AP TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 2 (Science and Mathematics) - AP TET MCQ

Gender sensitivity about school curriculum offerings is gaining global attention and concern because of the growing interest in equalizing access to education for the child irrespective of differences in sex structure. 

Children in Pre-operational stage have symbolic thinking but do not realize that actions can be reversed and their judgments are based on the immediate appearance of things. 
Cognitive development involves cognitive processes such as knowing, thinking, remembering, recognizing, categorizing, imagining, reasoning, decision-making, and so forth. Cognitive development proceeds as children mature. Piaget divided cognitive development into four stages.

• Sensorimotor (Birth – 2 years) & Preoperational (2-7 years)
• Concrete Operational (7-11 years) & Formal Operational (11 years and above)

​The Pre-operational Stage: This is the second stage of cognitive development which is basically a pre-logical stage as logic has not yet fully developed. It extends from two to seven years of age. They begin to think symbolically. During the Symbolic play, children can create mental images of objects and store them in their minds for later use. For example, such a child can draw a picture of or pretend to play with a puppy that is no longer present there.

While handling students with special needs, use simple commands with as few words as possible, having the child then carry out that instruction.

Teachers interacting more with boys than girls is an example of gender bias in teaching.
Gender refers to the socially and culturally constructed system that attributes meaning to what it means to be a male or a female in a particular society.
Gender bias in teaching leads to differential learning experiences, even though the girls and boys of a class sit in the same classroom and attended by the same teacher.

• It refers to the belief when someone prioritize one gender more than the other one.
• The result of the research studies about teachers interacting more with boys than girls is an example of gender bias in teaching.

Socialization is a process of internalizing the norms, culture, values, and customs of society to be socially acceptable. Peer groups are the agents of 'Secondary Socialization' throughout one's life.
Peer groups help children to be socialized by making them learn to behave in a way that is socially acceptable with age-peers. At this age, children learn appropriate social attitudes such as how to like and enjoy social life and group activities.

Achievement Motivation Theory: The Achievement motivation theory narrates personal individualities and circumstantial to a need for achievement and the allied competitive drive to meet standards of excellence. Achievement Motivation Theory (AMT) clarifies the affiliation between an individual’s appearances and his/her need to accomplish roughly in life. In doing so, it also takes into account the kind of reasonable drive a person has to achieve set goals.

'Development is not aided by stimulation' statement is not correct about development.
Development is aided by stimulation:  While most development occurs as a result of maturation and environmental experiences, much can be done to aid development so that it will reach its full potential. Stimulation is especially effective at the time when the ability is normally developing, though it is important at all times.

फ्लैनल बोर्डों का उपयोग विभिन्न स्थितियों में कक्षाओं में किया जा सकता है।

• फ्लैनल बोर्ड का उपयोग करने का लाभ यह है कि यह छात्रों को पढ़ाने के लिए सामग्री का उपयोग करने का लचीलापन प्रदान करता है।
• फ्लैनल बोर्ड का उपयोग चित्रों, संदेशों को प्रदर्शित करने के लिए किया जाता है।
• अंग्रेजी भाषा की कक्षा में इसका उपयोग चित्र रचना सिखाने के लिए किया जा सकता है।
• यह बच्चों को कहानियों का पता लगाने, उनकी कल्पना को लागू करने, ठीक मोटर कौशल को बढ़ावा देने और उनकी रचनात्मकता को बढ़ाने की अनुमति देता है।
• फ्लैनल बोर्ड बच्चे की सीखने की क्षमता को बढ़ाता है।

इसलिए, हम यह निष्कर्ष निकाल सकते हैं कि फ्लैनल बोर्ड चित्र रचना शिक्षण के लिए उपयोगी है।

मूल्यांकन में माप से अधिक पहलू शामिल हैं, लेकिन माप की प्रक्रिया के बिना उचित मूल्यांकन संभव नहीं है। मूल्यांकन में व्यवहार के सभी तीन क्षेत्र जो हैं; संज्ञानात्मक क्षेत्र, भावात्मक क्षेत्र और साइकोमोटर क्षेत्र शामिल हैं।

• संज्ञानात्मक: मानसिक कौशल (ज्ञान)
• भावनात्मक: भावनाओं या भावनात्मक क्षेत्रों में विकास (मनोवृत्ति)
• साइकोमोटर: मैनुअल या शारीरिक कौशल (कौशल)

उपर्युक्त पद्यांश के अनुसार सरसों के पीले फूल अपनी तैलीय सुगंध बिखेर रहे हैं।
पद्यांश से

• "उड़ती भीनी तैलाक्त गंध… फूली सरसों पीली-पीली"

एक विद्यार्थी द्वारा दो तरह से भाषा सीखी जा सकती है- भाषा अर्जन और भाषा अधिगम:
भाषा-अर्जन उस प्रक्रिया को कहते हैं, जिसमें बालक भाषा को ग्रहण करने व समझने की क्षमता अर्जित करता है।
भाषा अधिगम- अधिगम शब्द दो शब्द के मेल से बना है 'अधि' तथा 'गम'। यहाँ 'अधि' का अर्थ है 'भली प्रकार' तथा 'गम' का अर्थ है 'जानना'। अर्थात किसी बात या विषय के समीप अच्छी तरह जाना और उसकी भली भांति जानकारी प्राप्त करना।​
अतः विकल्प (C) सही  है।

बच्चे प्रारंभ से ही बहुभाषिक होते हैं। 3 वर्ष के बच्चें में एकभाषिक, द्विभाषिक या बहुभाषिक दक्षता बच्चे के भाषा समृद्ध परिवेश पर निर्भर करती है।
बच्चा जिस परिवेश में रहता उस परिवेश में बोली जाने वाली भाषा स्वभाविक रूप से सीख लेता है। दो या तीन वर्ष का बच्चा अपने परिवेश से अनायास ही व्याकरण युक्त भाषा सीख लेता है। बच्चे प्रारंभ से ही बहुभाषिक होते हैं, उनके पास अपना एक आंतरिक व्याकरण होता है। दो या अधिक भाषायी परिवेश में रहने वाले बच्चें स्कूल आने से पूर्व ही दो या अधिक भाषाओं को समझने और बोलने की क्षमता रखते हैं।

दिए गए विकल्पों में से ‘प्राचीन काल’ सही उत्तर है।
विज्ञान ने प्राचीन काल के ऋषियों-मुनियों और गुरूओं के मंत्रों और अस्त्रों के प्रयोग को आज विभिन्न प्रकार के आविष्कारों द्वारा सत्य कर दिया है।

छाया चित्र एक श्रव्य-दृश्य सामग्री नहीं है।
शिक्षकों द्वारा शिक्षण सामग्री का उपयोग शिक्षार्थियों को आसानी और दक्षता के साथ अवधारणा सीखने में मदद करने के लिए किया जाता है।
दृश्य-श्रव्य सामग्री से तात्पर्य ऐसी सामग्री से है जो पाठ को ध्वनि और चित्रों दोनों रूप में प्रभावी तरीके से प्रस्तुत कर बच्चों के आंख और कान दोनों ज्ञानेंद्रियों को सक्रिय कर के सीखने को सार्थक बनाती है। उदाहरण: लेज़र प्रोजेक्टर, वीडियो, मल्टीमीडिया, आदि।

An information gap activity is a speaking activity that is carried out in pairs or groups and often involve pupils asking and answering questions they need to complete a task and need to talk to each other to find it. Example: Learner A has a biography of a famous person with all the place names missing, while Learner B has the same text with all the dates missing. Together they can complete the text by asking each other questions in the classroom

• Information gap activities provide an opportunity for extended speaking practice, they represent real communication, motivation can be high, and they require sub-skills such as clarifying meaning and re-phrasing.
• Typical types of information gap activities you might find include; describe and draw, spot the difference, jigsaw readings and listenings, and split dictations.

Let us review other terms and how it useful as a teaching-learning strategy:

• Role Play, or Role Playing, allows a learner to assume the role or tasks of a job by practicing or simulating real working conditions. Role-playing aims to learn, improve or develop the skills or competencies necessary for a specific position.
• Reading aloud means just that-reading aloud. When we read aloud to students, we engage them in texts that they might not be able to read
• Retelling a story is a strategy that is used to determine how well a student has comprehended a specific story. Retelling can be used as an effective tool in improving comprehension and assessing it. 

So, it can be concluded that an information gap activity is a speaking activity is carried out in pairs or groups and often involve pupils asking and answering questions.

While he was walking along the road, a speeding car knocked him down.

Let's explore the meaning of the marked word and the given word.

• Boost: help or encourage (something) to increase or improve.
  Example: The new resort area has boosted tourism.
• Bolster: support or strengthen.
  Example: Timman needs to win a game to bolster his confidence.

From the above, we can refer that a correct answer is an option (C).

• Inhibit: hinder, restrain, or prevent (an action or process).
  Example: An unhappy family life may inhibit children’s learning.
• Placate: make (someone) less angry or hostile.
  Example: These changes did little to placate the unions.
• Shackle: restrain; limit.
  Example: Industrial progress is being shackled by a mass of regulations.

l || m 

Concept used:
For two parallel lines,
Corresponding angles are equal.
Vertically opposite angles are equal.
Calculation:
∠110° = ∠p (Vertically opposite angles) 
∠p + ∠r₁ + ∠r₂ + ∠110° = 360°
⇒ ∠110° + ∠r₁ + ∠r₂ + ∠110° = 360°  (∠r₁ = ∠r₂, vertically opposite angles)
⇒ 2∠r₁ = 140°
⇒ ∠r₁ = 70°
Now, ∠r₁ = ∠a (Corresponding angles)
∠a = 70°
Also, ∠a + ∠b = 180° (supplementary angles)
⇒ ∠b = 180° - 70° = 110°
∴ The measure of angles marked by a and b is 70° and 110° respectively.

m = 11 and n = 2
So, 11² = 121
Now, n^m = 2¹¹ = 2048

Given:
7 black, 6 yellow, and 4 pink balls
Formula used:
P = Favorable outcomes/Total outcomes 
Calculation:
Total outcomes = ¹⁷C₂ = 
Favourable outcomes = ⁷C₂ + ⁶C₂ + ⁴C₂ 

= 21 + 15 + 6 = 42
Required Probability = 42/136 = 21/68
∴ The probability of getting same colour is 21/68.

Given:
Female percent in city = 60% 
Total population of the city = 87,000
Calculation:
Total female in city = 87,000 × (60/100) = 52,200
Total male in city = 87,000 – 52,200 = 34,800
∴ Total male in the city is 34,800

The bacteria found in the roots of plants, which can convert atmospheric nitrogen to a soluble form that can be utilized by the plants is Rhizobium.

• Rhizobium bacteria are soil microbes that can convert atmospheric nitrogen into a dissolved compound.
• They are found in the root nodules of woody plants.
• It plays a major role in the nitrogen cycle as well as in ecosystem services.

• An adaptation seen in the camel is that it can close its nostril.
• This helps to prevent sand from entering the nasal cavity.
• Camels adapt very well methods for their survival in the desert. 
• To spread their weight on the sand Camels have a large and flat fleet.
• For shade Camels have thick fur on the top and thin fur elsewhere to allow easy heat loss.
• Camels have thick eyebrows and two rows of long eyelashes to protect their eyes from the desert sun.
• Camels have tough and large lips that enable them to pick at dry and thorny desert vegetation.
• Camels have three stomach compartments for the proper digestion of different kinds of food.

 =  =  = 0.06

Chromatography

• Chromatography, a technique for separating the components, or solutes, of a mixture on the basis of the relative amounts of each solute distributed between a moving fluid stream, called the mobile phase, and a contiguous stationary phase.
• It is also used to separate colours in a dye
• The mobile phase may be either a liquid or a gas, while the stationary phase is either a solid or a liquid.

Given: 
Three positive numbers are in the ratio 2 ∶ 3 ∶ 4.
The sum of their squares is 2349.
The average of the first two numbers 
Calculation:
Let the numbers be 2x, 3x, 4x 
⇒ 4x² + 9x² + 16x² = 2349
⇒ 29x² = 2349 
⇒ x = √2349/29
⇒ √81 = 9
⇒  x = 9
⇒ Two numbers = 2x, 3x = 18 and 27
⇒ The average of the first two numbers = (18 + 27)/2 = 22.5
∴ The average of the first two numbers is 22.5.

This is the correct answer. The student, using communication, can arrive at a conclusion using logical arguments.

​Mathematics is a study of patterns, numbers, geometrical objects, data, and information. It deals with data analysis, integration of various fields of knowledge, deductive and inductive reasoning, and generalizations.

• The teacher while asking questions in the mathematics classroom should focus more on providing practical exercises and abstract knowledge to students to foster their individualized discovery-oriented learning.

The first stage would be speaking the numbers '1 to 10', then next stage would be counting 10 objects as 1, 2, 3, ..., then the next stage would be writing numbers 1 to 10 and simultaneously speaking, and the last stage would be practicing them by writing 10 times.

GeoGebra is one of the most innovative, open-code math software. It is an interactive geometry, algebra, statistics, and calculus application. It includes both commercial and not-for-profit entities. GeoGebra uses an exploratory approach to teach concepts of geometry. It is a free suite of software used to explore mathematics concepts. It links visual geometry with algebraic expressions of things.