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Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - CTET & State TET MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 for CTET & State TET 2024 is part of NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) preparation. The Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the CTET & State TET exam syllabus.The Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 MCQs are made for CTET & State TET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 below.
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Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 1

In which year largest cyclone-hit Andhra Pradesh displaced 63,40,000 people?

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 1

The largest cyclone that hit Andhra Pradesh, displacing 63,40,000 people, occurred in 1990. This cyclone is remembered for its severe impact on the region, leading to significant displacements and damage. This year marks the occurrence of the devastating cyclone, highlighting the profound effects natural disasters can have on densely populated regions.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 2

Statement I: The design and construction of buildings in earthquake-prone zones must include earthquake-resistant features.

Statement II: High-rise buildings and large urban centers are encouraged in areas vulnerable to earthquakes.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 2
  • Statement I is true as incorporating earthquake-resistant designs is crucial for safety in earthquake-prone areas.
  • Statement II is false because building high-rise structures in such zones increases the risk and potential damage during seismic events.
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Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 3

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. Each country has the sovereign responsibility to protect its citizens from natural disasters.

ii. The Yokohama Strategy prioritizes developed countries over developing countries in disaster management.

iii. The decade 1990-2000 was declared the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction.

iv. The plan emphasizes the importance of local community participation in disaster preparedness.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 3

- Statement i is correct as the Yokohama Strategy emphasizes that each country holds the responsibility for the safety of its citizens during natural disasters.

- Statement ii is incorrect; the strategy explicitly prioritizes attention to developing countries, particularly the least developed.

- Statement iii is correct; the decade 1990-2000 was indeed declared as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction.

- Statement iv is correct as it highlights the importance of local community participation in disaster preparedness as stated in the plan.

Thus, the correct statements are i, iii, and iv, making Option B the right answer.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 4

Assertion (A): Earthquakes can lead to significant socio-environmental challenges, particularly in densely populated areas.
Reason (R): Earthquakes primarily destroy physical infrastructure, but have little impact on social and cultural dynamics.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 4

The assertion is correct; earthquakes do pose severe socio-environmental challenges in densely populated regions, leading to homelessness and loss of cultural heritage.

The reason is false; while earthquakes indeed damage infrastructure, they also disrupt social structures and cultural dynamics, making the assertion's impact broader than just physical destruction.

Therefore, the reason is false, leading to Option C being the correct answer.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 5

Match the following terms with their description correctly-

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 5
  • (a) Earthquakes are directly linked to tectonic activities, hence matching with description 4 (Sudden energy release during earth's crust movements).
  • (b) Tsunamis are large ocean waves triggered by underwater disturbances, aligning with description 2.
  • (c) Tropical Cyclones are described as intense low-pressure systems with strong winds, fitting description 3.
  • (d) Droughts involve prolonged water shortages, corresponding to description 1.
Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 6

Assertion (A): Natural disasters can occur with little or no warning, leading to extensive damage and disruption to communities.
Reason (R): The preparedness and early warning systems are crucial in mitigating the impacts of these disasters.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 6

- The assertion is true as natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods often strike suddenly, leaving little time for communities to prepare.

- The reason is also true since effective preparedness and early warning systems can significantly reduce the adverse effects of disasters.

- The reason correctly explains the assertion because preparedness and early warning systems directly relate to how communities can respond to the sudden onset of natural disasters, thus mitigating their impacts.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 7

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. Earthquakes associated with volcanic eruptions have a more extensive reach compared to tectonic earthquakes.

ii. The Indian plate is moving approximately one centimeter per year towards the north and northeast.

iii. The National Institute of Disaster Management classifies regions into five earthquake damage risk zones.

iv. The Deccan plateau is categorized as a very high damage risk zone due to tectonic activity.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 7

- Statement i is incorrect. Tectonic earthquakes are more destructive and have a wider reach than those associated with volcanic eruptions.

- Statement ii is correct. The Indian plate indeed moves about one centimeter annually towards the north and northeast.

- Statement iii is correct. The National Institute of Disaster Management classifies regions into five earthquake damage risk zones.

- Statement iv is incorrect. The Deccan plateau is considered stable and is categorized under low to very low damage risk zones.

Thus, the correct statements are ii and iii, making Option A the correct answer.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 8

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

i. Tsunamis are caused by the abrupt movement of the sea-floor due to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

ii. Tropical cyclones can form in regions with a lack of warm, moist air.

iii. The eye of the storm in a tropical cyclone is characterized by high pressure and cloud cover.

iv. Tsunamis typically cause more devastation near the coast compared to their impact at sea.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 8

- Statement i is correct because tsunamis result from the sudden displacement of water caused by underwater earthquakes and volcanic activity.

- Statement ii is incorrect; tropical cyclones require a large supply of warm, moist air to form.

- Statement iii is incorrect; the eye of the storm is a low-pressure area that is typically cloudless, not high pressure.

- Statement iv is correct as tsunamis generally have less impact at sea and can cause significant destruction when they reach coastal areas.

Thus, the correct statements are i and iv, making Option D the right answer.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 9

Assertion (A): Tsunamis primarily cause more devastation near coastal areas than in the open ocean.
Reason (R): The speed of tsunami waves increases in deeper waters, minimizing their impact at sea.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 9

- Assertion (A) is true. Tsunamis, due to their wave characteristics and behavior, do indeed cause more significant damage when they reach shallow coastal waters rather than in the deep ocean.

- Reason (R) is also true. The speed of tsunami waves is affected by water depth; they travel faster in deeper water. However, this does not explain why they cause more destruction near the coast. Instead, the wave height increases as they approach shallower waters, which is the primary cause of coastal devastation.

- Therefore, while both statements are true, the reason provided does not correctly explain the assertion.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 10

Where is the Tsunami Warning Center located in India?

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 10

Hyderabad is home to the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), which includes the Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre (ITEWC). Established after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the ITEWC is equipped to detect tsunamigenic earthquakes and issue tsunami warnings and alerts. It utilizes seismic data, sea level information from coastal tide gauges, and deep ocean buoys to assess potential tsunami threats and disseminate timely warnings to mitigate the impact on coastal communities.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 11

The two atom bombs in World war II has been dropped on which of the following:

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 11

The two atomic bombs during World War II were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. These bombings are significant historical events, marking the only instances of nuclear weapons being used in warfare, which led to the immediate and long-term devastation of both cities and contributed significantly to the end of World War II.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 12

What is the range of the intensity scale used in measuring earthquakes?

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 12

The intensity of earthquakes is measured on a scale known as the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale, which describes the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface, humans, objects of nature, and man-made structures on a scale of I to XII. Each increasing number indicates a greater level of damage to structures and a more noticeable impact on people.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 13

Which of the statements given above is/are correct regarding the socio-environmental consequences and mitigation of earthquakes?

i. Earthquakes primarily affect rural areas and have minimal impact on urban environments.

ii. The destruction caused by earthquakes can lead to the loss of socio-cultural gains preserved by affected populations.

iii. Establishing earthquake monitoring centers can facilitate timely information dissemination to vulnerable areas.

iv. Modifying building designs to be earthquake-resistant is not necessary in high-risk areas.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 13

Statement i is incorrect because earthquakes can have devastating impacts on densely populated urban areas. Statement ii is correct as earthquakes can lead to significant losses in cultural and material aspects of communities. Statement iii is also correct, as monitoring centers can help provide vital information during such disasters.
Statement iv is incorrect; modifying building designs to be more resistant to earthquakes is essential in high-risk areas to minimize damage and casualties. Thus, the correct answer is that statements ii and iii are correct.

Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 14

Arrange the following events in the order they are likely to impact an area after a major earthquake:

i. Disruption of transport and communication links
ii. Immediate rescue and relief operations
iii. Rehabilitation and recovery of victims
iv. Structural damage to buildings and infrastructure

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 14
  • iv Structural damages are the initial direct impacts of an earthquake.
  • i Following structural damages, transport and communication disruptions occur.
  • ii Rescue and relief operations are then mobilized to assist affected individuals.
  • iii Long-term rehabilitation and recovery efforts are undertaken last.
Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 15

Assertion (A): The Yokohama Strategy emphasizes the sovereign responsibility of countries to protect their citizens from natural disasters.
Reason (R): The strategy prioritizes developing countries, especially the least developed and land-locked nations, in disaster prevention efforts.

Detailed Solution for Test: Natural Hazards & Disasters - 2 - Question 15
  • The Assertion is true because the Yokohama Strategy indeed states that each country has a sovereign responsibility to protect its citizens from natural disasters.
  • The Reason is also true as the strategy specifically emphasizes giving priority to developing countries, which includes the least developed and land-locked countries.
  • The Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion because prioritizing these countries directly supports the overarching assertion of sovereign responsibility.
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