ESE (ME) Paper I Mock Test - 1 - Mechanical Engineering MCQ

Appraisal cost should be minimum to get optimum level of quality of production.

Cost of Quality is the cost of those activities which an organization has incurred in order to maintain the quality over and above the minimum cost required to complete the production. It is broadly classified into two divisions:

• Cost of Conformance: The cost incurred while providing the products or services of required standards is called the cost of conformance. It includes the cost of prevention and the cost of the appraisal.
• Cost of Non-Conformance: It is also called the cost of failure and it takes place due to the products not operating as per the required specifications and standards. It includes the cost of internal failure and the cost of external failure.

Appraisal costs: Costs that are incurred to identify defective products before they are shipped to customers. These are also called 'Inspection Costs'. Ex- Final product testing and inspection cost, QC cost.

Hence the correct option is (C).

Alphabet Inc’s Google has announced that it is set to launch a virtual private networks (VPN) service for its consumers.

The VPN service would be available for its Google One cloud storage services. VPN is used by individuals in countries where access to certain sites and services has been banned by governments.

Equation of hyperbola can be written as, or

Let the equation of tangent at any point P (x₁, y₁) is

As tangent is passing through the point  (0, 3)

So,
y = -12 and 

and Again, 4x² - y² = 36

Using value of y, we have

So, the coordinates of P and Q are and respectively.

Now, area of Δ TPQ, 

Average Outgoing Quality Limit refers to the maximum value of the average outgoing quality for all possible values of defective proportion. The average out going quality depends on the incoming quality, the probability that the lot will be accepted. It depends upon the following factors:

• If incoming quality is good, then the outgoing quality is good.
• If incoming quality is bad, then the whole lot is rejected. Therefore, outgoing quality is good since bad parts won’t get through.
• Incoming quality is neither very good nor very bad, then outgoing quality gets worse and percent defective reaches to maximum limit, which is known as Average Outgoing Quality Limit.

Hence the correct option is (C).

The Union Cabinet has approved the creation of the Higher Education Financing Agency (HEFA) to give a major push for the creation of high-quality infrastructure in premier educational institutions.

Higher Education Financing Agency (HEFA) is a joint venture of MHRD Government of India and Canara Bank for financing creation of capital assets in premier educational institutions in India as part of rising 2022 HEFA’s scope is greatly expanded to cover school education, educational institutes under Ministry of health etc.

It would fund projects for infrastructure and development of world-class Labs in IITs/IIMs/NITs and such other institutions.

The HEFA would also mobilise CSR funds from PSUs/Corporates, which would, in turn, be released for promoting research and innovation in these institutions on a grant basis. The HEFA would finance the civil and lab infrastructure projects through a 10-year loan. All the Centrally Funded Higher Educational Institutions would be eligible for joining as members of the HEFA.

Constituent of acid rain are mainly Sulphur dioxide and Nitrous oxide. Acid rain results when sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NO_X) are emitted into the atmosphere and transported by wind and air currents. The SO₂ and NO_X react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These then mix with water and other materials before falling to the ground.

The effect of carbon monoxide is It affects oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Carbon monoxide, which is one of the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constituents, in addition to its reprotoxic effects, binds directly to hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin and thus decreasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, which in turn can result in adverse health effects on the cardiovascular system.

Let, the quantity sold at a loss be x kg and cost price per kg be Rs 1

Total cost price = 24

Total selling price of of .

of

⇒ 576 - 5x = 528
⇒ 5x = 48
⇒ x = 9.6 kg
So, the amount of apples sold at loss is 9.6 kg .

Given integral, 

, where C is the circle |z - 2| = 1,
As we know,

=

Now the given integral can be written as:

From C is the circle |z - 2| = 1


Now the integral will be:

Professionals engaged in private practice have considerable freedom in choosing their clients or patients is referred as autonomy in work place.

Even the professionals working in large organizations exercise a large degree of impartiality, creativity and discretion (care with decision and communication) in carrying their responsibilities.

LCM of two numbers is 20 times of their HCF and the sum of LCM and HCF is 2520 and one number is 480.
Let HCF of those two numbers be x.
Then LCM of those two numbers = 20x 
From the given condition,
x + 20x = 2520
⇒ 21x = 2520
⇒ 120
∴ HCF of those two number is 120
And LCM of those two numbers is 20 x 120
Now, one number is 480.
Let, another number is y.
Then,
480 x y = 120 x 120 x 20
⇒ y = 600
∴ Another number is 600.

Material science is the branch of engineering which deals with the study of structure, properties and applications of materials. A wide variety of materials are used in applications where resistance to mechanical loading is necessary. These are collectively called engineering materials and can be broadly classified as metals and alloys, polymers, ceramics and glasses, and composites. Properties of materials are greatly influenced by the structure of materials. Material properties are dependent on their micro-structure and response to force fields and surface interaction.

Ruchira Kamboj, the first female Indian Ambassador to the United Nations, retired after an illustrious career spanning nearly four decades. She served in various diplomatic roles, including as Permanent Representative of India to UNESCO, Paris, and High Commissioner of India to South Africa, leaving behind a remarkable legacy in Indian diplomacy.

Besides species diversity and ecosystem diversity, genetic diversity is included in the term "bio-diversity".

Types of Biodiversity:

Genetic diversity: It is the variation of genes within the species. This result distinct population of one, even same species. It gives genetic variation within a population or varieties within one species.

Species diversity: This refers to the variety of species within a particular region. The number of species in a region is a measure for such diversity. The richness of species in a given region provides a yard stick for species diversity.

Ecological diversity: This is the number of species in a community of organisms. Maintaining both types of diversity is fundamental to the functioning of ecosystems and hence to human welfare.

A Pareto chart is a bar graph. In quality control, Pareto charts are useful to find the defects to prioritize in order to observe the greatest overall improvement. It often represents the most common sources of defects, the highest occurring type of defect, or the most frequent reasons for customer complaints. It is one of the 7 tools of Quality Management. It is a statistical technique in decision making for selection of limited tasks which have significant overall impact. It is a series of bars whose height reflects the frequency or impact of problems. The bars are arranged in descending order of heights, from left to right. An example of the pareto chart representing various type of defects in production is given below:

Hence the correct option is (B).

Six Sigma is a quality management methodology used to help businesses improve current processes, products or services by discovering and eliminating defects. The goal is to streamline quality control in manufacturing or business processes so there is little to no variance throughout.  It was introduced by Bill Smith in 1986, while working at Motorola. It uses techniques like DMAIC(Define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) to improve the quality of output of a process by identifying the causes of defects and minimising the variations. Six Sigma level allows only 3.4 defects per one million opportunities.

Hence the correct option is (D).

The engineer, as an experimenter, owe several responsibilities to the society, namely:

1) A conscientious commitment to live by moral values.

2) A comprehensive perspective on relevant information. It includes constant awareness of the Progress of the experiment and readiness to monitor the side effects, if any.

3) Unrestricted free-personal involvement in all steps of the project/product development (Autonomy).

4) Be accountable for the results of the project (accountability).

The Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR) is a semi-annual report by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that assesses the stability of global financial markets and emerging-market financing. It is released twice per year, in April and October. Therefore, statement 1 is NOT correct.

It introduces a way to quantify vulnerabilities in the financial system, encompassing six sectors: corporate, households, governments, banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions.

In addition to assessing the condition of worldwide markets, the GFSR also issues recommendations for central banks, policymakers and others who supervise global financial markets. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.

The collection of linked information residing on computers which is available through the Internet is called World Wide Web.

The World Wide Web, commonly known as the Web, is an information system where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators.

• The resources may be interlinked by hypertext, and are accessible over the Internet.
• It was invented by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau.

Green Buildings:

Green buildings are the structures that ensure efficient use of natural resources like building materials, water, energy, and other resources with minimal generation of non-degradable waste.

Whether Green buildings are really green is to be decided against the predefined rating systems. There are three primary Rating systems in India.

• GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment)
• IGBC (Indian Green Building Council)
• BEE (Bureau of Energy Efficiency)

Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA):

It is a green building design evaluation system jointly developed by TERI and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, where buildings are rated in a three-tier process. GRIHA rating system consists of 34 criteria categorised in four different sections. Some of them are:

• Site selection and site planning
• Conservation and efficient utilization of resources
• Building operation and maintenance
• Innovation

Indian Green Building Council (IGBC):

• The Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) is the rating system developed for certifying Green Buildings.
• LEED is developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), the organization promoting sustainability through Green Buildings.
• LEED is a framework for assessing building performance against set criteria and standard points of references.

Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE):

BEE developed its own rating system for the buildings based on a 1 to 5 star scale. More stars mean more energy efficiency. BEE has developed the Energy Performance Index (EPI).

Given,

Regression lines:
x+2 y-5=0 
2x+3 y-8=0 
var(x)=σ_x=12

Now,

x + 2y - 5 = 0 ....(i) 

Let, be the regression line of y on x [from equation (i)]

Now,

2x + 3y - 8 

be the regressiopn line of x on y

⇒ b_xy = -1/2 and b_yx  = -3/2

b_xy =  Regression line of y on x

b_yx =  Regression line of x on y

We know that regression coefficient

We know that,

The Taguchi method of quality control is an approach to engineering that emphasizes the roles of research and development (R&D), and product design and development in reducing the occurrence of defects and failures in manufactured goods. This method, developed by Japanese engineer and statistician Genichi Taguchi, considers design to be more important than the manufacturing process in quality control and aims to eliminate variances in production before they can occur.

Quality management tool that provides a visual connective process to help teams focus on the needs of the customers throughout the total development cycle of a product or process. It provides the means for translating customer needs into appropriate technical requirements for each stage of a product/process-development life-cycle. It helps to develop more customer-oriented, higher-quality products.

The process of managing the quality of services delivered to a customer according to his expectations is called Service Quality Management. It basically assesses how well a service has been given, so as to improve its quality in the future, identify problems and correct them to increase customer satisfaction.

Hence the correct option is (D).

The bond between two identical non-metal atoms has a pair of electrons equally shared between them.

The pair of electrons in a covalent bond are shared amongst the elements. This is mainly because the two non-metals will have same or similar electro-negativity. This is what makes the bonded atoms between the two non-metals share equal number of electron pair between them.

Laurent series of f(z) is given by:

Given,

The given region is

Co-efficient of is .

Given,

X,Y be two poisson distributed independent random variables,

Now,

We know that,

The correlation coefficient is given by,

⇒ Cov (X,Y) = E(CY) - E(X)E(Y)

Where, Cov (X,Y) covariance of X and Y; σ =  standard deviation; E= expectation,

So,

E(X) = λ, Var(X) = λ,σ_x = √λ
E(Y) λ, Var(Y) = λ, σ_y = √λ
E(XY) = E(X)E(Y), since independent variables.

Now,

Z = X  + Y 

⇒ E(Z) = E(X) + E(Y) = 2λ
∵ Var(Z) = Var(X) + Var(Y) = 2λ
⇒σ_z= √2λ
Now,
Cov(X, Z) = E(XZ) – E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = E(X² + XY) - E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = E(X²) + E(XY) - E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = Var(X) + [E(X)]² + E(XY) - E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = λ + λ² +λ² -λ x 2λ
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = λ

The correct ascending order of packing density for the given crystal structures of metals is Simple cubic - Body centered cubic - Face centered cubic.

The packing density is the ratio of atomic volume within a unit cell to the total volume of the unit cell. The atomic packing fraction of simple cubic, face centered cubic and body centered cubic are  52.4%, 74% and  68% respectively.

Rights-based ethics is the recognition of human dignity at its most basic form. The ethics refer to the basic human rights whether they are positive or negative.

The Rights based ethical theory was proposed by John Locke. According to this theory, the solution to a problem is by realizing that every person has a right to live. Live and let live is the philosophy behind this theory. The rights of a person towards life, health, liberty, possession, etc. are taken care of under this theory.

For example, any action in terms of Capital punishment, Jails, Income taxes and Medical charges etc. come under this category.

Volume of unit cell  = a³

In FCC unit cell,

R = √2a/4

a = 4R/√2

Volume  = a³ = (4R/√2)³ = 16√2R³

So, the volume of an FCC unit cell in terms of its atomic raaius R is  16R³√2.

India's first Constitution Park was inaugurated in Pune, marking a significant collaboration between the Indian Army and the Punit Balan Group. Lt. Gen. Ajai Kumar Singh emphasized the importance of citizens understanding and fulfilling their duties outlined in the Constitution to drive India towards development by 2047.

A router is not an operating system. A router is a physical or virtual appliance that passes information between two or more packet-switched computer networks.

An operating system is a software that performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. Android, iOS, and Windows are examples of operating systems.