UGC NET Environmental Science Mock - 5 - UGC NET MCQ

The major concern of pollution in rivers of India is water pollution. Untreated sewage is the largest source of water pollution in India. Other different sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated small-scale industry.

Non-renewable resources are found inside the earth and these took millions of years to form. These are difficult to get replenish. Examples are: Natural gas, fossil fuels, nuclear energy, oil, and coal. The rest of the resources is renewable sources.

Navegaon National Park is located in the Gondia District in eastern Maharashtra. The sanctuary is spread across 134 sq km, comprising southern mixed dry deciduous forest, with the main tree species being teak, haldu, Jamun, kawat, mahua, ain, bel, and bor. The centerpiece of this wonderful place is Navegaon Lake, which covers an area of 11 sq km.

Navegaon National Park is home to the Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, which contains almost 60 percent of the avian species found in the state.

Ozone depletion occurs when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons—gases formerly found in aerosol, spray cans and refrigerants—are released into the atmosphere.

So, ozone depletion is not due to methane but due to CFCs.

The greenhouse effect is caused by burning fossil fuels that produce excess carbon dioxide and methane.

So, option B is the correct option.

Lichen are dual organisms which serves as symbiotic among fungus and alga or blue-green algae. This statement shows that option B is correct as Lichen are capable of initiating ecological succession on bare rock which serves as symbiotic association of algae and fungi and not of algae and bacteria, bacteria and fungi, fungi and mosses.

Coal power plants contributes mainly for atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gases which results in gaseous emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide leading to global warming and acid rain. These plants also result in particulate emissions from stacks of power plants. So with emission from coal combustion at thermal power plants particles such as fly ash, soot and other trace gas species occurs.

Yes, it has various sections as sub-systems coordinating each other forming a system

Hence, The correct answer is A.

A trace element is an element whose concentration is less than 1000 ppm (0.1%) in a sample (rock, soil, or any natural product). ... Micronutrients – Micronutrients are elements that are needed by plants in small quantities (i.e., below 50 mg/g in the biomass).

Hence, The correct answer is B.

• Extension service
• Service of a public library

Hence, The correct answer is C.

Reduction of pH takes place when alum is added to the water because of formation of carbonic acid. Also increases permanent hardness.

Hence, The correct answer is D.

Sulphur content in coal = .04 * 18

= 0.72ton/hr

S + O₂ → SO₂↑

32g of sulphur → 64g of SO₂

0.72ton/hr of sulphur → (0.72*64)/32 = 1.44 ton/hr

= 1440Kg/hr

Hence, The correct answer is D.

7.0 – 7.9

Hence, The correct answer is D.

Cigarette smoking exposes one to carbon monoxide.

Smoking tobacco increases the CO content of your blood. The normal level of CO for a nonsmoker depends on background levels in the air, but it is usually between 0 and 8 parts per million. The level of CO for a smoker is usually much higher.

Hence option D is correct

A dobson unit is the most basic measure used in ozone research. One Dobson Unit (DU) is defined to be 0.01 mm thickness at STP (standard temperature and pressure). Ozone layer thickness is expressed in terms of Dobson units, which measure what its physical thickness would be if compressed in the Earth's atmosphere.

Hence option B is correct.

From the given options, the closest option is 33% for plains and 67% for hills. However, there have been many reports that suggest that according to the National Forest Policy (1988), an overall of 33% of the total geographical area of a country should be under forest/tree cover with 66 percent in the hills and 20 percent in the plains.

Hence option A is correct.

Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests.

Hence option B is correct.

But sometimes extinctions happen at a higher and a faster rate than usual. Factors such as over-exploitation, large body size, small population, massive habitat loss and position at a higher trophic level favor extinction. A plant podophyllum is at the verge of extinction due to over-exploitation.

Hence option A is correct.

One of the most intensive conservation efforts in India, Project Tiger was launched in 1973. It envisaged the setting up of tiger reserves to help in maintaining the population of tigers. As per estimates, the number of tigers was about 40,000 at the beginning of the 20th century.

Hence option A is correct.

Silent Spring is an environmental science book by Rachel Carson. The book was published on September 27, 1962, documenting the adverse environmental effects caused by the indiscriminate use of pesticides.

Hence option C is correct.

The International Whaling Commission is an intergovernmental body headquartered in Cambridge, U.K. It is tasked with the conservation of whales.

Hence option C is the correct answer

Tsunami is a Japanese word from a double root: tsu, meaning port or harbour, and nami, meaning wave.

Hence option B is the correct answer.

The dew point is the temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated without changing the pressure.

Hence option B is the correct answer.

Tamil Nadu covers an area of 130,058 km² (50,216 sq mi), and is the tenth-largest state in India. The bordering states are Kerala to the west, Karnataka to the north-west and Andhra Pradesh to the north. To the east is the Bay of Bengal and the state encircles the union territory of Puducherry.

Hence option A is the correct answer.

Example for a bio-degradable polymer is Poly lactic acid.

Among widely used biodegradable polymers in biomedical applications, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is becoming one of the most paramount polymers. Synthesizing PLA through melt/solution polycondensation polymerizations makes it relatively easy to tailor properties of final product.

Hence option C is correct.

In India, the practice of clearing and burning the forest area for cultivation is known as jhum or jhoom. Slash-and-burn can be part of shifting cultivation, an agricultural system in which farmers routinely move from one cultivable area to another.

Hence. The correct answer is B.

The worst nuclear accident to date was the Chernobyl disaster which occurred in 1986 in Ukraine. The accident killed 31 people directly and damaged approximately $7 billion of property.

Hence. The correct answer is A.

Wind-chill or windchill is the lowering of body temperature due to the passing-flow of lower-temperature air. Wind chill numbers are always lower than the air temperature for values where the formula is valid. When the apparent temperature is higher than the air temperature, the heat index is used instead.

Hence. The correct answer is A.

Low clouds retard surface cooling at night better than clear skies because the clouds absorb and radiate infrared energy back to earth.

Hence. The correct answer is A.

Within biological communities, some species may be important in determining the ability of large number of other species to persist in the community. It has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. These crucial species are known as key stone species.

Hence. The correct answer is D.

The permanent wilting point is considered as the lower limit of plant-available soil water and depends upon both plant and soil characteristics. The quantity of water held by the soil between the field capacity and permanent wilting point is considered as the plant-available water.

Hence. The correct answer is D.