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Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Humanities/Arts MCQ


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16 Questions MCQ Test Political Science Class 12 - Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus)

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Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 1

Which of the following countries is a member of both NATO and CENTO?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 1

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) were considered necessary in the post-war period to protect member-countries from communist aggression and conspiracy.
There are currently 30 member states of NATO, with 3 aspiring states. The 12 founding states, who signed the initial 1949 treaty, are: the United States, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal.
The Baghdad Pact signed on February 24, 1955 was called the Central Treaty Organisation (CENTO). Full members are: Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
So, the United Kingdom is a member of both NATO and CENTO.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 2

Study the cartoon carefully and give the answers to the question that follows:

Q. What was the result of the Cold War?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 2
During 1989 and 1990, the Berlin Wall came down, borders opened, and free elections ousted Communist regimes everywhere in eastern Europe. In late 1991 the Soviet Union itself dissolved into its component republics. With stunning speed, the Iron Curtain was lifted and the Cold War came to an end.
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Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 3

Which one of the following reforms was not promised by Gorbachev?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 3

Gorbachev's reforms were gradualist and maintained many of the macroeconomic aspects of the command economy (including price controls, inconvertibility of the rouble, exclusion of private property ownership, and the government monopoly over most means of production). His goal was quite plain: to bring the Soviet Union up to par economically with the West. He never aimed to have any strict control over government and people.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 4

Study the cartoon carefully and give the answers to the question that follows:

Q. Name two allied countries each of these superpowers.

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 4

Allied Countries of the United States of America and Soviet Union

- United States of America
- The United States of America had several allied countries during the Cold War era, including:
- United Kingdom
- France
- Canada
- West Germany

- Soviet Union
- The Soviet Union, on the other hand, had its own set of allied countries, such as:
- Cuba
- East Germany
- Poland
- Vietnam

During the Cold War, these superpowers formed alliances with various countries to support their ideological and strategic interests. These alliances often led to tensions and conflicts between the two sides, as they competed for influence and power on the global stage.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 5

'Bay of Pigs' refers to

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 5

The Bay of Pigs Invasion was an attempt in 1961 (during the Cold War) to remove Fidel Castro from power in Cuba. The CIA trained Cuban exiles and these exiles launched an attack in a bay called the Bay of Pigs. The invasion was a failure and most of the attackers were captured or killed.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 6

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

In April 1961, the leaders of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) were worried that the United States of America (USA) would invade communist-ruled Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro, the president of the small island nation off the coast of the United States. Cuba was an ally of the Soviet Union and received both diplomatic and financial aid from it. Nikita Khrushchev, the leader of the Soviet Union, decided to convert Cuba into a Russian base. In 1962, he placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. The installation of these weapons put the US, for the first time, under fire from close range and nearly doubled the number of bases or cities in the American mainland which could be threatened by the USSR. Three weeks after the Soviet Union had placed the nuclear weapons in Cuba, the Americans became aware of it. The US President, John F. Kennedy, and his advisers were reluctant to do anything that might lead to full-scale nuclear war between the two countries, but they were determined to get Khrushchev to remove the missiles and nuclear weapons from Cuba. Kennedy ordered American warships to intercept any Soviet ships heading to Cuba as a way of warning the USSR of his seriousness. A clash seemed imminent in what came to be known as the Cuban Missile Crisis. The prospects of this clash made the whole world nervous, for it would have been no ordinary war. Eventually, to the world’s great relief, both sides decided to avoid war. The Soviet ships slowed down and turned back.

Q. Who ordered American warships to intercept any Soviet ships heading to Cuba as a way of warning to USSR?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 6

In 1962, President John F. Kennedy imposed a U.S. naval blockade of Cuba after U.S. spy planes found Soviet missile sites on the Communist-ruled island.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 7

The unification of Germany was completed as a result of

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 7

The unification of Germany was completed as a result of a war between Prussia and France. Then the initiative was taken by Prussia and the responsibility was handed over to the Chief Minister Otto Von Bismarck. With the French defeat, the German Empire was proclaimed in January 1871 in the Palace at Versailles, France.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 8

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

In April 1961, the leaders of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) were worried that the United States of America (USA) would invade communist-ruled Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro, the president of the small island nation off the coast of the United States. Cuba was an ally of the Soviet Union and received both diplomatic and financial aid from it. Nikita Khrushchev, the leader of the Soviet Union, decided to convert Cuba into a Russian base. In 1962, he placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. The installation of these weapons put the US, for the first time, under fire from close range and nearly doubled the number of bases or cities in the American mainland which could be threatened by the USSR. Three weeks after the Soviet Union had placed the nuclear weapons in Cuba, the Americans became aware of it. The US President, John F. Kennedy, and his advisers were reluctant to do anything that might lead to full-scale nuclear war between the two countries, but they were determined to get Khrushchev to remove the missiles and nuclear weapons from Cuba. Kennedy ordered American warships to intercept any Soviet ships heading to Cuba as a way of warning the USSR of his seriousness. A clash seemed imminent in what came to be known as the Cuban Missile Crisis. The prospects of this clash made the whole world nervous, for it would have been no ordinary war. Eventually, to the world’s great relief, both sides decided to avoid war. The Soviet ships slowed down and turned back.

Q. Who decided to convert Cuba into a Russian base?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 8

In response to the presence of American Jupiter ballistic missiles in Italy and Turkey, and the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion of 1961, Soviet First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev agreed to Cuba’s request to place nuclear missiles on the island to deter a future invasion.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 9

When did Czechoslovakia dissolve to form the Czech Republic and Slovakia?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 9

On January 1,1993, Czechoslovakia split into the nations of Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The separation was peaceful and came as a result of nationalist sentiment in the country. The decision to split was taken by the Federal Assembly who voted on the matter.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 10

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The end of the Second World War is a landmark in contemporary world politics. In 1945, the Allied Forces, led by the US, Soviet Union, Britain and France defeated the Axis Powers led by Germany, Italy and Japan, ending the Second World War (1939- 1945). The war had involved almost all the major powers of the world and spread out to regions outside Europe including Southeast Asia, China, Burma (now Myanmar) and parts of India’s northeast. The war devastated the world in terms of loss of human lives and civilian property. The First World War had earlier shaken the world between 1914 and 1918.The end of the Second World War was also the beginning of the Cold War. The world war ended when the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, causing Japan to surrender. Critics of the US decision to drop the bombs have argued that the US knew that Japan was about to surrender and that it was unnecessary to drop the bombs. They suggest that the US action was intended to stop the Soviet Union from making military and political gains in Asia and elsewhere and to show Moscow that the United States was supreme. US supporters have argued that the dropping of the atomic bombs was necessary to end the war quickly and to stop further loss of American and Allied lives. Whatever the motives, the consequence of the end of the Second World War was the rise of two new powers on the global stage. With the defeat of Germany and Japan, the devastation of Europe and in many other parts of the world, the United States and the Soviet Union became the greatest powers in the world with the ability to influence events anywhere on earth.

Q. What is the critics’ opinion about USA dropping the atomic bombs on Japan?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 10

Correct answer is option (B).

Critics' Opinion on USA Dropping Atomic Bombs on Japan:
- USA already had knowledge that Japan was going to surrender.
- The bombing was unnecessary and aimed at stopping the Soviet Union from gaining influence in Asia.
- It was also intended to show Moscow that the United States was supreme.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 11

Who was the chief architect of the unification of Germany?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 11

Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck was the architect of the unification of Germany. Bismarck was a Prussian statesman who dominated the German affairs between the 1860 and 1890. By waging series of wars, he united the German states.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 12

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The end of the Second World War is a landmark in contemporary world politics. In 1945, the Allied Forces, led by the US, Soviet Union, Britain and France defeated the Axis Powers led by Germany, Italy and Japan, ending the Second World War (1939- 1945). The war had involved almost all the major powers of the world and spread out to regions outside Europe including Southeast Asia, China, Burma (now Myanmar) and parts of India’s northeast. The war devastated the world in terms of loss of human lives and civilian property. The First World War had earlier shaken the world between 1914 and 1918.The end of the Second World War was also the beginning of the Cold War. The world war ended when the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, causing Japan to surrender. Critics of the US decision to drop the bombs have argued that the US knew that Japan was about to surrender and that it was unnecessary to drop the bombs. They suggest that the US action was intended to stop the Soviet Union from making military and political gains in Asia and elsewhere and to show Moscow that the United States was supreme. US supporters have argued that the dropping of the atomic bombs was necessary to end the war quickly and to stop further loss of American and Allied lives. Whatever the motives, the consequence of the end of the Second World War was the rise of two new powers on the global stage. With the defeat of Germany and Japan, the devastation of Europe and in many other parts of the world, the United States and the Soviet Union became the greatest powers in the world with the ability to influence events anywhere on earth.

Q. When did the First World War start?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 12

World War I, also known as the Great War, began in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 13

The demolition of Berlin Wall leading to the unification of Germany took place in

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 13

The demolition of Berlin Wall leading to the unification of Germany took place in November 1989. The fall of the Berlin Wall was a pivotal moment, not just in the Cold War but in the history of modern Europe. It was brought about by political reforms inside the Soviet Bloc, escalating pressure from the people of eastern Europe and ultimately, confusion over an East German directive to open the border.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 14

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The Western alliance was formalized into an organization, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which came into existence in April 1949. It was an association of twelve states which declared that armed attack on any one of them in Europe or North America would be regarded as an attack on all of them. Each of these states would be obliged to help the other. The eastern alliance, known as the Warsaw Pact, was led by the Soviet Union. It was created in 1955 and its principal function was to counter NATO’s forces in Europe. International alliances during the Cold War era were determined by the requirements of the superpowers and the calculations of the smaller states. As noted above, Europe became the main arena of conflict between the superpowers. In some cases, the superpowers used their military power to bring countries into their respective alliances. Soviet intervention in east Europe provides an example. The Soviet Union used its influence in eastern Europe, backed by the very large presence of its armies in the countries of the region, to ensure that the eastern half of Europe remained within its sphere of influence. In East and Southeast Asia and in West Asia (Middle East), the United States built an alliance system called — the Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) and the Central Treaty Organization 1 (CENTO). The Soviet Union and communist China responded by having close relations with regional countries such as North Vietnam, North Korea and Iraq.

Q. What was the primary aim of Warsaw Pact?

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 14

The primary aims of the Warsaw Pact were to safeguard the security of its member states and to increase military cooperation amongst its members.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 15

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. In 1948, Burma was admitted to the United Nations and immediately supported the USA in the Cold War.
2. In 1948, Burma joined the United Nations, but refused to denounce China as the aggressor in the Korean War.

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 15

In the Cold War, the United States viewed newly independent Burma as nearly as important as Vietnam. Because Burma shared a long border with China and chose a strictly neutral international stance, the US-Burma relationship was fascinating, delicate and complex.
Burma refused to recognise either state and wished to see a peaceful solution to the nascent Korean crisis. Along with India, Burma became the only non-communist country not to vote for a motion that recognised China as another aggressor of the Korean War.

Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 16

The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union is the classic case of a _______________.

Detailed Solution for Test: Cold War Era and Non–aligned Movement- Case Based Type Questions (Old Syllabus) - Question 16

Bipolarity can be defined as a system of world order in which the majority of global economic, military and cultural influence is held between two states. The classic case of a bipolar world is that of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, which dominated the second half of the twentieth century.

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