What are the two ways individuals can describe themselves in relation to the self?

Individuals can describe themselves as a subject who performs actions (e.g., 'I am a baker') or as an object that is influenced by external factors (e.g., 'I am someone who gets easily hurt').

Personal identity encompasses which characteristics of an individual?

Personal identity includes attributes like name, personal qualities (e.g., honesty, hard work), potential and abilities (e.g., singing, dancing), and beliefs (e.g., faith in God).

___ connects an individual to a specific social or cultural group.

Social identity

True or False: Social identity refers to personal characteristics such as one's name and abilities.

False. Social identity pertains to aspects that connect a person with a community or culture, not personal characteristics.

How do individual experiences influence personality expression in different contexts?

Individual experiences lead to diverse expressions of personality because individuals may react differently in similar situations, influenced by their unique backgrounds and circumstances.

Fill in the blanks: Self and personality are traits that define our being and identity, acquired from our ___ and exhibited through our ___ .

Experiences; behavior

What are the two components of self that define personal and social existence?

The two components of self are personal identity and social identity.

Self-concept is primarily defined as an individual's ___ and ___ about their abilities and traits.

Perception and beliefs

True or False: Self-esteem has no impact on an individual's behavior.

False; self-esteem significantly correlates with everyday behavior.

Children develop self-esteem in at least ___ areas by the age of 6-7 years.

Four

High self-esteem in children is often associated with ___ performance in school.

Better

Self-efficacy is rooted in Bandura's ___ theory.

Social learning

True or False: A strong sense of self-efficacy can lead to increased fear and anxiety in individuals.

False; it reduces fear and empowers individuals.

What are some psychological techniques used for self-control?

Self-observation, self-instruction, and self-reward.

Self-regulation refers to the capacity to control and manage our ___ and ___ .

Actions and behavior

Positive and supportive parenting helps foster ___ self-esteem in children.

High

Individuals who believe they are responsible for their life outcomes exhibit high levels of ___ .

Self-efficacy

In which culture is there a clear separation between the individual and the cultural group?

Western culture

True or False: Indian culture is characterized by individualism.

False. Indian culture is collectivistic in nature.

The degree of dependency between the self and the group is higher in ___ culture.

Indian culture

What distinguishes Western culture from Indian culture regarding individual identity?

In Western culture, individuals maintain their individuality and independence, while in Indian culture, individuality is less distinct and coexists with the group.

Fill in the blank: The boundaries between the self and group are distinct in ___ cultures.

Western

The term 'personality' is derived from the Latin word 'persona,' which referred to ___ in ancient Roman theatre.

The mask worn by actors

Personality is characterized by ___ in behavior, thought, and emotion across different situations and time periods.

Consistency

True or False: Personality traits are completely unchangeable and do not respond to internal or external situations.

False; personality traits can change in response to internal or external situations.