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Judiciary Exams Exam  >  Judiciary Exams Tests  >  Important Acts and Laws for Judiciary Exams  >  Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Judiciary Exams MCQ

Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Judiciary Exams MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test Important Acts and Laws for Judiciary Exams - Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution

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Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 1
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In India, during emergencies, the federal system tends to shift towards a more unitary structure. Which of the following provisions within the Constitution emphasizes the Parliament's authority, particularly in times of crises?

Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 1
In the Indian Constitution, Article 352 deals with the proclamation of Emergency. This provision empowers the President to declare a state of emergency in India due to war, external aggression, or armed rebellion. During such times, the federal system tends to exhibit more unitary characteristics, with an increased focus on the authority of the Parliament to address the situation effectively.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 2
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What type of emergency situation can be declared under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution?

Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 2
A National Emergency under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution can be declared in situations of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion threatening the country's security. This empowers the central government to take extraordinary measures to address the crisis. It is a significant provision intended to ensure the country's security and stability during times of grave threats to its sovereignty.
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Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 3
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What do emergencies typically entail, requiring immediate attention from authorities?

Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 3
Emergencies are characterized by unforeseen events that demand immediate and urgent responses from authorities. These situations often pose risks to life, property, or the environment, requiring swift action to mitigate the threats they present. In essence, emergencies are critical situations that call for prompt attention and decisive measures to address the challenges they bring forth.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 4
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What circumstances warrant the proclamation of a National emergency in India?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 4
The proclamation of a National emergency in India is warranted in situations such as when a country initiates a formal battle against India, involving violent conflict using military forces. This scenario allows the President of India to impose a National emergency to address the threat posed by external aggression or war.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 5
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What is the primary purpose of declaring a Financial Emergency by the President of India?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 5
Declaring a Financial Emergency in India allows the Central Authority to address a severe financial crisis and economic turmoil within the country. This empowers the government to make necessary budget cuts, reduce state allocations, and potentially lower government officials' salaries to stabilize the economy. Financial Emergencies are crucial measures aimed at restoring financial stability and addressing economic challenges faced by the nation.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 6
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What is one of the grounds for declaring a National Emergency in India as per Article 352?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 6
One of the grounds for declaring a National Emergency in India as per Article 352 is armed rebellion. This refers to a situation where there is a violent uprising against the established authorities of the state. During such instances of grave emergency posing a threat to the country's security, the President can declare a National Emergency under this provision.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 7
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What does Article 356 of the Indian Constitution primarily deal with?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 7
Article 356 of the Indian Constitution primarily deals with State Emergency, also known as President's Rule in a State. This provision is invoked when the State Government fails to operate in accordance with the Constitutional provisions. State Emergency is proclaimed to bring the State under the direct control of the Union government for effective governance in exceptional circumstances.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 8
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What does Article 352 of the Indian Constitution primarily discuss?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 8
Article 352 of the Indian Constitution primarily discusses the "Proclamation of Emergency." This article empowers the President to impose a National Emergency in grave situations that pose a threat to India's security. It is crucial to understand the provisions outlined in Article 352 regarding the circumstances under which such an emergency can be declared and the necessary steps that need to be taken for its approval by both Houses of Parliament within a specified timeframe.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 9
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What does Article 359 of the Indian Constitution specifically allow during emergencies?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 9
Article 359 of the Indian Constitution allows for the suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred through Part III during emergencies. This provision is crucial during times of crisis to ensure that certain rights can be suspended temporarily to address the emergency situation effectively. It grants the government the authority to take necessary measures that might involve limitations on individual rights to safeguard the larger interests of the nation during challenging times.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 10
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What was the significant outcome of the legal battle between Raj Narain and Indira Gandhi?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 10
In the legal battle between Raj Narain and Indira Gandhi, Indira Gandhi was found guilty of corrupt practices, ultimately leading to her disqualification from elections. This landmark case highlighted the importance of transparency and integrity in the electoral process, setting a precedent for accountability in political leadership and governance.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 11
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What does Article 356 of the Indian Constitution primarily discuss?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 11
Article 356 of the Indian Constitution primarily discusses the provision for imposing President's Rule or State Emergency in states in case of the failure of the constitutional machinery. This constitutional provision allows the President to intervene in the state's administration when the state machinery collapses or fails to function as per constitutional requirements. State Emergency declared under Article 356 can last up to three years and requires parliamentary approval every six months. The Supreme Court also holds the power to review and declare a State Emergency void under Article 356, ensuring checks and balances in the Indian federal system.
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During a State Emergency or President's Rule, what happens to the entire State administrative machinery?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 12
During a State Emergency or President's Rule, the entire State administrative machinery is transferred to the Union. This means that the President becomes the executive head of the State, and the Governor operates under the authority of the President. This transfer of administrative control is a significant shift in power dynamics during such extraordinary circumstances, aimed at ensuring effective governance and decision-making at the national level.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 13
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During a Financial Emergency in India, what powers does Parliament possess?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 13
During a Financial Emergency in India, Parliament has the power to review financial and money bills passed by State Legislatures. This allows Parliament to exercise control over financial matters to address the economic instability that led to the declaration of the Financial Emergency. This power enables Parliament to oversee and potentially make changes to financial decisions at the state level during the period of the Emergency.
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What event in Indian history marked a significant occurrence following the 1971 Lok Sabha election opposition faced by Indira Gandhi?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 14
The event in Indian history that marked a significant occurrence following the 1971 Lok Sabha election opposition faced by Indira Gandhi was the Legal Battle and Emergency Proclamation. This event was triggered by legal challenges after the Allahabad High Court ruled against her, leading to her being barred from elections and the Prime Minister's post. The crisis escalated to the point where President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed declared a state of emergency on June 28, 1975, which had far-reaching consequences for the country.
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What was the primary reason for the declaration of the 1975 Emergency in India?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 15
The 1975 Emergency in India was primarily declared due to "Internal Disturbance" exacerbated by disobedience in military and police forces. This disobedience added to the existing tensions and political turmoil, leading to the imposition of the National Emergency. During this period, widespread violence, protests, and political chaos ensued across the country as a result of this declaration.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 16
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During the period of National Emergency in India, which event had far-reaching consequences due to the judgment passed by the Allahabad High Court against the Prime Minister?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 16
The correct answer is Option A: Opposition movements gaining momentum. During the National Emergency in India, one of the key events with far-reaching consequences was the judgment passed by the Allahabad High Court against the Prime Minister. This judgment fueled opposition movements, particularly those led by figures like Jayaprakash Narayan, which gained significant momentum during this turbulent period. The increasing strength of these movements added to the challenges faced by the government and contributed to the political turmoil experienced across the country.
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During the period discussed, what was a significant consequence of the 42nd Constitutional (Amendment) Act of 1976?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 17
The 42nd Constitutional (Amendment) Act of 1976 had a profound impact by excluding the Election of the Prime Minister, President, and Vice-President from judicial review. This meant that the judiciary could not interfere in matters related to the election processes of these key positions. This amendment significantly altered the balance of power and oversight within the Indian political system during that time, concentrating more authority in the executive branch.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 18
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How did the 1977 Lok Sabha election in India reflect the impact of the 1975 Emergency on electoral outcomes?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 18
The 1977 Lok Sabha election following the 1975 Emergency in India witnessed the victory of the Janta Party. This election outcome underscored the repercussions of the Emergency on electoral results, showing a significant shift in the political landscape of the country. The Janta Party's win indicated a turning point in Indian politics, reflecting the sentiments of the electorate following the tumultuous period of the Emergency.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 19
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During an Emergency in India, which of the following is a significant impact on the democratic structure of the country?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 19
During an Emergency in India, a significant impact on the democratic structure is the suspension of citizens' Fundamental Rights. This situation arises as a result of the imposition of Emergency, leading to the deprivation of certain rights guaranteed by the Constitution. The suspension of Fundamental Rights is a critical aspect that alters the democratic landscape during such times, emphasizing the delicate balance between executive power and constitutional safeguards in the country.
Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 20
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How did the imposition of the National Emergency in India in 1975 affect prominent opposition leaders?
Detailed Solution for Test: Emergency Provision: A Unitary Feature of the Constitution - Question 20
The National Emergency of 1975 in India resulted in the arrest of several prominent opposition leaders such as Morarji Desai, Jay Prakash Narayan, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, and Lal Krishna Advani under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act, 1971. This arrest led to legal challenges in various High Courts. The suspension of Fundamental Rights, particularly Article 21 during the Emergency, prevented the enforcement of the writ of Habeas Corpus, giving rise to what became known as the Habeas Corpus case.
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