Test: General Study of Carbonyl Compounds - NEET MCQ

In carbonyl bonds b/w O and C, C is electrophilic centre(centre which needs electron as it is deficient in it) and O is nucleophilic centre(centre which needs +ve charge as it has excess charge).  Also, C=O bond is polarised with O having partial negative charge and C having partial positive charge.

The Isomers of C₃H₆O include:

Hence we can see that a total of 11 isomers of C₃H₆O are possible.

• Isobutyraldehyde is the chemical compound with the formula (CH₃)₂CHCHO.
  
• It is an aldehyde, isomeric with n-butyraldehyde.
• Isobutyraldehyde is manufactured, often as a side-product, by the hydroformylation of propene. Its odour is described as that of wet cereal or straw.

The IUPAC name of (CH₃)₂CHCHO is 2-methylpropanal and its chemical name is Isobutyraldehyde.

Alcohol is the group in which (carbonyl) group is not present. Aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids all have a carbonyl group present in them. Aldehydes have group, ketones have a group and carboxylic acids have a group.

Hence A is correct.

Acetone (CH₃COCH₃) and Propanal (CH₃CH₂CHO) are functional isomers.

• Acetone:
  
• Propanal:
  

• The functional group is an aldehyde; −CHO and the given compound has two carbon atoms.
• Thus, the IUPAC name of the compound is ethanal.
  

IUPAC name of acrolein is prop-2-enal, a name derived from that of acrylic acid, the parent carboxylic acid.

• The first bond formed is a sigma bind and the second one is a pi bond.
• O has a higher electronegativity than C and hence the electron cloud will be shifted towards the O atom, making the compound polar.
• This is not possible in C=C.

Functional isomers

Explanation: Propanone (CH3COCH3) and prop-2-en-1-ol (CH2=CHCH2OH) are examples of functional isomers because they have the same molecular formula (C3H6O) but different functional groups. Propanone has a carbonyl group (C=O) while prop-2-en-1-ol has an alcohol group (OH) and a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C).