Erosion is primarily caused by geomorphic agents such as running water, wind, glaciers, and waves. True or False?

True

The two components of running water include overland flow and ___ flow as streams and rivers.

Linear

What is a peneplain and how is it formed?

A peneplain is an almost flat landform created through the extensive erosion by running water, where irregularities such as hills and valleys are worn down over time, leaving low resistant remnants called monadnocks.

In the early stages of river development, what erosional features are commonly found?

Waterfalls and cascades are commonly found as down-cutting dominates in the early stages.

True or False: As a river matures, the velocity of its flow increases due to continued erosion.

False. As a river matures, the velocity decreases due to the gentler gradients and increased deposition.

The youth stage of stream development is characterized by ___ and ___ valleys.

Shallow V-shaped and narrow floodplains

True or False: In the mature stage of stream development, waterfalls and rapids are common features.

False. Waterfalls and rapids disappear in the mature stage.

What type of valley is characterized by very steep to straight sides?

A gorge.

Canyons typically form in ___ bedded sedimentary rocks.

Horizontal

True or False: The valleys in the old age of stream development are generally narrow and steep.

False. The valleys are wide and show natural levees, oxbow lakes, etc.

Potholes are formed due to ___ and the abrasion of rock fragments.

Stream erosion

True or False: Plunge pools are typically formed at the top of waterfalls.

False; plunge pools are formed at the base of waterfalls.

What are incised or entrenched meanders?

They are very deep and wide meanders cut into hard rocks.

River terraces are primarily products of ___ due to vertical erosion.

Erosion by the stream into its own depositional floodplain.

True or False: Deltas develop only at the mouth of rivers where they flow into lakes.

False; deltas develop at the mouth of rivers where they flow into seas or oceans.

Floodplains are a major landform of river deposition and are referred to as ___ in deltas.

Delta plains

True or False: Point bars are found on the concave side of meanders in large rivers.

False. Point bars are found on the convex side of meanders.

The term 'ox-bow lakes' refers to ___ that are formed when meanders are cut off.

Isolated water bodies

What geological features are created by the lateral erosion of banks in braided river systems?

Islands and lateral bars