Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.
Solicit
Sanction means official permission or approval for action.
Scum means a layer of dirt or froth on the surface of a liquid.
Disguise means to give someone or oneself a different appearance in order to conceal one's identity.
Thus, option A is the correct answer.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
Although his brother is blind, he is very fast _________ calculations.
"In" = used for expressing the situation of something that is or appears to be enclosed or surrounded by something else.
"With" = accompanied by another person or thing.
"About" = concerning.
"At" = used to show the activity in which someone's ability is being judged.
Since doing fast calculations is an ability, so the preposition "at" is used here.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
Two trains one 160 m and the other 140 m long are running in opposite directions on parallel rails, the first at 77 km an hour and the other at 67 km an hour. How long will they take to cross each other?
Further, if their lengths are x and y km.
Then, time is taken to cross each other =
Here, total length = 160 + 140 = 300 m
Relative speed = (77 + 67) km/h = 144 km/h
In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word similar in meaning to the given word.
Conjecture
In the following question, a sentence is given with blanks to be filled in with an appropriate word(s). Select the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it by selecting the appropriate option.
He is _____ rich, yet he _____ about high taxes.
Option A: Obscenely means morally wrong, often describing something that is wrong because it is too large. It fits in the first blank as the sentence means to say that a person is very much rich. The verb "whine" means to make a sound similar to such a cry. It also fits in the second blank and gives a meaning to the sentence. The complete sentence means to say that he is very rich but still he does not want to pay taxes and cry about it.
Option B: The use of adjective "very" seems correct in the first blank field. However, the second word "careless" makes the option an incorrect choice. It is because the sentence requires a verb while "careless" is an adjective.
Option C: This option is also incorrect as both the words does not give any meaning to the sentence and are grammatically incorrect too.
Option D: Although, both the words fits in the blanks grammatically, they fail to convey the correct meaning in the sentence.
Thus, option A is the correct answer.
If a landlord sell a portion of land for Rs. 40000, one-fourth of the outlay was gained. What should be the selling price in order to have loss of 25%?
Now, SP in order to have loss of 25% =
= Rs. 24000
In the following question, a sentence is given with a blank to be filled in with an appropriate word. Select the correct alternative out of the four and indicate it by selecting the appropriate option.
The little boy ran ____ fast that he was ____ for breath.
Hence, ‘so, gasping’ is the most suitable response.
The product of two numbers is 2028 and their H.C.F is 13. The numbers of such pair is:
Let the numbers be 13a and 13b.
Then, 13a × 13b = 2028
ab = 2028/169 = 12
Now, the co-primes with product 12 are (1, 12) and (3, 4).
So, the required numbers are (13 × 1, 13 × 12) and (13 × 3, 13 × 4).
Clearly, there are 2 such pairs.
Hence, option B is correct.
Numbers of boys and girls are 'x' and 'y' respectively; ages of one girl and one boy are 'a' years and 'b' years respectively. The average age (in years) of all the boys and girls collectively is-
According to the question: Numbers of boys and girls are 'x' and 'y' respectively; ages of one boy and one girl are 'b' years and 'a' years respectively.
Average = sum of observations/no of observations
Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The bar graph given below shows the percentage distribution of the total expenditures of a company under various expense heads during 2013.
Percentage Distribution of Total Expenditure of a Company
The total amount of expenditure of the company is how many times of the expenditure on Advertisements?
Let the total Expenditure be Rs. X Then, the expenditure on Advertisements = Rs. (15% of x)
Ratio of the total exp excitiore to the expenditure on Advertisements
Hence the total expenditure is 20/3 times the expenditure on Advertisement.
Given the feedback as unity and open loop transfer function as
For k=1, the gain margin is 18db. When the gain margin is 10dB,k is
For k = 1
Gain margin = 18 ab
For k =?
Gain margin = 10ab
We knaw Gm = 20 log 10
A 50 Hz, 8 pole generator with H = 6 MJ/MVA delivers 1 p.u. to an infinite bus has and supply 45% of peak power capacity as shown. A 3 – Φ fault occur at the point F. find the critical clearing time (in seconds)?
0.45Pm = 1
Applying equal area criteria
Integrating on both sides
Again integrating,
Determine the input and output impedances of the given network.
zb=βre+(β+1)RE
⇒Zb=150×3.8+151×1×103=151.57kΩ
The input impedance of the network is given as,
Similarly, the output impedance of the network is given as, Zo = Rc = 3.5 Ω
Find the Laplacian of the scalar field
V = 10r sin2 θ cosø
lf
And Laplace transform of f(t) = F (s) = s~3/2
Then Laplace transform of g(t) if g(t) =
A 50 Hz, 4 pole Turbogenerator rated at 110 MVA, 112 KV has an inertia consultant of 10 MJ/MVA. Mechanical input is suddenly rise to 100 MW from 70 MW then the rotor acceleration is
M = 10M/MM/AW5 = 2лf = 2 x lEo x 50 elect degree /sec
Rating of = S = 110MVAPmech = 100mw
Machine P = 70mw
A 11 kV, 3-ϕ core 1 km long underground cable has the capacitance measured between any two cores with the third core connected to the sheath is 0.45 μF/km. The reactive delivered by the 3-ϕ cable for 1 km length is __________ kVAr/km.
= 0.9 μF/km
Qc (3-ϕ) = 3Vph2 2πf C/ph
A-3-ϕ bridge inverter delivers power to a resistive load from a 450 V dc source. For a star connected load of 15 Ω per phase, the rms value of thyristor current is__________(Assume 180° CM)
A 100kVA, 415V, Y-connected synchronous machine generates rated open-circuit voltage of 415V at a field current of 15A. The short circuit armature current at a field current of 10A is equal to its rated armature current. The saturated synchronous impedance in p.u., if armature resistance is 0.1pu is
In the oscillator circuit shown in figure, Find the value of frequency of oscillation (in MHz).
Frequency of oscillation of this oscillator is given by
For a random variable x(-∞
P(x≥60)=α⇒P(x≤40)=αP(40≤x≤60)=1-P(x≤40)-P(x≥60)P(40≤x≤60)=1-α-αP(40≤x≤60)=1-2α
The state variable of a system is given by the following equation
If the given system is said to be unobservable, the value of a should be
The given system is said to be unobservable
Determine the value of the difference between backward and forward slip in case of a 230V, 50Hz, 4 pole single phase induction machine if synchronous speed = 2372rpm, rotor speed = 1969 rpm [Write the answer upto two decimal point]
sf = (ns-n)/ns ……………..(1)
Since the backward rotating flux rotates opposite to that of the stator, the sign of n must be changed.
The slip of the rotor w.r.t. the backward rotating field,
sb = [ns-(-n)]/ns = (ns+n)/ns …… (2)
Subtracting 1 from 2, we get,
sb-sf = [(ns+n)/ns]- [(ns-n)/ns] = 2n/ns = 2x1969/2372 = 1.67
Consider the program given below :
1. MOV A, C
2. STC
3. CMC
4. DCR C
Let, the content of register C is 00 H initially and the above instructions are executed, then content of register C and flag register is respectively
1. MOV A, C
2. STC
3. CMC
4. DCR C
A 3-∅ SRIM with star connected rotor is having standstill impedance of (0.4 + j 4)Ω and 400V is the peak induced emf across the slip rings. At max torque, what is the rotor current per phase in Amperes? [write the answer upto two decimal points]
Peak induced line voltage in the rotor = 400V
So, rms line voltage = (400/√2) V = 282.84 V
rms Phase voltage = (282.84)/√3 V = 163.3 V
Rotor current per phase =
For the circuit shown in figure, which of the following represents i(t) for (t > 0).
⇒ i(0) = 3 A
At t > 0, the circuit becomes source free as
i(0−) = i(0+) = 3A
Time constant =
Time constant =
The current equation;
A Stable non-minimum phase transfer function containing one zero & one pole, if the transfer function is pole dominating. The type of compensator, the given transfer function is:
For compensator: System must stable also System should be minimum phase type. That’s means poles & zero must lie on the left side of the plane.
An alternator supplying 500 kW at 0.8 pf lagging has its pf raised to unity by means of over-excited synchronous motor. At a constant armature current the reactive power supplied by motor and the power factor of operation are
Load
Load
When a synchronous motor is connected to improve the pf operating in over-excited mode. It will supply 375 KVAR and operate at zero power factor leading.
Two power plants interconnected by a tie-line as shown in the below figure have loss formula coefficient B11 = 10–3 MW–1. Power is being dispatched economically with plant ‘1’ as 100 MW and plant ‘2’ as 125 MW. The penality factor for plants 1 and 2 are respectively.
Penality factor of Plant-1
Similarly,
Penality factor of Plant-2 L2
What will be the minimum value that can be measured for 8-bit output if the input is 5 V.
= 20mV
Area enclosed between the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y is
Curve y2=4x
Curve x2=4y
Intection point of both curve
y24x=4√4y=8√y
y4−64y=0
y=0,y=4
then x = 0, x = 4
Required area = dxdy
A 5 hp, 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3-ϕ induction motor is operating at 1440 rpm on full load. The stator copper loss 100 W and rotational loss is 250 W. Find the efficiency of motor? (Take 1 hp = 746 W)
In induction motor given output power = 5hp = 5 x 746 = 3730W
The mechanical power developed
Pmech = Pout + rotational losses
Pmech = 3730 + 250 = 3980W
Nr = 1440rpm
Motor input power = Pmech + rotor Cu loss + Stator Cu loss
= 3980 + 165.83 + 100
= 4245.83W
Efficiency
In the circuit given below if V = A - Bl, then what are the value of A and B respectively?
We obtained Thevenin equivalent across the load terminal.
Thevenin Voltage: (Open Circuit Voltage)
Thevenin Impedance:
Now, the circuit becomes as
Calculate the time of operation of an IDMT type over-current relay is used to protect a feeder through 400/1 ACT, relay has plug setting of 125٪ and TMS =0.6 and fault current is 4000 A . Use the following characteristic.
Given, plug setting =125%
TMS=O.G
Fault current, If=4000A
Pick up current, I PK= plug setting × C.T. secondary current=1.25×1=1.25
Plug Setting multiplier,
Now, time of operation of any relay,
T=TMS x (Time calculated from IDMT table corresponding)
T = 0.6 x 3.3 = 1.98 sec
Two alternator G1 and G2 rated as 300MW and 600MW respectively are operating in parallel. The droop characteristics of their governors are 3 and 4, respectively from no Ioad to full load. At no load the alternators are operating at a system frequency of 50Hz. Assume free governor operation, if total load of 800MW is being shared by the generator. What will be the system frequency at this load?
Machine, G1:
Machine, G2:
By solving (i) and (ii),
We get. P1 = 480 MW, f = 48.4Hz
What are the initial and final values of impulse response h(t) of an LTI system which is described by the differential equation 3y "(t) + 5y'(t) + 2y(t) = 4x' (t) — x(t)
Apply Laplace transform
Initial value h(0) =
Final value
An armature of DC machine carrying 1024 lap connected conductors where each conductor is carrying 10 A rotates at 300 rpm. If the machine has 6 poles with a flux/pole of 0.025 Wb, the power output of the armature will be
Given data
Z = 1024, la = 10A, N = 300 rpm, P = 6
ø = 0.025wb
Ea = 128 V
Total armature current = 10 x 6 = 60 A
[As A = 6 , total current is Ia x A ]
The power output
Pa = Eala= 60 x 128 = 7.680w
A toy company produces toys with an average of 120 toys per week. Assume production of toys as a random variable, having standard deviation = 20. What will be the maximum hope that this week production will be at least 140 toys?
Here, μ=120 hours, σ=20 hours
For x=140,
z=(x-μ)/σ = (140-120)/20=1
Then, P(x>120)=P(z>1)=0.3413 ≈ 34%
The rotor poles of a 6-pole synchronous generator shift by 20 mechanical degrees from no load to full load. The torque angle between extinction voltage and the terminal voltage ‘E’ at full load is _______ degrees.
Torque angle δ=Pα/2
Given P=6,α=20
δ = 6 x 20/2 = 600
In the figure, the value of resistor R is (25 + I/2) ohms, where I is the current in amperes. The current I is _____.
Applying KVL in the circuit, we have
300=1R
300=1(25+1/2)
300=251+12/2
12+501−600=0
∣(1+60)−10(1+60)=0
(1−10)(1+60)=0
SO,I=10A,−60A
Now, for the two obtained values of current, we get
Since the Resistance cannot be negative.
Thus, the current through the circuit is 1 = 10A
For the given signal, x(t)=3cos80πt determine the sampling frequency(in Hz) at which aliasing will take place.
According to the sampling theorem, the sampling frequency should be atleast equal to twice the highest frequency component of the signal, below which overlapping, or aliasing tales place.
Highest frequency component,
Hence, minimum sampling frequency to avoid aliasing, fs=2×40=80Hz
Hence, aliasing will occur if the sampling frequency is less than 80
Hz, i.e., at 40 Hz
A generator rated 100 k V A 13.8 kV and having reactance x1 = x2 = 0.1 p.u. and x0 = 0.05 p.u. its neutral being grounded through a current reactor of 0.08 pu. The generator is connected to a connected step up transformer with 0.06 p.u. reactance its neutral being solidly grounded. A double line to ground fault occurs at star side of transformer. Calculate fault current in p.u.
+ve sequence n/w is
-ve sequence n/w is
Zero sequence n/w
Fault current
|If|=3|Ifo|
= 3 x 3.57
= 10.71 p.u.
A barium titanate piezo-electric crystal when subjected to a pressure of 2 MN/m2 developed a voltage of 36 V. If the charge sensitivity of barium titanate is 150 pC/N and its permittivity is 12.5 × 10–9 F/m, find the thickness of the crystal.
Given r Pressure applied, P=2MN/m2=2×106N/m2Voltage developed, E0=36V Charge density, d=150pC/N=150×10−12C/N
Permittivity, ε0εr=12.5×10−9F/m
Now, voltage sensitivity of the crystal is given as
For a piezo'electric crystal of thickness 't', the voltage developed due to a pressure 'P' is given as, E0 = gtP
The logic function implemented by the circuit given below is
The voltage applied to the primary winding of an unloaded single-phase transformer is given by
v=400cosαt+100cos3αt
The primary has 500 turns and frequency of the fundamental component of the applied voltage is 50Hz. What is the maximum value of flux in mWb is ________
A single phase full converter supplies power to RLE load. The source voltage is 230V, 50Hz and load is R = 2ohms, L= 15mH, E=100V for a firing angle delay of 300. Find the average output current in case current extinguishes at 2000
A sheet of Bakelite 4.5 mm thick is tested at 50Hz between electrode 0.12 m in diameter. The Schering bridge employs a standard air capacitor C2 of 106pF capacitance a non reactive resistance R4 of 1000πΩ in parallel with a variable capacitor C4 and a non-reactive variable resistance R3 balance is obtained with C4 = 0.5μF and R2 = 260Ω.
Then the relative permittivity of sheet is _______ if permittivity of free space is = 8.84 × 10-12 F/m.
= 1.23 x 106Ω
= 130pF
Relative permittivity
ɛr = 5.9
Consider the given figure and calculate the feedback factor of the wave generator if R1=5kΩ, R2=20kΩ, R=500Ω and C=10 µF. Also, calculate the one cycle period?
R1 = 5 kΩ , R2 = 20k0, R = 5000 and C = 10μF
To calculate feedback factor:
The periad T is given by,
Therefore
For a closed-loop system whose block diagram is shown in fig. below if the system has the maximum overshoot to unit step input is 30% and time to peak is 2 sec, then find the value of K × T _______
Transfer function =
C .E . = s2 + KTs + K = 0
Standard characteristic equation =
It is given % Mp = 30%
In a single machine infinite bus system, generator has inertia constant H = 5 MW sec/MVA and frequency is 50Hz. Initial mechanical input is 0.75 pu and it is operating at an angle δ = 30°
If suddenly the mechanical input is raised by 33.33% then what will be the speed of rotor during first Swing, at the instant when mechanical input equals electrical output. (in rad/sec)
A load coil is calibrated in an environment at a temperature of 25°C has the following deflection load characteristic.
When used in an environment at 40°C, its characteristic changes to following:
Calculate sensitivity drift at 40°C and zero drift coefficient in unit μm/°C?
30/um / kg
Sensitivity at 40°C =
Sensitivity drift at 40°C = 32 = 30 = 2μm/kg
Zero drift at 40°C = 0.3 - 0 = 0.3mm = 300mm
So, zero drift coefficient
Hence, the correct option is (C).
A parallel plate capacitor of 50 pF having an air dielectric is charged to 15 kV. It is then electrically isolated. The plates are pulled away from each other until the distance is 5 times more than before. The energy needed to pull the plates is_______ mJ.
As capacitance is inversely proportional to distance between plates.
The input voltage to a converter and current drawn by the converter are expressed as
The input power factor of the converter is
The Y-parameter presentation of the circuit shown in the figure:
Find the value of = A + C + D
The Z-parameter matrix of the upper network:
The Z-parameter matrix of the lower network:
The Z-parameter matrix of overall network is
For the given ROC in z – plane which one of the following statement is correct?
which means it is right sided \& causal system & also
f in it e ; system is also stable
For the ROC |z| < 2="" it="" is="" left="" sided="" signal="" &="" non="" -="" />
→ From the z - plane it is also observe that the ROC contains the unit circle so we can say the system is stable but non - causal For non-causal system the ROC is inside the outermost pole.
The average power absorbed by the network shown in the figure (a) is _____ (in W).
The output of the current source is shown in the Figure (b).
As, 18 × 3 = 9 × 6
So, I = 0 (Balance bridge)
The equivalent resistor across current source is-
Req = (9 + 3)||(6 + 18)
Req = 12||24 = 8 Ω
Average power absorbed by the network:
Pavg = (Irms)2 Req … (i)
From figure (b),
From equation (i)
A buck boost converter is supplying an average current of 2A to a load from an input supply of 25 V. What is the peak current in ampere passing through the inductor if duty cycle is 0.4, assume filter inductance is 0.2 mH and switching frequency 50 kHz? (Answer upto two decimal places).
Given a signal If the z-transform of signal Cosωon.u[n] is X[z] then which of the following diagram can represent pole location of X[z] on the z-plane
Given the signal
z-transform of
so the poles of z -transform of are given by
poles of z-transform of will be given by
for the given signal,
∴ poles will be given by
poles will lie at
A 3-∅, half wave controlled rectifier is supplying an R-L load, where L⟶∞. A freewheeling diode is also connected across the load. The converter is operating with firing angle of 60°, then the RMS value of fundamental source current is
Since a>30°, so there will be freewheeling action. So, the source current waveform will be as shown below
We have to find IS1 To find IS1 we have to find the fourier series of
Find the solution of the Linear differential equation
Given ( D2 - 4D + 3) y = cos x
Solution is y = yc + yp
y c : Consider (D2 - 4 D + 3)y = 0(D - 1)(D - 3) = 0
So, the solution is y = yc + yp
Initially the switch is at position 1 & capacitor reaches to its steady state condition. Then at t=0 switch is moved from position 1 to 2 at t=0. Find the current flowing i(t) in 10 ohm resistance at t = 0+?
When the switch 5 was at 1, i.e. at the steady state, capacitar being fully charged, io = i.
So, i = 12/(50 + 10)A = 0.2A
Voltage drop across 50 ohm resistor = (50 x 0.2 ) V = 1 0 V
Voltage drop across capacitor, VC = (12 - 10 ) V = 2 V
Vclt= o = 2 V
Following switching of S from 1 ta 2 , the voltage source is removed and the capacitor will start discharging through 10 ohm in parallel to 50 ahm.
i(t) (att ~ 0+) = 2 V / 10ahm = 0 .2 A
However,
Determine the transfer function for the given asymptotic bode plot.
G > 0, B < 0="" so="" the="" lacus="" will="" be="" in="" />th quadrant.
The initial slope of the plat is -20 db/decade. This indicates a term ( s ) in the denominator.
At ω = lape changes to -40 db / decade.
This indicates a term in the denominator.
At ω = lape changes to -8 0 d b / decade.
This indicates a term in the denominator, as the net slape change is -40
db/decade. Naw, computing the gain K,
we have, 201og10K = 40 ⇒ log10 K = 2
⇒ K = 102 = 100
Hence, the required transfer function is:
Given the sequence current
Ia1= -j1.653 pu
Ia2= j0.5 pu
Ia0= j1.153 pu
Find which type of electrical system it is if the pre fault voltage is 1.2pu and the post fault voltage is 0.625pu?
For this first we have to find the sequence impedances
As all sequence current components are not same so it must be a LLG fault.
For LLG fault
Va1=Va2=Va0= Va/3= 0.625/3=0.2083pu
Va1= Ea- Ia1Z1
Z1= (Ea-Va1)/Ia1
Z1=(1.2-0.2083)/-j1.653= j0.59pu
Z2= -Va2/Ia2= -0.2083/j0.5= j0.4166pu
Z0= -Va0/Ia0= -0.2083/j1.153= j 0.18pu
So it must be a synchronous machine because impedances are in a relation of
Z1 > Z2 > Z0.
A 11/6.6/0.5kV, star/star/delta, three winding transformer has a magnetizing current of 3A. At rated voltages, the secondary supplies a balanced load of 300 kVA at 0.8 pf lag and tertiary supplies a balanced load of 150 kW at 0.9 pf lead. The magnitude of primary phase current (in Amp) will be
Magnetising current Iμ=-j3.0
Secondary phase current at 0.8pf lag Secondary phase current referred to primary
I2=15.746∠−36.87∘
Tertiary line current at 0.9 leading
Tertiary phase current at 0.9 leading
Tertiary phase current referred to primary a t 0-9 lead I3 = 8.75∠25.84°
Primary current =Iμ+I2+I3=−j3+15.746∠−36.87∘+8.75∠25.84∘
=22.21∠−22.86∘
So, magnitude of primary phase current= 22.21 A
In the circuit shown below the value of I is
From the figure
V1 = 20 V and V3 = 2 4 VKCL
At supernode
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