APSET Paper 2 Mock Test - 4 (History) - AP TET MCQ

Explanation:

Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in Kolkata. After his death, Brahmo Samaj was divided for the first time on the issue of defining the relationship between Brahmanism and Brahmo Samaj. All India Brahmo Samaj was founded by the radicals like Kesab Chandra Sen, Anand Mohan Bose and Shivnarayan Sastri. The Brahmo Samaj under Debendranath Tagore continued as Adi Brahmo Sabha. In 1878 A.D. the Brahmo Samaj was divided for the second time. Anand Mohan Bose and Shivnarayan Sastri revolted against Sen and founded Sadharan Brahmo Samaj.

The Vijayanagar army was well-organized and efficient. It consisted of the cavalry, infantry, artillery and elephants. High-breed horses were procured from foreign traders. The top-grade officers of the army were known as Nayaks or Poligars. They were granted land in lieu of their services. These lands were called “Amaram”. Soldiers were usually paid in cash.

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2.
Key-Points

• At the first post-War Congress session in September 1945 at Bombay, a strong resolution was adopted declaring Congress support for the INA cause. Defence of INA prisoners in the court was organized by Bhulabhai Desai, Tej Bahadur Sapru, Kailash Nath Katju, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Asaf Ali. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• INA Relief and Enquiry Committee distributed small sums of money and food and helped arrange employment for the affected. Fund collection was organized. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Additional Information

Indian National Army (INA)

• In 1939, Subash Chandra Bose resigned from the congress and organized Forward Bloc for a more vigorous national struggle.
• The government first imprisoned him, and thereafter kept him confined to his house under close watch. In 1941, Subash Chandra Bose escaped from India to the Soviet Union for help.
• Later the Soviet Union joined hands with its allies. This made Bose escape to Germany. In 1943 he reached Japan and organize an armed struggle against British rule with Japanese help.
• In 1942 Capitan Mohan Singh formed INA comprising the captured Indian soldiers along with the Indian Independence league of Rash Bihari Bose.
• This first INA collapsed and was disbanded in December that year after differences between the INA leadership (Mohan Singh) and the Japanese military over its role in Japan’s war in Asia.
• It was revived under the leadership of Subhash Chandra Bose after his arrival in Southeast Asia in 1943.
• In July, at a meeting in Singapore, Rash Behari Bose handed over control of the organization to Subhas Chandra Bose.
• In 1944 the INA tried to invade India through Imphal and Kohima but the campaign failed. The INA members were imprisoned and tried. People across the country, from all walks of life, participated in the movement against the INA trials.

Chenchu from the Nallamala hills in Andhra Pradesh revolted against British Forest Laws under the leadership of K. Hanumanthu. He organised ‘Palanadu’ which was a Forest Satyagraha against British forest laws.

During the Deccan famine in 1875 A.D, riots broke out in Ahmednagar and Pune districts of Bombay Presidency against the exploitation of Marwari moneylenders. The riots became armed rebellions under the leadership of Vasudev Balwant Phadke who is regarded as ‘father of the Indian armed rebellion’. He provided the inspiration for fellow freedom fighters.

Lord Edward Henry Stanley became the first Secretary of State for India. An agency named Indian Council created in London to monitor the functioning of Viceroy and his staff. This was to be headed by Secretary of State for India. The revolt by the Burchampore Regiment was the first to revolt against Robert Clive. This is also known as ‘White Mutiny’ as most of the Sepoys who revolted were English.

All of the above is the impact of the 'Renaissance' on History writings. Key Points

• The new interest in the man and the world in the place of medieval otherworldliness led to a revival and reorientation of historical studies in the West.
• The Renaissance orientation represented a return to the humanistic view of life based on that of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
• Historical thought once more came to be focused on the man. So, Statement 1 is correct.
• Closely related to the revival of interest in man and the world was a swing away from the medieval Christian tradition and a gradual secularization of life and thought reflected in the writing of history.
• Theological interpretations of history and the supernatural element in historiography disappeared as men ceased to believe in the operation of a providential plan in their affairs.
• History became mundane, monastic annals and chronicles, universal histories and world chronicles, and lives of saints and bishops, all went out of fashion with the emergence of the lay historian. Thus, Statement 2 is also correct.
• A particular effect of humanism on Renaissance historiography was a newly awakened interest in archaeological remains.
• But there was now a definite change of attitude, in the fourteenth-century historical writers had discovered the value of inscriptions, coins and medals as historical sources.
• In the fifteenth century was awakened a genuine sentiment for the surviving remnants of the past. There emerged a fervour for ‘antiquities’ which began to show itself in an eager search for ancient manuscripts.

• This contributed also to a critical method and historical interpretation. Hence, Statement 3 is also correct.

Therefore, we can conclude that all of the above is the impact of the 'Renaissance' on History writings.

Only statements 2 and 3 are correct, while 1 is wrong.

In 1858 Lord Canning sent forth the royal proclamation in a grand Darbar at Allahabad via which Queen Victoria intimated that she had assumed the direct government of India. This proclamation also set forth the principles on the basis of which India was to be governed in the future and the British policy towards people of British-Indian territories and princes. All treaties and engagements of East India Company with princely states would be maintained and honored. There will be no further extension of the territories of the erstwhile East India Company. No encroachment on British territories in India would be allowed and no encroachment will be done by the British on territories of others. The above proclamation was called “Magnacarta of people of India” and was declared in eloquent style to be in consonance with the principle of justice and religious toleration as guiding policy of queen’s rule. The document also granted amnesty to all except those who had directly taken part in the murder of British subjects.

Dahsala or Zabti System :

There was no ten years settlement on the crops.

In fact, the settlement was based on the average prices and produces during the last ten years.

1/3rd share of the average crop production was apportioned to the state.

This system was basically in practice during Shershah Suri but was honed perfectly during Akbar’s reign.

Kankut System

This system was already in use in the fourteenth century. Under this method, instead of actually dividing the grain (kan), an estimate was made on the basis of an actual inspection on the spot. One-third of the estimated produce was fixed as the state demand.

Nasaq System

This was widely prevalent in the Mughal Empire, particularly in Bengal. In this system, a rough calculation was made on the basis of the past revenue receipts of the peasants. It required no actual measurement, but the area was ascertained from the records.

The most common and perhaps, the oldest system was batai or ghalla-bakhshi.

Charles Cornwallis serving as Commander-in-Chief of British India and Governor of Presidency of Fort William believes in attitudes towards governance which gives idea of responsibility to the government by adopting the idea of Indian Civil Service to benefit overall population.

In Mauryan period, an irrigation tax was known as Udak Bhag.

Key Points

• Land tax (bhaga) was the main item of revenue during the Mauryan period.
• According to the texts, it was levied at the rate of one-sixth of the produce.
• Sharecropping was another way by which the State collected agricultural resources.
• The sharecroppers were in the first place provided with seeds, oxen, etc., and received arable land for cultivation.
• In this kind of situation the peasants probably gave half of the produce to the State.
• Bali, the traditionally known levy from the Vedic times, continued under the Mauryas.
• During the Mauryan period when the importance of irrigation was fully realised, the peasants had to pay more tax on irrigated land which was known as udaka-bhaga.
• It refers to water rate, and was generally levied at one-fifth to one-third of the produce.

• The above taxes were further supplemented by a large number of customary dues that the peasants had to pay.

Therefore, we can conclude that in Mauryan period, an irrigation tax was known as Udak Bhag.

The correct answer is Aihole.

Key Points

• Aihole is the Chalukyas town in Karnataka that is known as the town of temples.
• Aihole is a town located in Karnataka.
• The place has many temples that were built by the Chalukyan kings.

​Additional Information

• Aihole
  • It is 35 kilometers from Badami and about 9.7 kilometers from Pattadakal, both of which are major centers of historically important Chalukya monuments.
  • Aihole, along with nearby Badami (Vatapi), emerged by the 6th century as the cradle of experimentation with temple architecture, stone artwork, and construction techniques.
  • This resulted in 16 types of free-standing temples and 4 types of rock-cut shrines.
  • The experimentation in architecture and arts that began in Aihole yielded the group of monuments at Pattadakal, a UNESCO world heritage site.
  • Over one hundred Aihole temples are Hindu, a few are Jain and one is Buddhist.
    • The Jain Basadi temples are dedicated to Mahavira, Parshvanatha, Neminatha, and other Jain Tirthankaras.
• Vengi
  • Vengi was the most prominent city in Ancient Andhra for nearly seven centuries.
  • Vengi served as the capital for many Andhra dynasties like Salankayanas, Vishnukundinas, and Eastern Chalukyas.
  • This region was part of Ashoka's Mauryan Empire in the mid-3rd century BCE.
• Manyakhet
  • ​Manyakhet, also known as Malkhed, is a town in Karnataka, India.
  • It is located on the banks of the Kagina River in Sedam Taluk of Gulbarga district, around 40 km from Kalaburagi.
  • Originally known as Manyakheta, it was the capital of the Rashtrakuta dynasty during the 9^th and 10^th centuries.
• Pattadakal
  • Pattadakal, also called Paṭṭadakallu or Raktapura, is a complex of 7th and 8th century CE Hindu and Jain temples in northern Karnataka.

• The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 by two brothers, Harihara and Bukka Raya I.
• While it eventually flourished into a dominant power in southern India, its initial rise to prominence began in the mid-14th century
• 12th century: This is too early. While earlier kingdoms existed in the region, the Vijayanagara Empire itself originated later.
• 16th century: This is also too late. The empire reached its peak in the 15th and 16th centuries, but it was already established well before that
• Early 18th century: This is much too late. The empire had actually fallen by the end of the 17th century

Additional Information

• The Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1646),thrived in South India, encompassing parts of modern Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and more.
• Founded by the Sangama dynasty, it rose to defend against Muslim invasions.
• It flourished under rulers like Krishna Deva Raya, known for their patronage of art, literature, and architecture, evident in the majestic ruins of Hampi, its capital.
• The empire was well-organized, with efficient administration, a strong military, and thriving trade.

• The Vijayanagara Empire placed a strong emphasis on promoting overseas trade, which contributed significantly to its prosperity.
• The empire maintained thriving trade relations with the Portuguese, the Arabs, and other traders from the East and West, dealing in spices, cotton, precious stones, and other goods, which facilitated the flow of wealth into the empire.
• Their ports bustled with trade, exchanging spices, gems, and cotton for riches.
• Portuguese, Arabs, and others flocked to their markets, bringing wealth and cultural exchange.
• From pepper to pearls, every ship brought prosperity, filling the empire's coffers and fueling its grandeur.
• This global connect wasn't just about goods; it was a bridge between cultures, ideas, and innovations, making Vijayanagara a vibrant hub on the world map.

The correct answer is Rigveda.

Key Points

• Rigveda contains the Gayatri mantra.
• Gayatri mantra is a highly revered mantra dedicated to Savitri.
• Veda, a collection of poems or hymns composed in archaic Sanskrit.
• There are four types of Vedas – Rigveda, Samaveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda.

Important Points

• Rigveda
  • It is the oldest known Vedic Sanskrit text(1800 – 1100 BCE)
  • It has more than 10000 verses.
  • Out of 10 mandalas, Mandala number 1 and 10 are the youngest ones as they were written later than Mandala 2 to 9.
  • The ninth Rigvedic mandala is solely dedicated to Soma.

The correct answer is Bhima Nayak.

Key Points

• The Tribal Movement occurred in Sendhawa under the leadership of Bhima Nayak.
• Sendhwa is a city with a municipal government located in the Barwani district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
• It is the headquarters for Sendhwa Tehsil.
• As of the 2011 India census, Sendhwa constitutes a population of 56,485. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%.
• Sendhwa has an average literacy rate of 63%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 55%.
• In Sendhwa, 17% of the population is present under 6 years of age.

Additional Information

• Bhima Nayak or Bheema Nayak was an Indian revolutionary of Madhya Pradesh.
• He fought against the agitations of the British in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
• When Bhima was delinquent by the British government, he was kept in Port Blair and Nicobar.
• He was hanged in Port Blair, the present-day capital of Andaman & Nicobar on December 29, 1876.

The correct answer is (A), (B) and (C) all are true.Key Points

• The Palaeolithic period is a prehistoric era that lasted for around 2 million years until 12,000 years ago.
• It is divided into three stages: lower, middle, and upper palaeolithic, based on the development of stone tools and technology.
• Statement (A) is true as it correctly defines the time span of the Palaeolithic period.
• Statement (B) is also true as it describes the division of the period into three stages.
• Statement (C) is correct as it highlights that the palaeolithic period covers 99% of human history, indicating its significance in shaping the evolution of humans.

The Correct Answer is "Baldev Singh".

Important Points

• The Interim Government was formed as a provisional government between an imperial structure and a democratic structure.
• It lasted till 15th August 1947 when India became independent and was partitioned into India and Pakistan.
• This Interim Government was formed from the Constituent Assembly which was elected in August 1946.
• The election to the Constituent Assembly was not direct and representatives were elected by the provincial assemblies.
• In these elections, the Indian National Congress (INC) won around 69% of the seats and had a majority.
• The Congress Party won 208 seats and the Muslim League won 73 seats.
• In the Interim Government, the Viceroy’s Executive Council was equivalent to the position of Council of Ministers which acted as the executive.
• Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru became its Vice President and served as the de-facto Prime Minister.
• Even though the Muslim League refused to be a part of the Interim Government, insisting on their demand for a separate nation, it eventually became a part of it. In Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s words, the League was “going into the Interim Government to get a foothold to fight for the cherished goal of Pakistan.”

Additional Information

• The formation of the Interim government is related to the Second World War.
• The period post the second world war was a turning point as all the political prisoners were released who were a part of the Quit India movement.
• The Indian National Congress laid the foundation by declaring its participation in the formation of the Constituent Assembly.
• The newly formed government of Clement Attlee dispatched the 1946 Cabinet Mission to India to formulate proposals for the formation of a government that would lead to an independent India.

Key Points

The Cabinet of the Interim Government of India composed of the following members:

1. President of the Executive Council (Viceroy and Governor-General of India): Viscount Wavell (till February 1947); Lord Mountbatten (from February 1947)
2. Commander-in-Chief: Sir Claude Auchinleck
3. Vice President, Also in charge of External Affairs and Commonwealth Relations: Jawaharlal Nehru (INC)
4. Home Affairs, Information, and Broadcasting: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (INC)
5. Agriculture and Food: Rajendra Prasad (INC)
6. Commerce: Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar (ML)
7. Defense: Baldev Singh (INC)
8. Finance: Liaquat Ali Khan (ML)
9. Education and Arts: C Rajagopalachari (INC)
10. Health: Ghazanfar Ali Khan (ML)
11. Labour: Jagjivan Ram (INC)
12. Law: Jogendra Nath Mandal (ML)
13. Railways and Communications, Post and Air: Abdur Rab Nishtar (ML)
14. Works, Mines, and Power: C H Bhabha (INC)

The correct answer is Member of Constituent Assembly and First Home Minister in cabinet of free India.

Key Points

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

• (1888-1958): original name — Abul Kalam Mohiyuddin Ahmed;
• Scholar of Islam;
• freedom fighter and Congress leader;
• A proponent of Hindu Muslim unity; opposed to Partition;
• Member of Constituent Assembly;
• Education Minister in the first cabinet of free India

Additional Information

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan

• Known as ‘Frontier Gandhi’, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was one of the major reasons behind the Britishers leaving India.
• He pioneered the famous Khudai Khidmatgar (“Servants of God”) movement in 1929 and it successfully guided it to its Destiny.
• After independence, he opposed the partition of India but failed. He moved to Pakistan and started a movement for a separate Baloch province. He was jailed many times for the same cause.
• He died in 1988. During that period, a war was going on between the Afghani rebels and soviet forces. However, both sides halted their proceedings to lend a tribute to this legend.

Mohammad Abdur Rahiman

• Born in the Thrissur district of Kerala in the year 1898, Mohammad Abdur Rahiman was known for his heroics in restoring peace in the riot affected areas of 1921. He was jailed for two years for the same.
• He practised Salt Satyagraha and was again sentenced for rigorous imprisonment for 7 months.
• He mobilised the Muslim masses against the two nation theory of Muslim league Party.
• Soon after addressing a public meeting at Kodiyathur on 23 November 1945, he breathed his last.

Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan

• Sayyid also spelled Syad, Syed, Ahmad also spelled Ahmed, (born Oct. 17, 1817, Delhi—died March 27, 1898, Alīgarh, India), Muslim educator, jurist, and author, founder of the Anglo-Mohammedan Oriental College at Alīgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
• He was the principal motivating force behind the revival of Indian Islām in the late 19th century. His works, in Urdu, include Essays on the Life of Mohammed (1870) and commentaries on the Bible and on the Qurʾān.
• In 1888 he was made a Knight Commander of the Star of India.

The earliest cultural phase comes from Mehrgarh.

Mehrgarh is an important Neolithic site, greatly helped in understanding the transition process from the food-collecting stage to the food-producing stage. Mehrgarh is located in Pakistan near the Bolan Pass and is considered to be a precursor to the Indus Valley Civilisation. The earliest evidence of crop production has been found at Mehragarh, which yielded evidence of cultivated barley and wheat.

Jugantar Patrika was a Bengali revolutionary newspaper founded in 1906 in Calcutta by Barindra Kumar Ghosh, Abhinash Bhattacharya and Bhupendranath Dutt. It was a political weekly. It was founded in March 1906 and served as the propaganda organ for the nascent revolutionary organisation, Anushilan Samiti, that was taking shape in Bengal at the time.

Anushilan Samiti was a Bengali Indian organisation that existed in the first quarter of the twentieth century. It propounded revolutionary violence as the means for ending British rule in India.

The English beginnings in India were not very promising on the account of Portuguese rivalry. However, in 1611, Captain Middleton landed at Swally near Surat in spite of Portuguese opposition. The victory of Captain Best in Surat road-stead broke the tradition of Portuguese naval supremacy. The Portuguese, hence, were defeated twice at Swally near Surat. These victories led the Mughals to hope that they could use the English to counter the Portuguese on the sea. Therefore, Jahangir issued a farman in 1613, permitting the English to establish a factory permanently at Surat.

The correct order is (iii), (iv), (ii), (i)

Key Points

• Revolt of Mahabat Khan:
  • Mahabat Khan was a noble who had served Jahangir's father, Akbar, and Jahangir himself.
  • He became angry with Jahangir after being demoted from his position as governor of Punjab.
  • In 1626, Mahabat Khan led a rebellion against Jahangir, which was quickly put down by the emperor's forces.
  • Mahabat Khan was captured and imprisoned, and eventually died in captivity.
• Khurram was Viceroy of the Deccan:
  • Khurram was one of Jahangir's sons, who would later become the emperor Shah Jahan.
  • In 1615, Jahangir appointed Khurram as the viceroy of the Deccan region of India, which was a very important and lucrative post.
  • Khurram carried out several successful military campaigns in the Deccan during his tenure as viceroy, which increased his prestige and power.
• Captain Hawkins visit to his court:
  • Captain William Hawkins was an English trader who visited Jahangir's court in 1609.
  • He was the first Englishman to receive permission to establish a trading factory in India, which he did in Surat.
  • Hawkins' visit to Jahangir's court was marked by several misunderstandings and cultural clashes, but he was eventually able to establish a friendly relationship with the emperor.
• Sir Thomas Roe's arrival at Jahangir's court:
  • Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat who arrived at Jahangir's court in 1615.
  • He was sent by King James I to establish better trade relations with the Mughal Empire.

  • Roe was able to negotiate several important trade agreements with Jahangir, which helped to increase English trade in India.

Hence the correct chronological order is:

The administrative policy of the Company underwent frequent changes during the long period between 1757-1857, however, it never lost sight of its main objects which were to increase the Company’s profit, to enhance the profitability of its Indian possessions to Britain, and to maintain and strengthen the British hold over India; all other purposes were subordinated to these aims. The administrative machinery of the Government of India was designed and developed to serve these ends. The main emphasis in this respect was placed on the maintenance of law and order so that trade with India and exploitation of its resources could be carried on without disturbance.

The correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi in 1920
Key Points

• In about 1920, a number of trade unions were formed. The Madras Textile Labour union was formed in 1918 by B.P. Wadia which led the formation of another 14 unions during 1918-19.
• The active association of Mahatma Gandhi with the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association gave a new turn to the labour movement by applying the principle of non-violence.
• In 1890, M.N Lokhande established the Bombay Mill Hands Association. This was the first organized labour union in India.
• Tilak found the first home rule league at the Bombay provincial congress at Belgaum in April 1916 then after this Annie Besant founded the second league at Adyar Madras in September 1916.
• In subsequent years, a number of unions were formed such as:
  • (a)The Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants of India and Burma (for European and Anglo-Indian railway employees);
  • (b)The Printers’ Union of Calcutta, 1905;
  • (c)The Bombay Postal Union at Calcutta and Madras, 1907;
  • (d)The Kamgar Hitwardhak Sabha, 1909; and
  • (e)The Social Service League, 1910.

The correct answer is Barabar cave

Key Points

• Barabar caves are located in the Jehanabad district of Bihar state.
• It is the oldest surviving rock-cut cave related to the Maurya and Ashoka empire.
• The Palaeolithic Age is divided into three phases - Upper, Middle, and Lower Palaeolithic ages.
• In this era, the man completely relied on hunting and had no knowledge of cultivation and house building.
• There are some sites of Palaeolithic ages (Upper, Middle, and Lower) found in India, which is following -

Frederich Engels observed that "Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history".

Key Points

• When Karl Marx died the world believe that an immeasurable loss has been sustained both by the militant proletariat of Europe and America and by historical science.
• Another Marxist Frederich Engels observes Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history.
• The simple fact, hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing, before it can pursue politics, science, art, religion, etc.
• But that is not all. Marx also discovered the special law of motion governing the present-day capitalist mode of production, and the bourgeois society that this mode of production has created.

• Engels believes that two such discoveries would be enough for one lifetime, that happy the man to whom it is granted to make even one such discovery.

Hence, we can conclude that Frederich Engels observed that "Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history".

Important Points

• A. J. P. Taylor
  • ​A. J. P. Taylor was a British historian and journalist noted for his lectures on history and for his prose style.
  • Taylor's The Origins of the Second World War written between 1957-61 proved to be vastly controversial.
  • It challenged the then-accepted view that Hitler had been a uniquely evil plotter of war by presenting a view of Hitler as an opportunist, who had enjoyed much popular support in Germany and Austria.
  • Taylor's own statements such as "in principle and doctrine, Hitler was no more wicked and unscrupulous than many a contemporary statesman" outraged very many people who thought of racial imperialism.
• Charles A. Beard
  • ​As a scholar and historian, Charles A. Beard transformed the teaching and study of American history by stressing the "whole man," including the relationship of economic interests to politics.
  • This approach first appeared in his study of the men who attended the 1787 Constitutional Convention, An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution (1913).
• ​A. Marwick
  • ​Arthur Marwick was a major social historian and an outstanding teacher of history.
  • The subject of his most successful and seminal book, The Deluge (1965), a study of British society in the first world war.

The correct answer is Gangadhar Nehru.Key Points

• The introduction to Motilal Nehru's collected works states that “ Gangadhar Nehru held the position of kotwal of Delhi when the Uprising of 1857 erupted”.

Thus, Gangadhar Nehru was the Kotwal of Delhi before the Revolt of 1857.

Additional Information

• Mahavir Singh Rathore was an Indian revolutionary and independence fighter in the 1930s. Singh was a member of the Naujawan Bharat Sabha. He helped in the escape of Bhagat Singh, Batukeshwar Dutt, and Durgawati Devi from Mozang House in Lahore.
• Tantia Tope, also spelled Tatya Tope or Tantia Topi, original name Ramchandra Panduranga, (born c. 1813–19, Pune, India—died April 18, 1859, Shivpuri), a leader of the Indian Mutiny of 1857–58. Although he had no formal military training, he was probably the best and most effective of the rebels' generals.
• Jamna Das Thakur Das established an anti-non-cooperation movement assembly. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in August 1920 by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. It was the first nationwide mass movement that was launched to resist British rule in India through non-violent means.

"It did not attract the labor class in general", this is not true about the Quit India Movement of 1942.

On August 8, 1942, the Quit India Resolution was passed at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee and here Gandhi made a call to participate people in a non-violent way. The Quit India movement was largely supported by the labour class. Many Indian businessmen were profiting from heavy wartime spending and did not support Quit India. Many students paid more attention to Subhas Chandra Bose, who was in exile and supporting the Axis powers