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Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Humanities/Arts MCQ


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16 Questions MCQ Test Political Science Class 12 - Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions

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Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 1

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On 14-15 August 1947, not one but two nation-states came into existence – India and Pakistan. This was a result of ‘partition’, the division of British India into India and Pakistan. The drawing of the border demarcating the territory of each country marked the culmination of political developments that you have read about in the history textbooks. According to the ‘two-nation theory’ advanced by the Muslim League, India consisted of not one but two ‘people’, Hindus and Muslims. That is why it demanded Pakistan, a separate country for the Muslims. The Congress opposed this theory and the demand for Pakistan. But several political developments in 1940s, the political competition between the Congress and the Muslim League and the British role led to the decision for the creation of Pakistan.

Which theory played a crucial role in the creation of Pakistan?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 1
  • The Two-Nation Theory was proposed by the Muslim League, which argued that India consisted of two different 'people,' Hindus and Muslims.
  • This theory demanded a separate nation for Muslims, leading to the creation of Pakistan.
Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 2

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On 14-15 August 1947, not one but two nation-states came into existence – India and Pakistan. This was a result of ‘partition’, the division of British India into India and Pakistan. The drawing of the border demarcating the territory of each country marked the culmination of political developments that you have read about in the history textbooks. According to the ‘two-nation theory’ advanced by the Muslim League, India consisted of not one but two ‘people’, Hindus and Muslims. That is why it demanded Pakistan, a separate country for the Muslims. The Congress opposed this theory and the demand for Pakistan. But several political developments in 1940s, the political competition between the Congress and the Muslim League and the British role led to the decision for the creation of Pakistan.

What was a significant factor in the decision to create Pakistan?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 2

The political competition between the Congress and the Muslim League in the 1940s, along with the British role, was a significant factor in the decision to create Pakistan.

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Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 3

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On 14-15 August 1947, not one but two nation-states came into existence – India and Pakistan. This was a result of ‘partition’, the division of British India into India and Pakistan. The drawing of the border demarcating the territory of each country marked the culmination of political developments that you have read about in the history textbooks. According to the ‘two-nation theory’ advanced by the Muslim League, India consisted of not one but two ‘people’, Hindus and Muslims. That is why it demanded Pakistan, a separate country for the Muslims. The Congress opposed this theory and the demand for Pakistan. But several political developments in 1940s, the political competition between the Congress and the Muslim League and the British role led to the decision for the creation of Pakistan.

How did the Congress respond to the demand for Pakistan?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 3

The Congress opposed the Two-Nation Theory and the demand for Pakistan, as they believed in a united India.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 4

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On 14-15 August 1947, not one but two nation-states came into existence – India and Pakistan. This was a result of ‘partition’, the division of British India into India and Pakistan. The drawing of the border demarcating the territory of each country marked the culmination of political developments that you have read about in the history textbooks. According to the ‘two-nation theory’ advanced by the Muslim League, India consisted of not one but two ‘people’, Hindus and Muslims. That is why it demanded Pakistan, a separate country for the Muslims. The Congress opposed this theory and the demand for Pakistan. But several political developments in 1940s, the political competition between the Congress and the Muslim League and the British role led to the decision for the creation of Pakistan.

What event marked the culmination of political developments in British India leading to partition?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 4

The drawing of the border demarcating the territories of India and Pakistan was the final step in the series of political developments that led to the partition.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 5

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The interim government took a firm stance against the possible division of India into small principalities of different sizes. The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress and took the view that the States should be free to adopt any course they liked. Sardar Patel was India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the crucial period immediately following Independence. He played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of princely states firmly but diplomatically and bringing most of them into the Indian Union. It may look easy now. But it was a very complicated task which required skilful persuasion. For instance, there were 26 small states in today’s Orissa. Saurashtra region of Gujarat had 14 big states, 119 small states and numerous other different administrations. The government’s approach was guided by three considerations. Firstly, the people of most of the princely states clearly wanted to become part of the Indian union. Secondly, the government was prepared to be flexible in giving autonomy to some regions. The idea was to accommodate plurality and adopt a flexible approach in dealing with the demands of the regions. Thirdly, in the backdrop of Partition which brought into focus the contest over demarcation of territory, the integration and consolidation of the territorial boundaries of the nation had assumed supreme importance.

What was Sardar Patel’s role in post-Independence India?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 5

Sardar Patel was India's Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister during the crucial period following Independence, playing a key role in integrating princely states into the Indian Union.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 6

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The interim government took a firm stance against the possible division of India into small principalities of different sizes. The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress and took the view that the States should be free to adopt any course they liked. Sardar Patel was India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the crucial period immediately following Independence. He played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of princely states firmly but diplomatically and bringing most of them into the Indian Union. It may look easy now. But it was a very complicated task which required skilful persuasion. For instance, there were 26 small states in today’s Orissa. Saurashtra region of Gujarat had 14 big states, 119 small states and numerous other different administrations. The government’s approach was guided by three considerations. Firstly, the people of most of the princely states clearly wanted to become part of the Indian union. Secondly, the government was prepared to be flexible in giving autonomy to some regions. The idea was to accommodate plurality and adopt a flexible approach in dealing with the demands of the regions. Thirdly, in the backdrop of Partition which brought into focus the contest over demarcation of territory, the integration and consolidation of the territorial boundaries of the nation had assumed supreme importance.

How did the Indian government approach the integration of princely states?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 6

The Indian government's approach was flexible, allowing for autonomy in some regions while ensuring integration, particularly in the context of the challenges posed by Partition.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 7

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The interim government took a firm stance against the possible division of India into small principalities of different sizes. The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress and took the view that the States should be free to adopt any course they liked. Sardar Patel was India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the crucial period immediately following Independence. He played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of princely states firmly but diplomatically and bringing most of them into the Indian Union. It may look easy now. But it was a very complicated task which required skilful persuasion. For instance, there were 26 small states in today’s Orissa. Saurashtra region of Gujarat had 14 big states, 119 small states and numerous other different administrations. The government’s approach was guided by three considerations. Firstly, the people of most of the princely states clearly wanted to become part of the Indian union. Secondly, the government was prepared to be flexible in giving autonomy to some regions. The idea was to accommodate plurality and adopt a flexible approach in dealing with the demands of the regions. Thirdly, in the backdrop of Partition which brought into focus the contest over demarcation of territory, the integration and consolidation of the territorial boundaries of the nation had assumed supreme importance.

What was the Muslim League’s view on the status of princely states?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 7

The Muslim League opposed the Congress's stance and believed that the princely states should have the freedom to decide their own future.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 8

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The interim government took a firm stance against the possible division of India into small principalities of different sizes. The Muslim League opposed the Indian National Congress and took the view that the States should be free to adopt any course they liked. Sardar Patel was India’s Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister during the crucial period immediately following Independence. He played a historic role in negotiating with the rulers of princely states firmly but diplomatically and bringing most of them into the Indian Union. It may look easy now. But it was a very complicated task which required skilful persuasion. For instance, there were 26 small states in today’s Orissa. Saurashtra region of Gujarat had 14 big states, 119 small states and numerous other different administrations. The government’s approach was guided by three considerations. Firstly, the people of most of the princely states clearly wanted to become part of the Indian union. Secondly, the government was prepared to be flexible in giving autonomy to some regions. The idea was to accommodate plurality and adopt a flexible approach in dealing with the demands of the regions. Thirdly, in the backdrop of Partition which brought into focus the contest over demarcation of territory, the integration and consolidation of the territorial boundaries of the nation had assumed supreme importance.

What was one of the key challenges the interim government faced regarding the princely states?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 8

The interim government was firm on preventing the division of India into numerous small principalities, a significant challenge during the integration process.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 9

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The process of nation-building did not come to an end with Partition and integration of Princely States. Now the challenge was to draw the internal boundaries of the Indian states. This was not just a matter of administrative divisions. The boundaries had to be drawn in a way so that the linguistic and cultural plurality of the country could be reflected without affecting the unity of the nation. During colonial rule, the state boundaries were drawn either on administrative convenience or simply coincided with the territories annexed by the British government or the territories ruled by the princely powers. Our national movement had rejected these divisions as artificial and had promised the linguistic principle as the basis of formation of states. In fact after the Nagpur session of Congress in 1920 the principle was recognised as the basis of the reorganisation of the Indian National Congress party itself. Many Provincial Congress Committees were created by linguistic zones, which did not follow the administrative divisions of British India.

What was the main challenge in drawing the internal boundaries of Indian states after Partition and integration?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 9

The challenge was to draw boundaries that respected the linguistic and cultural plurality of India while maintaining the unity of the nation.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 10

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The process of nation-building did not come to an end with Partition and integration of Princely States. Now the challenge was to draw the internal boundaries of the Indian states. This was not just a matter of administrative divisions. The boundaries had to be drawn in a way so that the linguistic and cultural plurality of the country could be reflected without affecting the unity of the nation. During colonial rule, the state boundaries were drawn either on administrative convenience or simply coincided with the territories annexed by the British government or the territories ruled by the princely powers. Our national movement had rejected these divisions as artificial and had promised the linguistic principle as the basis of formation of states. In fact after the Nagpur session of Congress in 1920 the principle was recognised as the basis of the reorganisation of the Indian National Congress party itself. Many Provincial Congress Committees were created by linguistic zones, which did not follow the administrative divisions of British India.

How were the boundaries of Indian states drawn during colonial rule?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 10

During colonial rule, state boundaries were drawn for administrative convenience or coincided with territories annexed by the British.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 11

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The process of nation-building did not come to an end with Partition and integration of Princely States. Now the challenge was to draw the internal boundaries of the Indian states. This was not just a matter of administrative divisions. The boundaries had to be drawn in a way so that the linguistic and cultural plurality of the country could be reflected without affecting the unity of the nation. During colonial rule, the state boundaries were drawn either on administrative convenience or simply coincided with the territories annexed by the British government or the territories ruled by the princely powers. Our national movement had rejected these divisions as artificial and had promised the linguistic principle as the basis of formation of states. In fact after the Nagpur session of Congress in 1920 the principle was recognised as the basis of the reorganisation of the Indian National Congress party itself. Many Provincial Congress Committees were created by linguistic zones, which did not follow the administrative divisions of British India.

What principle did the Indian National Congress adopt after the Nagpur session in 1920?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 11

The Congress adopted the linguistic principle as the basis for reorganizing itself, which later influenced state formation in independent India.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 12

Read the following passage and answer the question.

The process of nation-building did not come to an end with Partition and integration of Princely States. Now the challenge was to draw the internal boundaries of the Indian states. This was not just a matter of administrative divisions. The boundaries had to be drawn in a way so that the linguistic and cultural plurality of the country could be reflected without affecting the unity of the nation. During colonial rule, the state boundaries were drawn either on administrative convenience or simply coincided with the territories annexed by the British government or the territories ruled by the princely powers. Our national movement had rejected these divisions as artificial and had promised the linguistic principle as the basis of formation of states. In fact after the Nagpur session of Congress in 1920 the principle was recognised as the basis of the reorganisation of the Indian National Congress party itself. Many Provincial Congress Committees were created by linguistic zones, which did not follow the administrative divisions of British India.

Why were the divisions created by the British rejected by the Indian national movement?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 12

The Indian national movement rejected British divisions as artificial because they did not reflect the linguistic and cultural identities of the people.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 13

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On the 15th August 1947 Mahatma Gandhi did not participate in any of the Independence Day celebrations. He was in Kolkata in the areas which were torn by gruesome riots between Hindus and Muslims. He was saddened by the communal violence and disheartened that the principles of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (active but non-violent resistance) that he had lived and worked for, had failed to bind the people in troubled times. Gandhiji went on to persuade the Hindus and Muslims to give up violence. His presence in Kolkata greatly improved the situation, and the coming of independence was celebrated in a spirit of communal harmony, with joyous dancing in the streets. Gandhiji’s prayer meetings attracted large crowds. But this was short lived as riots between Hindus and Muslims erupted once again and Gandhiji had to resort to a fast to bring peace

Why did Mahatma Gandhi not participate in the Independence Day celebrations on 15th August 1947?

A) He was ill
B)
C)
D)

Answer: C) He was in Kolkata trying to stop communal violence
Explanation:

  • Gandhi was in Kolkata during Independence Day, focusing on stopping communal violence between Hindus and Muslims, rather than celebrating.
Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 13

Gandhi was in Kolkata during Independence Day, focusing on stopping communal violence between Hindus and Muslims, rather than celebrating.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 14

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On the 15th August 1947 Mahatma Gandhi did not participate in any of the Independence Day celebrations. He was in Kolkata in the areas which were torn by gruesome riots between Hindus and Muslims. He was saddened by the communal violence and disheartened that the principles of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (active but non-violent resistance) that he had lived and worked for, had failed to bind the people in troubled times. Gandhiji went on to persuade the Hindus and Muslims to give up violence. His presence in Kolkata greatly improved the situation, and the coming of independence was celebrated in a spirit of communal harmony, with joyous dancing in the streets. Gandhiji’s prayer meetings attracted large crowds. But this was short lived as riots between Hindus and Muslims erupted once again and Gandhiji had to resort to a fast to bring peace.

What did Gandhi feel had failed during the communal riots in Kolkata?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 14

Gandhi was disheartened because the principles of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (non-violent resistance) had failed to keep peace during the riots.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 15

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On the 15th August 1947 Mahatma Gandhi did not participate in any of the Independence Day celebrations. He was in Kolkata in the areas which were torn by gruesome riots between Hindus and Muslims. He was saddened by the communal violence and disheartened that the principles of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (active but non-violent resistance) that he had lived and worked for, had failed to bind the people in troubled times. Gandhiji went on to persuade the Hindus and Muslims to give up violence. His presence in Kolkata greatly improved the situation, and the coming of independence was celebrated in a spirit of communal harmony, with joyous dancing in the streets. Gandhiji’s prayer meetings attracted large crowds. But this was short lived as riots between Hindus and Muslims erupted once again and Gandhiji had to resort to a fast to bring peace.

How did Gandhi attempt to restore peace during the riots in Kolkata?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 15

Gandhi held prayer meetings and later resorted to a fast to bring about peace in the riot-affected areas.

Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 16

Read the following passage and answer the question.

On the 15th August 1947 Mahatma Gandhi did not participate in any of the Independence Day celebrations. He was in Kolkata in the areas which were torn by gruesome riots between Hindus and Muslims. He was saddened by the communal violence and disheartened that the principles of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (active but non-violent resistance) that he had lived and worked for, had failed to bind the people in troubled times. Gandhiji went on to persuade the Hindus and Muslims to give up violence. His presence in Kolkata greatly improved the situation, and the coming of independence was celebrated in a spirit of communal harmony, with joyous dancing in the streets. Gandhiji’s prayer meetings attracted large crowds. But this was short lived as riots between Hindus and Muslims erupted once again and Gandhiji had to resort to a fast to bring peace

What was the initial impact of Gandhi’s presence in Kolkata during the Independence period?

Detailed Solution for Test: Challenges of Nation-Building- Case Based Type Questions - Question 16

Gandhi’s presence greatly improved the situation initially, bringing about communal harmony and celebrations, although this peace was short-lived.

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