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Test: Fertilisation

20 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 12 | Test: Fertilisation

Description

Attempt Test: Fertilisation | 20 questions in 25 minutes | Mock test for NEET preparation | Free important questions MCQ to study Biology Class 12 for NEET Exam | Download free PDF with solutions

QUESTION: 1

Sperm activation in female reproductive tract is also known as:

A.
Acrosomal reaction
B.
Insemination
C.
Capacitation
D.
Spermiation

Solution:

In the female genital tract, some lipid is removed from the sperm surface to make it active or allow easy removal of enzymes known as capacitation.

QUESTION: 2

Capacitation occurs in:

A.
Epididymis
B.
Uterus
C.
Vagina
D.
Oviduct

Solution:

Capacitation occurs in Vagina to remove lipid from the surface of sperm to make it active.

QUESTION: 3

What layer of egg cells prevents entry of other sperms?

A.
Corpus luteum
B.
Zona pellucida
C.
Endometrium
D.
Corona radiata

Solution:

The sperm contacts the egg cell at zona pellucida. The zona pellucida then undergoes chemical changes which renders the egg insusceptible to further encounters with another sperm. This is essential to ensure that only a single sperm fertilizes the egg.

QUESTION: 4

The haploid ovum is also called as _____________.

A.
oogonium
B.
oocyte
C.
ootid
D.
osteoid

Solution:

The haploid ovum is formed after the second round of meiosis is completed. This haploid ovum is also called ootid. Oogonium is the egg mother cell that is diploid and undergoes meiosis to form an egg.

QUESTION: 5

Cortical granules release from the ovum to prevent______.

A.
Acrosomal reaction
B.
Polyspermy
C.
Capacitation
D.
All

Solution:

Cortical granule release from ovum due to penetration of one sperm which is responsible for preventing polyspermy.

QUESTION: 6

Enzyme for fertilization present in -

A.
Acrosome of Sperm
B.
Nucleus of Sperm
C.
Tail of Sperm
D.
None

Solution:

Acrosome of Sperm have enzymes for Sperm wall digestion.

QUESTION: 7

Location of fertilization is -

A.
Fallopian tube
B.
Ampulla
C.
Oviduct
D.
All

Solution:

Fertilization occurs in Ampullary-isthmic region of the fallopian tube.

Image showing fertilization in fallopian tube

QUESTION: 8

What is the correct order of travel of sperm through the female reproductive tract before it reaches the egg?

A.
Vagina → Fallopian tube → Uterus → Cervix
B.
Vagina → Cervix → Uterus → Oviduct
C.
Vagina → Uterus → Cervix → Oviduct
D.
Vagina → Fallopian tube → Cervix → Uterus

Solution:

Sperms are released into the vagina. From here, they travel through the cervix and uterus before reaching the oviduct or fallopian tube, where they can encounter an egg.

QUESTION: 9

Number of meiosis II in female is Equal to -

A.
Total no. of oogonia
B.
Total no. of primary oocyte
C.
Total no. of Ovum release from Ovary
D.
Total no. of fertilization of ovum

Solution:

Total no. of meiosis II is equal to total no. of fertilization.

QUESTION: 10

Which of the following is generally least in number?

A.
First polar body
B.
Second polar body
C.
Primary follicle
D.
Secondary oocyte

Solution:

Second polar body is the result of meiosis II occuring after fertilization so it least in number.

QUESTION: 11

During a menstrual cycle, copulation on which of the following phases has the least probability of fertilizing an egg?

A.
End of the follicular phase
B.
Onset of follicular phase
C.
Menstrual phase
D.
End of the luteal phase

Solution:

The menstrual phase is the first phase of the menstrual cycle. This is the part of the cycle when a person has their period.

The cycle starts when the egg from the previous menstrual cycle does not become fertilized. Hormone levels of estrogen and progesterone drop.

Because the thickened uterine lining is not needed, it will break down and shed. This lining and the egg then exit through the vagina during the menstrual period.

Fertilization occurs only when the egg and sperm are present in the ampulla at the same time. Hence the coitus should happen near the period of ovulation. Ovulation occurs at the end of the follicular phase or the onset of luteal phase.

QUESTION: 12

Polyspermy is prevented by:

A.
Depolarization of membrane.
B.
Formation of fertilization membrane.
C.
Cortical reaction.
D.
All of these.

Solution:

Polyspermy is prevented by Depolarization of membranes due to entry of sperm leading to influx of Ca+ ions and then cortical granules release to prevent further fusion of sperms.

QUESTION: 13

Which is true about Fertilizin -

A.
Fertilizin (composed of glycoprotein = monosaccharides + amino acids)
B.
Fertilizin (composed of lipid)
C.
Fertilizin (composed of monosaccharides)
D.
None

Solution:

Fertilizin is present on the outermost layer of the ovum or the egg of the female gamete.
Fertilizin is made up of glycoproteins or say mucopolysaccharide and is present as a chemical sheet on the egg.

QUESTION: 14

Antifertilizin is located on:

A.
Ovum
B.
Uterus wall
C.
Sperm head
D.
All

Solution:

Antifertilizin is located on the sperm head which promotes Fertilizin and antifertilizin reaction between sperm and ovum.

QUESTION: 15

The chemical substance called fertilizin performs which of the following function:

A.
It activates the sperm.
B.
It attracts the sperm by positive chemotaxis.
C.
agglutination of sperm.
D.
None

Solution:

Egg (ovum) secretes a chemical named fertilizin (composed of glycoprotein = monosaccharides + amino acids) and sperm has on its surface a protein substance called antifertilizin (composed of acidic amino acids).
The fertilizin of an egg interacts with the antifertilizin of a sperm of the same species and responsible for Agglutination.

QUESTION: 16

The most important significance of fertilizin & antifertilizin reaction is to:

A.
Preserve the sperm.
B.
Ensure that at least few spermatozoa encounter the egg.
C.
Mutually attract the gametes of opposite sexes.
D.
Ensure fusion of gametes of the same species.

Solution:

A fertilizin is a proteoglycan secreted from the cortical region of the egg cytoplasm, that interacts with the antifertilizin of the sperm of the same species. This makes the sperms stick to the surface of the egg.
An antifertilizin is a protein present in the plasma membrane of the sperm.
Fertilizin acts as a receptor for antifertilizin and the reaction between fertilizin and antifertilizin makes the sperm more capable of fertilizing the egg of the same species.

QUESTION: 17

In which of the following fertilization occurs externally in water?

A.
Hydra
B.
Frog
C.
Both
D.
None

Solution:

Amphibians produce unfertilized eggsin the outer Lower aquatic species, such as Hydra, fishes, and amphibians, exhibit external fertilisation, whereas higher animal species, such as birds and mammals, exhibit internal fertilisation.environment.

Image showing fertilization in frogs

QUESTION: 18

Fertilization can be correctly defined as fusion of:

A.
Male and female gametes of the same species.
B.
Cytoplasm of male & female gametes.
C.
two gametes.
D.
Male & female pronuclei.

Solution:

Fertilization is defined as a process of fusion of male and female gametes. The gametes are special haploid cells. The most widely accepted definition of species is the biological species- according to which members of same species alone can carry on the process of sexual reproduction (including fertilization) and produce fertile offspring.

Image showing fertilization

QUESTION: 19

Polyspermy is normally prevented by:

A.
The fertilizin and antifertilizin reaction.
B.
Repulsion of excess sperm by ova.
C.
In ability of some sperm to penetrate ova.
D.
Formation of fertilization membrane.

Solution:

The fertilization of the ovum with only one sperm is termed as monospermy and causes the fertilization membrane to prevent the entry of other sperm. So, the correct answer is, 'Formation of fertilization membrane. '.

QUESTION: 20

Ectopic pregnancy can occur in:

A.
Cervix
B.
Fallopian tubes
C.
Abdominal cavity
D.
All of these

Solution:

Ectopic pregnancy occurs in regions other than the uterus.
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus.
Most ectopic pregnancies (90%) occur in the fallopian tube, which are known as tubal pregnancies, but implantation can also occur on the cervix, ovaries, cesarean scar, or within the abdomen.