Test: Electric Dipole - JEE MCQ

Ionic behavior implies dipole moment.

HCl is an ionic compound (H⁺Cl^-)
CO₂, CH₄ and BF₃  is a covalent compound

Stable equilibrium is attained when potential energy of the dipole system is minimum which is possible at an inclination of 0°.

On equatorial line, the direction of electric field is reversed to that of angle of axial line. Therefore, the angle between dipole moment and electric field is 180°.

An electric dipole is a separation of positive and negative charges. The simplest example of this is a pair of electric charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign, separated by some (usually small) distance. A permanent electric dipole is called an electret.

The electric field strength of a short dipole decreases as the distance from the dipole increases.

This relationship follows an inverse cube law, meaning the field strength is proportional to 1/r³ (where r is the distance).

As you move further away, the field becomes weaker more rapidly compared to point charges.

The dipole's field pattern is directional, meaning the field lines spread out from the positive to the negative charge.

q= 4μc = 4 x 10^-6c
2l = 5mm = 5 x 10^-3m
Dipole moment  P = q.2l
= 4 x 10^-6 x 5 x 10^-3
= 20 x 10^-9
= 2 x 10 x 10^-9
= 2 x 10^-8 c.m 

its direction is toward the positive charge.

Electric flux is a scalar quantity. It is a scalar because it is the dot product of two vector quantities, electric field and the perpendicular differential area.

By definition of Electric Dipole

+Q charge is moving on equatorial line of dipole as shown in figure, since on equatorial line V=0,
Hence the potential difference is zero. So, W=0

Torque on a dipole kept in external electric field is given by the expression,