Test: First Law of Thermodynamics - NEET MCQ

Zeroth law states that if two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third one, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Thus as it deals with thermal equilibrium it is very clear that it is a concept of temperature.

As change of state depends on both temperature and pressure, so, either method A or C can be used. We can understand this by ideal gas equation PV = nRT

∆ U = ∆ Q - ∆ W
In an adiabatic process ∆Q is zero, therefore
∆ U = - ∆ W

No, heat is not transferred as the flask is insulated from the surroundings ∴dQ=0

The internal energy of a system decreases by the same amount as the work done by the system.
 
Change in internal energy=work done+heat exchange
change in internal energy=work done if process has no heat exchange, i.e. it's adiabatic and the temperature must decrease
 

Wall that permits *heat" to flow through them,such as engine block is called diathermic wall.
wall Perfectly insulating ball that doesn't allow the flow heat to them are called adiabatic walls.

The change is internal energy if the system is equal to the difference between the heat added to the system and work done by the system.

The first law of thermodynamics states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant. Energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can neither be created nor destroyed.

According to this law, some of the heat given to system is used to change the internal energy while the rest in doing work by the system. Mathematically,

ΔQ=ΔU+ΔW

where,

ΔQ =  Heat supplied to the system

ΔW= Work done by the system.

ΔU = Change in the internal energy of the system.

If Q is positive, then there is a net heat transfer into the system, if  W is positive, then there is work done by the system. So positive Q adds energy to the system and positive W takes energy from the system.

It can also be represented as  ΔU=ΔQ-ΔW

We can say that internal energy tends to increase when heat is given to the system and vice versa.

We know that dq = dU + dW
And as dU =  60 and dq = 140J
We get dW = 140 - 60 = 80J

First law of thermodynamics is based on law of conservation of energy i.e. energy supplied to a system has to be used in raising the internal energy of the system. So heat supplied is used to carry out the process.
∆U = Q + W.