PS TET Paper 1: English Language Test - 2 - PS TET MCQ

Directions: Answer the following question by selecting the most appropriate option.
Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless.
There are four main types of anaesthesia: General, Spinal, Regional, and Local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anaesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetised. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method affects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues.
Formerly, the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine, for very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess. Local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision.

Q. The real purpose of using anaesthetics is to

Read each of the following passages and answer the questions by selecting the most appropriate option.
Scotland Yard is the headquarter of the Criminal Investigation Department of London Metropolitan Police of Britain. It was established in 1878. It is named from its original location in Scotland Yard, off Whitehall. Officers who work here are involved in solving serious crimes. This police force looks after about 10 million people living in Greater London.
A police force of over 18,000 men and women is controlled from here by the Commissioner. Here, too, is the famous Information Room, working day and night, which receives information in a few seconds by telephone, radio and electronic devices about every incident in London, very important to the police. A special department deals with public relations, conducts tours, distinguished visitors, the Press and so on.
A daily newspaper edited and printed by the Scotland Yard contains particulars of persons `wanted' by the police with detailed descriptions of criminals and their photographs. A copy of the paper reaches every police station in the country. Scotland Yard catches crooks. Every convicted criminal finds a place on the index of the Criminal Record Office- his height and build, colour of hair and eyes, fingerprints, and above all, his way of going about crime. The criminal record office has records and they are used by the various police forces throughout the country.
The Scotland Yard has a map room. Here huge maps of London are hung. Some maps show every street and house. There is a crime map, made up at 8 o'clock every morning. It shows by pinned coloured flags every crime that has been committed in London. There is also a Traffic Map, showing from day to day where the most dangerous areas are in the city. The standard of police work set up a century and a quarter ago, perhaps the finest and the most scientific in the world, is maintained by the Scotland Yard.

Q. Pick out the word from the passage that means "found guilty":

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.
Every year about two million people visit Mount Rushmore, where the faces of four U.S. Presidents were carved in granite by sculptor Gutzon Borglum and his son, the late Lincoln Borglum. The creation of Mount Rushmore Monument took 14 years - from 1927 to 1941 - and nearly a million dollars. These were times when money was difficult to come by and many people were jobless. To move the more than 40,000 tons of rock, Borglum hired laid-off workers from the closed-down mines in the Black Hills area. He taught these men to dynamite, drill, carve, and finish the granite as they were hanging in midair in his specially devised chairs. which had many safety features.  Borglum was proud of the fact that no workers were killed or severely injured during the years of blasting and carving.
During the carving, many changes in the original design had to be made to keep the carved heads free of large fissures that were uncovered. However, not all the cracks could be avoided, so Borglum concocted a mixture of granite dust, white lead, and linseed oil to fill them.
Every winter, water from melting snows gets into the fissures and expands as it freezes, making the fissures bigger. Consequently, every autumn maintenance work is done to refill the cracks. The repairers swing out in space over a 500-foot drop and fix the monument with the same mixture that Borglum used to preserve this national monument for future generations.

Q. Which word is similar to 'preserve'?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. Where were Ram's parents going?

The second language classroom is a confluence of various languages. Teachers should give their students:

Directions: ​Read the given passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:-
Everything that men do or think concerns either the satisfaction of the needs they feel or the need to escape from pain. This must be kept in mind when we seek to understand spiritual or intellectual movements and the way in which they develop, for feeling and longing are the motive forces of all human striving and productivity – however nobly these latter may display themselves to us.
What, then, are the feelings and the needs which have brought mankind to religious thought and to faith in the widest sense? A moment’s consideration shows that the most varied emotions stand at the cradle of religious thought and experience. In primitive people, it is, first of all, fear that awakens religious ideas – fear of hunger, of wild animals, of illness, and of death. Since the understanding of causal connections is usually limited on this level of existence, the human soul forges a being, more or less like itself, on whose will and activities depend the experiences which it fears. One hopes to win the favor of this being, by deeds and sacrifices, which according to the tradition of the race are supposed to appease the being or to make him well disposed to man. I call this the religion of fear.
This religion is considerably established, though not caused, by the formation of priestly caste which claims to mediate between the people and the being they fear and so attains a position of power. Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.

Q. What feeling promoted primitive man to create religion?

I build walls
Walls that protect,
Walls that shield,
Walls that say I shall not yield
Or reveal
Who I am and how I feel

I build walls
Walls that hide,
Walls that cover what’s inside,
Walls that stare or smile or look away,
Silent lies,
Walls that even block my eyes
From the tears I might have cried.

I build walls
Walls that never let me
Truly touch
Those I love so very much .
Walls that need to fall !
Walls mean to be fortresses
Are prisons after all.

Q. Which figure of speech has been employed in the poem by the usage of the word "Walls"?

Read the given poem and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.
A synonym of the word 'besiege' is :

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Once upon a time, there was a greedy merchant who owned a magnificent horse. The horse was strong and fast, and the merchant was proud of it. He would often travel long distances with the horse to trade goods and make a profit.
One day, the merchant had to travel to a faraway city to sell his goods. He decided to take his horse with him as he knew it could cover the distance quickly. However, he didn't consider the fact that the horse would need rest and care along the way.
As they started their journey, the merchant pushed the horse to go faster and faster, not stopping for breaks. The horse was getting tired and was unable to keep up with the merchant's demands. The merchant didn't care and continued to ride the horse harder, thinking only of his profit.
As they travelled further, the horse began to slow down, and its breathing became laboured. The merchant didn't take notice and kept pushing the horse until it eventually collapsed on the ground, exhausted and unable to move.
The merchant was angry and frustrated that his horse had failed him. He cursed the animal and tried to force it to get up, but the horse was too weak to move. Realizing that he wouldn't be able to reach his destination without a horse, the merchant decided to leave the animal behind and continue on foot, leaving the exhausted horse on the side of the road.
Days later, the merchant finally reached his destination, but he had lost a lot of his merchandise along the way. He realized that his greed had led to his downfall, and he regretted his actions towards the horse. He wished he had taken better care of it and had considered its needs.
From that day on, the merchant vowed to treat his animals with kindness and respect and not to let his greed get in the way of his morals. The lesson he learned was that sometimes, taking a break and looking after yourself and those around you is more important than making a profit.

Q. What is the synonym of the highlighted word 'rest' ?

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.
The day the cat was killed, Maddy watched her mother wind that old clock with her same little smile, cranking the gold key into its funny little hole, as grandma wandered around the dining table in her dressing gown while her nurse read a pulp fiction on the front step, while her brothers scraped their forks against the table and dripped the last bits of potatoes and corn from their open, awful mouths, that clock sat heavy on the white carpet, at the end of the hall, mom humming along to that terrible ticking. It made Maddy's teeth clench. 'Truly, there was no point to these silly, endless family dinners. Always being six o'clock sharp and never over until that clock was wound, thirteen. years of her life wasted for this nonsense so far, burnt up in boredom, when all the while she had some very important matters to attend to back in her bedroom. The longcase clock had been left by "the previous owner, or maybe the one before that, no one was sure. Cloaked in pine wood and always counting, no birds printed around the clock face, no farm scenes or flowers, just black numbers and wiry hands and that was that. Then near the bottom, a long silver pendulum behind a square of smokey glass. It was too heavy to tip, too tall to place anything on top, old and faded and always suspect. Her brothers avoided it at night and the cat avoided it entirely (or used to). The clock face glowing round and white, over the wooden suit, like a pale faced ghost or a porcelain reaper, feetless and shadows for arms. And mom would sing along with the pendulum while the boys knocked over the kitchen chairs wrestling and playing tag, and grandmother would nap by the television and the nurse would paint her nails. All the time, her mom would smile and hum.

Q. The siblings were 'awful mouths' is the following figure of speech:

Lalita, a teacher of young learners, provides them with opportunities to play with clay, water, and sand to:

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Halku came in and said to his wife, ‘Sahna is at the door. Come on, give me the money you have. Let me pay him and be rid of the noose.’
His wife, Munni, was sweeping the floor. She turned her face towards him and said, ‘Three rupees is all I have. If we give these up, how shall you buy a blanket? How’ll you face the winter nights guarding the crop. Tell him, we shall pay at the time of harvest. Not now.’
Halku stood quietly for a moment, unsure of himself. The month of Poos, the peak of winter, was at hand and he won’t be able to sleep out in the field without a blanket. But Sahna won’t relent. He will threaten and curse. It was better to face the winter somehow and be rid of this trouble. Halku , carrying his heavy weight (which disproved his name which meant ‘light- weight’), moved towards his wife and said in a cajoling voice, ‘Come on, please give me the money. Let me get rid of this. I shall find a blanket somehow.’
Munni moved away from him, arching her eyes. ‘What’ll you do?  Will someone give you a blanket in charity? God knows how much more we owe him. There’s no end to it. I say, stop tilling the land. Kill yourself toiling, and when the harvest is ready, hand it over to him. That’s the end. We’re born to remain under debt. And then slave as a labour to fill our stomach. What use is this tillage? I won’t give you the money. I won’t.’
‘So I should face the insults?’ Halku said in a melancholy tone.
‘How can he insult you? Is he the king?’ shouted Munni.
But the taut eyebrows were lowered just as she uttered these words. There was a bitter truth in Halku’s words that stared at them like a fierce animal.
She went up to the niche in the wall, took out the rupees and placed them on Halku’s palm. ‘You stop tilling the land. We shall feed ourselves through our daily labour peacefully. And we won’t have to face the insults. What sort of tilling is this? Earn something by labouring and push that too into this fire. And over and above, this bullying.

Q. Which of the following is not TRUE according to the passage?

A teacher`s most precious item is

Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.
In this floating village in Brazil, there is only one way to travel. Students go to school by boat. Locals go to worship by boat. Taxis arrive by boat. Even the soccer field is often a boat. There are three homemade fields on land, but they are submerged now in the annual flooding of the Black River. If the wooden goal posts had nets, they would be useful this time of the year only for catching fish. So, young players and adults improvise. They play soccer at a community centre that has a roof but no walls. They play on the dock of a restaurant. And they play on a parked ferry, a few wearing life jackets to cushion their fall. The high-water mark in the Rio Negro this year was the fifth-highest in more than a century of measurements.
As scientists study the impact of deforestation on the Amazon basin, and the cooling and warming of the Pacific Ocean, extreme patterns observed over the last 25 or 30 years raise an important unanswered question: “Are these trends human-induced climate change, or can we explain this with natural variability?” Villagers said that passing boats sometimes knocked down power lines during periods of exceptionally high water. And while the soccer fields are usually available for about half the year, the land has recently been dry enough for only four or five months of play. “We don’t have a place for the children to play,” said de Sousa, a shop owner. “They are stuck in the houses, bored.” The most adventurous, though, will find a game somewhere.

Q. Pick out the false statement.

As a language teacher to ensure maximum participation of the students in class. Which of the following methods of teaching would you adopt?

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.
THE LAST CONQUEROR
Victorious men of earth, no more
Proclaim how wide your empires are;
Though you bind-in every shore
And your triumphs reach as far
As night or day,
Yet you, proud monarchs, must obey
And mingle with forgotten ashes, when
Death calls ye to the crowd of common men.
Devouring famine, plague and war,
Each able to undo mankind,
Death’s servile emissaries are;
Nor to these alone confined,
He hath at will
More quaint and subtle ways to kill;
A smile or kiss, as he will use the art,
Shall have the cunning skill to break a heart.

Q. "... the cunning skill" — refers to

Read each of the following passages and answer the question by selecting the most appropriate option.
Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark and deep.
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.

Q. What does the poet wish to do?

Read the passage and answer the following questions.
There is a lovely story of a tree and a little boy who used to play in its shade. They had become friends. One day, the boy sat leaning against the trunk of the tree, crying. He was hungry. "Eat my fruit" said the kind tree bending down one of its branches. The boy ate the fruit and was happy. The boy grew up. One day, he sat under the tree with an anxious look on his face. "What is the matter?" asked the tree. "I am going to marry and I want a house to live in," said the young man. "Cut down my branches and build your house." said the tree. The young man built a house with the branches of the tree. The young man became a sailor. One day, he sat under the tree with a worried look. "What is the matter?" asked the tree. "My captain is a cruel fellow. I want a ship of my own." said the sailor. "Cut down my trunk and build a ship." The sailor lost his ship and returned home as a helpless old man. On a cold winter's day, he stood where the tree once was, leaning on his stick and trembling with cold. "Make a fire of me, and warm yourself' said the stump of the tree. The stump of the unselfish tree burnt in the fire, softly humming a tune.

Q. The two protagonists of the story are ________ 

Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.
In this floating village in Brazil, there is only one way to travel. Students go to school by boat. Locals go to worship by boat. Taxis arrive by boat. Even the soccer field is often a boat. There are three homemade fields on land, but they are submerged now in the annual flooding of the Black River. If the wooden goal posts had nets, they would be useful this time of the year only for catching fish. So, young players and adults improvise. They play soccer at a community centre that has a roof but no walls. They play on the dock of a restaurant. And they play on a parked ferry, a few wearing life jackets to cushion their fall. The high-water mark in the Rio Negro this year was the fifth-highest in more than a century of measurements.
As scientists study the impact of deforestation on the Amazon basin, and the cooling and warming of the Pacific Ocean, extreme patterns observed over the last 25 or 30 years raise an important unanswered question: “Are these trends human-induced climate change, or can we explain this with natural variability?” Villagers said that passing boats sometimes knocked down power lines during periods of exceptionally high water. And while the soccer fields are usually available for about half the year, the land has recently been dry enough for only four or five months of play. “We don’t have a place for the children to play,” said de Sousa, a shop owner. “They are stuck in the houses, bored.” The most adventurous, though, will find a game somewhere.

Q. Pick out the false statement.

Fluency means _______

The best technique to teach 'writing' skill to a class is

Joey is planning to start a school for little children. Robert tells him that one thing is very important in a school for little children. What is it that Robert is referring to?

A twelve-year-old child enjoys using puns. This enjoyment indicates that she has:

ELL students who are _________ learners remember things more when the teacher discusses them in a class than reading from a book.

Select the correct word for the blank.
I ____ buy an alarm clock today. I do not want to be late anymore.

As part of a class project, a teacher planned a fruit salad celebration day in which all learners needed to participate. The boys protested as they felt that boys do not cook. The teacher should:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:
The National Statistical Office (NSO) released a set of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) numbers earlier this week. The most recent data, namely, GDP growth for the quarter ending December 2022, came at 4.4%. This is 30 basis points (0.3 percentage point) lower than what a Bloomberg poll of economists expected the number to be. NSO has retained a projection of 7% growth in 2022-23 between its first and second advance estimates, which means that GDP growth in the quarter ending March will have to be 5.1%. This goes against the widespread opinion among economists that the Indian economy is losing, not gaining growth momentum at the moment. 
NSO’s latest data release includes other sets of GDP numbers as well. They include the first revised estimate for 2021-22, the second revised estimate for 2020-21 and the final estimate for 2019-20. It is not Chanakya’s intent to overwhelm the readers with bureaucratic processes involving the release of statistics, but these revisions to past GDP numbers have significantly changed the facts as far as the Indian economy’s performance is concerned. GDP growth rates for 2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22 have been revised upwards from the earlier figures of 3.7%, -6.6% and 8.7% to 3.9%, -5.8% and 9.1%, respectively. 
The revisions have had an effect on the latest growth statistics as well. If the December 2022 quarter GDP was compared to the December 2021 GDP numbers before the latest revision, the economy would have shown an expansion of 5.1% instead of 4.4%. To be sure, there is nothing one can do about this problem of comparing hitherto revised statistics with one that will undergo a revision two years down the line. And while one can claim to be wise in hindsight, Chanakya believes that such large adjustments in a crucial economic indicator like GDP have a blindsiding effect on economic policy which ideally requires data in real-time.
But deficiencies in our statistical system are a topic for another column; let us return to the state of the economy at the moment. Any modern economy has its share of headwinds and tailwinds to growth at a given moment in time. What are the most pressing headwinds for the Indian economy right now? First is the dissipation of pent-up consumption demand, which soared after being shackled due to pandemic-era restrictions. Private consumption is the single most important driver of the Indian economy. It had a share of 60% in total GDP in the December 2022 quarter. This is not to say that private consumption is going to plunge.

Q. The word 'recent' in: 'The most recent data' is