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Flashcards: Thinking 50 Flashcards 
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Card: 1 / 50 
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Thinking is exclusively a cognitive function of ___ and involves processes such as reasoning and problem-solving. |
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Humans  |
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Identify two key processes involved in thinking that enable us to manipulate and analyze information. |
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Reasoning and decision-making  |
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True or False: Thinking is a simple process that does not require organization. |
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False; Thinking is typically structured and goal-directed.  |
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Thinking often includes the ability to ___, which allows individuals to create scenarios that are not present. |
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Card: 8 / 50
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Imagine  |
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Card: 9 / 50
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Fill in the blank: The nature of thinking involves examining and processing information obtained from the ___. |
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Card: 10 / 50
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Surroundings  |
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Card: 11 / 50
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What distinguishes thinking from mere observation, such as when viewing a painting? |
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Card: 12 / 50
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Thinking involves interpreting deeper meanings and relating them to existing knowledge.  |
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Card: 13 / 50
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Fill in the blank: Organized and goal-directed thinking is essential for completing tasks like cooking a meal or solving a ___. |
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Card: 14 / 50
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Math puzzle  |
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Card: 15 / 50
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What are mental images and how do they relate to sensory experiences? |
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Card: 16 / 50
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Mental images are internal representations of sensory experiences within the mind. They allow individuals to visualize places, events, and other sensory information, facilitating thought processes.  |
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Card: 17 / 50
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Fill in the blanks: A memory image closely resembles the object being represented, while an ___ image is a vivid and detailed visual representation of something seen before. |
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Card: 18 / 50
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Eidetic  |
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Card: 19 / 50
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Explain the difference between natural concepts and logical concepts. |
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Card: 20 / 50
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Natural concepts lack a clearly defined set of features and are often based on prototypes, while logical concepts are clearly defined by a specific set of rules or features.  |
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Card: 21 / 50
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True or False: Concept formation is unnecessary for organizing knowledge. |
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Card: 22 / 50
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False. Concept formation helps organize knowledge, making it easily accessible and streamlining thought processes.  |
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Card: 23 / 50
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What are the two types of mental images mentioned in the text? |
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Card: 24 / 50
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The two types of mental images are memory images and eidetic images.  |
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Card: 25 / 50
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Fill in the blank: Concepts help us to ___ our knowledge and make it easily accessible. |
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Card: 26 / 50
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Organize  |
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Card: 27 / 50
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Why is it beneficial to form concepts? |
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Card: 28 / 50
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Forming concepts saves time and effort by streamlining thought processes, allowing for quicker and more efficient cognitive functioning.  |
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Card: 29 / 50
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What is the primary function of concepts in cognition? |
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Card: 30 / 50
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The primary function of concepts is to categorize and organize knowledge based on shared properties and features of ideas and objects.  |
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Card: 31 / 50
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What is a mental set, and how does it affect problem-solving? |
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Card: 32 / 50
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A mental set is the tendency to approach problems in a specific way that has previously been successful. This can lead to inflexibility, making it difficult to consider alternative solutions and potentially hindering effective problem-solving.  |
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Card: 33 / 50
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Lack of motivation can hinder problem-solving. Explain how motivation influences this process. |
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Card: 34 / 50
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Motivation plays a critical role in problem-solving because even intelligent individuals may struggle to engage with problems without the desire or interest to solve them. A lack of motivation can lead to disengagement and ineffective problem-solving strategies.  |
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Card: 35 / 50
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Inductive reasoning is commonly used in problem-solving. Explain what inductive reasoning involves. |
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Card: 36 / 50
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Inductive reasoning involves collecting specific observations or evidence and drawing general conclusions from them. It is often employed in scientific inquiry and everyday decision-making to form hypotheses or theories based on patterns observed in data.  |
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Card: 37 / 50
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Fill in the blank: Deductive reasoning uses ___ to arrive at a conclusion, while inductive reasoning uses ___ to infer general principles. |
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Card: 38 / 50
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Specific premises; generalizations  |
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Card: 39 / 50
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True or False: Analogy is a form of reasoning that only involves comparing two similar objects. |
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Card: 40 / 50
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False. Analogy involves comparing relationships between two different sets of things, highlighting similarities in their relationships rather than merely in their characteristics.  |
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Card: 41 / 50
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What role does reasoning play in problem-solving? |
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Card: 42 / 50
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Reasoning is a cognitive process that involves the analysis of information to draw conclusions, enabling individuals to make informed decisions and solve problems effectively.  |
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Card: 43 / 50
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Fill in the blank: The ability to solve problems can be significantly impaired by a lack of ___. |
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Card: 44 / 50
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Motivation  |
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Card: 45 / 50
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What are the two main types of thinking identified by J.P. Guilford related to creativity? |
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Card: 46 / 50
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Convergent thinking and divergent thinking.  |
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Card: 47 / 50
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In the context of creative thinking, the stage where the problem is clearly defined and information is collected is known as ___? |
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Card: 48 / 50
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Preparation.  |
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Card: 49 / 50
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True or False: Divergent thinking is characterized by seeking a single correct answer to a problem. |
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Card: 50 / 50
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False. Divergent thinking involves exploring multiple possible answers.  |
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 Completed! Keep practicing to master all of them. |
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