OTET Paper 2 Mock Test - 1 (Social Science) - OTET MCQ

Cognitive abilities are brain-based skills we need to carry out any task from the simplest to the most complex. They have more to do with the mechanisms of how we learn, remember, problem-solve, reason out, and pay attention rather than with any actual knowledge.

Children are divided into different categories based on their interests, behavior, nature, I.Q level, understanding, grasping abilities, etc. Children live through critical phases of development, which influence their behavior.

• Most children learn to adapt well to this changing nature of skill demand, but some of these children find it difficult to do so.
• Further, much problematic behaviour which goes unnoticed or even tolerated in a home setting becomes more conspicuous in the school environment due to competition and frequent evaluation.
• Common problematic behaviours are attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning disability, bullying, and delinquent behaviour.

Problematic children are particularly those who are difficult to teach, due to a lack of self-control and disruptive and antisocial behavior. 
Making an effort to bring change in a child's environment and attitude will be the best way for bringing change in the behavior of a problematic child as: 

• A good learning environment helps in building a culture of mutual trust and respect that engages the learners meaningfully in the task of learning.
• Besides that, it also supports a relationship between teaching and learning that helps in improving childhood mental health and academic performance. 
• By bringing a change in attitude child's thinking, feeling and behavior could be influenced towards a place, people, or situation.

So, it could be concluded that making effort to bring change in a child's environment and attitude will be the best way for bringing change in the behavior of a problematic child.

Mastery learning is a term, formulated by John B.Carrol (1971) and Benjamin Bloom (1971). It provides a compact and interesting way of increasing the likelihood that more students will attain a satisfactory level of performance in school subjects. First, all students are taught together in the same way and the method of teaching is equal for all the learners. Then, a mastery test is given to check, if students have mastered the subject. Those students are separated who could not master the subject, and diagnose their difficulty and divide them into various groups according to their problems. They are given mastery learning according to their difficulty requirements and then again they are checked by mastery test.

Individual difference: Every child is unique and different from others. It should be kept in mind that learners possess different abilities, and personalities, and belong to different backgrounds. The stimulus needs of every learner will be different. Teaching has to be done keeping in mind the individual differences and problems arising out of it.
The teacher should take care of the below points:

• As per the need of the students, the teaching method can vary.
• Generally confused with discrimination, ability grouping is a measure in which students of similar traits are grouped so that the teacher can choose a compatible teaching method.
• Keeping in mind the child-centered education as proposed by the NCF, adjusting the curriculum is no exception because it is the child who has the freedom to choose what he wants to learn.
• The pace of learning should not be a matter of concern for a teacher as every child has his pace and more than results, the attempt to learn is important.

It should be noted that, though self-study improves knowledge, it should not be done simultaneously when the teacher’s responsibility is to teach children.
So, we conclude that for a teacher, leaving children for self-study is not recommended

Extinction (psychology) is observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behaviours. When operant behaviour that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences, the behaviour gradually stops occurring.
A partial reinforcement will continue to produce reinforcing consequences and therefore, making it difficult to stop a behaviour from re-occurring.

Lev Vygotsky is a Russian Psychologist who proposed the theory of Socio-cultural development.

The young child learns to speak single, discrete words in the beginning. Later, he can join together these sentences in the form of language. This is Development leads to the integration principle of development.
Development leads to integration: Once the child learns specific or differentiated responses, then, as development continues, she can synthesise or integrate these specific responses to form a whole. For example, the young child learns to speak single, discrete words in the beginning. Later, he can join together these sentences in the form of language. Similarly, a young child may have a specific concept of a car. Later, as she grows, her concept expands as she is able to synthesise new aspects into it.

Discussion is that students have considerable agency in the construction of knowledge, understanding, or interpretation. Students have fair chance to put their different ideas in front of everyone.

“A creative child is not an adventurer” The statement about the creative child is not correct.
Creative children express opinions and constantly ask many questions. So curiosity is the main aspect of creativity. Creative children are ambitious, courageous, and persistent and extrovert, but the level of creativity differs from person to person.

पद्यांश के अनुसार,
"पूछे सिकता-कण से हिमपति!
तेरा वह राजस्थान कहाँ?
वन-वन स्वतंत्रता-दीप लिये
फिरनेवाला बलवान कहाँ?....
विद्यापति - कवि के गान कहाँ?"
इसलिए यह निष्कर्ष निकाला जा सकता है कि कवि हिमपति से राजस्थान, महाराणा प्रताप, कवि विद्यापति के बारे में पूछने के लिए कह रहा है।

दिए गए विकल्पों में जंगल का पर्यायवाची "बग़ीचा" नहीं है अन्य विकल्प जंगल के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं।
जंगल का पर्यायवाची - विपिन, कानन, वन, अरण्य, गहन, अख्य, कान्तार।

14 सितम्बर 1949 तिथि को भारत के संविधान में हिंदी को भारत की राजभाषा की मान्यता प्रदान की गई। 

• हिन्दी दिवस प्रत्येक वर्ष 14 सितम्बर को मनाया जाता है। 14 सितम्बर 1949 को संविधान सभा ने यह निर्णय लिया कि हिन्दी केन्द्र सरकार की आधिकारिक भाषा होगी।  क्योंकि भारत मे अधिकतर क्षेत्रों में ज्यादातर हिन्दी भाषा बोली जाती थी, इसलिए हिन्दी को राजभाषा बनाने का निर्णय लिया और इसी निर्णय के महत्व को प्रतिपादित करने तथा हिन्दी को प्रत्येक क्षेत्र में प्रसारित करने के लिये वर्ष 1953 से पूरे भारत में 14 सितम्बर को प्रतिवर्ष हिन्दी-दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाता है।

लिखना अर्थात लेखन कौशल चारों भाषा कौशलों में सबसे अंतिम चरण है। बच्चों में लेखन कौशल का विकास मौलिक विचारों को लिखित रूप देने तथा विभिन्न उद्देश्यों के लिए लिखने की क्षमता को संदर्भित करता है। लिखित भाषा का प्रयोग अपनी भाषा को अभिव्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है।

• दक्षता के साथ सहज अभिव्यक्ति के विकास को सुनिश्चित कर सकेंगे।
• वास्तविक अनुभव के साथ भाषाई कौशलों को सुगमता से ग्रहण करेंगें।
• तथ्यों को स्वयं के निजी अनुभवों से जोड़ कर अपने विचारों को अभिव्यक्त करेगें।
• स्वतंत्र एवं मौलिक अभिव्यक्ति के अवसर प्राप्त कर अपने विचारों को खुल कर रखेंगे।

अतः, निष्कर्ष निकलता है कि लिखित भाषा का प्रयोग अपनी अभिव्यक्ति के लिए किया जाता है।

दिए गए विकल्पों में उचित उत्तर विकल्प A ‘रात्रि, निशा, तमा’ है। 
‘रात’ शब्द का अर्थ होता है- शाम के बाद का पहर। ‘
रात’ स्त्रीलिंग शब्द और एक संज्ञा है।

The correct sentence that presents exclamation is "How tall he is!".
Option 2 has a structure of an interrogative sentence. Options 3 and 4 are incorrect.

Language is a tool to communicate with the world. Considering the size of the world, there have been many civilizations in different parts of the world which have developed different languages.

According to the line given in the passage, Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.
The meaning of the word 'Despotic' is- A ruler who exercises absolute power, especially in a cruel or oppressive way.
In the given lines, the speaker says that 'an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.' this states that by joining hands with the despotic rulers' priests can acquire the political powers.

The concept of Zone of Proximal Development is given by  Lev Vygotsky. Zone of Proximal Development or ZPD is the set of skills a child can't do on his own but can do with the help of guidance of a more knowledgeable other. 

Paragraph 5 mentions that Karwar is famous as an erstwhile harbour. Paragraph 1 mentions as to how the Karavali stretch has the Western Ghats on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west. Paragraph 2 mentions that salted roti and date halwa are a local cuisine of Bhatkal region. So, option C is incorrect. Paragraph 6 mentions how Devbhag beach with its beautiful beach is a romantic hideaway for couples. All the statements except C is mentioned in the passage. 

It is the correct option. Antonym of 'reveal' is 'conceal'. 'Reveal' means 'make (previously unknown or secret information) known to others', whereas 'conceal' means 'prevent (something) from being known; keep secret'.

Creative writing is considered as writing that is self-expressive and original. It is a form of writing which creates unique ideas that are imaginative and innovative.

The Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)approach is based on the view that "Language is a system for the expression of meaning." 

The error lies in the usage of the adjective rich instead of the adverb richly.
An Adverb is a word that describes, modifies, or gives more information about a verb, adjective, adverb, or phrase.
Example: She smiled cheerfully.
The word green refers to the color of the grass.
In the given sentence, the word green is used as an adjective, and rich is also used as an adjective, which is grammatically wrong. 
Here, the adverb richly should be used to modify the adjective green as how much green the grass is. 
So, the correct sentence is: The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a full-summer day; the flowers were blossoming profusely, and the grass was richly green.

This is the activity that should be conducted to teach the topic of Unity in Diversity. There are varied dance forms in different parts of the country, and each dance form is one way or the other similar to each other. They also have noticeable differences, which will easily make the students know about the exact meaning of Unity in Diversity.

Todar Mal carried out a careful survey of crop yields, prices and areas cultivated for a period of ten years.

• Todar Mal was the revenue minister of Mughal Emperor Akbar.
•  He carried out a careful survey of crop yields, prices and areas cultivated for a 10-year period, 1570- 1580.
• On the basis of this data, tax was fixed on each crop in cash.
• Each province was divided into revenue circles with its own schedule of revenue rates for individual crops.
• This revenue system was known as zabt.
• It was prevalent in those areas where Mughal administrators could survey the land and keep very careful accounts.
• This was not possible in provinces such as Gujarat and Bengal. 

Hence, we can conclude that Todar Mal carried out a careful survey of crop yields, prices and areas cultivated for a period of ten years.

The students are able to link the concepts taught in class with the outside world. Hence, a field trip is the best option.

Social Sciences are the sciences which study human beings in relation to their social system and institutions. Social sciences include disciplines like history, geography, political science, economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, culture studies, public administration, etc. At the secondary school and university levels, different social sciences are taught to students as independent and/or distinct disciplines. 

Micro-teaching skills do not include problem solving.

• Landforms refer to the natural features on the surface of the earth that have been created through geological and geomorphological processes over time.
• These landforms are often created by agents or forces that shape the earth's surface.
• In the given pairs, we have to identify the correct agent that is responsible for the formation of a particular landform.

(a) Levees - Wind:

• Levees are natural or man-made embankments or ridges that are formed along the banks of rivers or other water bodies.
• These ridges are created by the deposition of sediment carried by the water during floods.
• While wind can cause erosion and deposition of sediment, it is not the primary agent responsible for the formation of levees. Therefore, this pair is incorrect.

(b) Stacks - Sea waves:

• Stacks are tall pillars of rock that are formed as a result of erosion by the sea waves.
• The waves erode the softer rock and leave behind the harder rock that forms the stack.
• This pair is correct because sea waves are the primary agent that forms stacks.

(c) Mushroom Rocks - River:

• Mushroom rocks are large rocks that have a distinctive shape, resembling a mushroom.
• They are often found in arid environments and are formed due to the process of erosion by wind.
• While rivers can also cause erosion, they are not the primary agent responsible for the formation of mushroom rocks. Therefore, this pair is incorrect.

(d) Moraines - Glaciers:

• Moraines are ridges or mounds of glacial debris that are deposited by glaciers.
• Glaciers are slow-moving masses of ice that can carry large amounts of rocks, soil, and other debris.
• As glaciers move, they transport this debris and deposit it along their edges and terminus.
• This pair is correct because glaciers are the primary agent responsible for the formation of moraines.

In conclusion, the correct pair of landform agents is (d) Moraines - Glaciers

There is a felt need in the social science curriculum to balance national perspective with local perceptions and to teach national history with reference to developments in other parts of the world.

• This would create a comprehensive view of local, national and the world situations and perceptions.
• The curriculum, now, has to deal with contemporary issues and problems of Indian society and people such as human rights, inclusiveness, environmental pollution, population issues, national integration, poverty, illiteracy, child and bonded labour, plurality and change, gender, class and caste equity, etc.
• It also needs to address the concerns related to the health of children and to the social aspects of changes and developments occurring in them during adolescence like changing relationships with parents, peer group, the opposite sex and the adult world in general.
• The curriculum needs to create standards to meet the challenges of global competition.

Hence, the curriculum of social science should be such that it deals with all the above points.