Human settlements can be categorized into ___ and ___ types based on their economic activities and geographical characteristics.

Rural and urban

True or False: Urban settlements primarily engage in primary economic activities such as agriculture.

False; Urban settlements primarily focus on secondary and tertiary activities.

Rural settlements are mainly based on ___ and typically engage in ___ economic activities.

Land; primary

What role do urban areas play in relation to rural hinterlands?

Urban areas serve as nodes of economic growth, linking rural hinterlands through goods, services, and resources.

Fill in the blank: The formation of settlements involves both the grouping of people and the allocation of ___ as a resource base.

Territory

Which type of settlement is characterized by larger, compact areas focused on manufacturing and services?

Urban settlements

Clustered settlements are typically characterized by ___ layout and are commonly found in regions requiring ___ for efficient resource use.

Geometric layout; security

True or False: Semi-clustered settlements reflect complete social equality among community members.

False; Semi-clustered settlements often exhibit social hierarchies, with dominant communities occupying central positions.

Hamleted settlements are fragmented into smaller units known locally as ___, and they often arise due to ___ within the village.

Panna, para, or palli; social and ethnic diversities

Dispersed settlements are typically found in areas with ___ terrain and result from ___ land fragmentation.

Difficult; extreme

Which type of rural settlement features a core cluster surrounded by more isolated homes, often influenced by social hierarchies?

Semi-clustered settlements

True or False: In hamleted settlements, the smaller units share a common identity but are physically separated.

True

Fill in the blank: Dispersed settlements consist of isolated dwellings scattered over a wide area, without a central ___ .

Clustering

Describe the social structure typically found in clustered settlements.

Clustered settlements have close-knit communities with interconnected social and economic ties.

Urban areas are generally larger and more compact compared to ___ settlements.

Rural

True or False: Cities have no functional linkages with surrounding rural areas.

False. Cities are intricately linked to surrounding rural areas, facilitating the exchange of goods and services.

The origins of ancient towns can be traced back over ___ years, serving primarily as centers for religion, culture, and trade.

2000

Medieval towns emerged around fortifications and served as ___ and ___ bases during the era of kingdoms.

Administrative; military

Fill in the blank: Modern towns in India were influenced significantly by ___ expansion.

British

True or False: The development of new administrative cities like Chandigarh occurred post-independence.

True

The first modern towns in India were initially established as coastal trading ___ such as Surat and Goa.

Ports

Short Answer: What were the two key characteristics of medieval towns?

They were characterized by fortifications and significant architectural developments like forts and palaces.

Urbanization in India was at ___% in 2011, which is low compared to developed countries.

31.16%

True or False: The urban population in India increased eleven-fold during the 20th century.

True

The growth rate of urbanization in India has ___ in the last two decades.

Slowed