Water is present in the atmosphere in three forms: gaseous, liquid, and ___.

Solid

True or False: The absolute humidity is defined as the percentage of moisture present in the atmosphere compared to its full capacity.

False. Absolute humidity is the weight of water vapour per unit volume of air.

What is the term for the temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture?

Dew point

Relative humidity is expressed as a percentage of the moisture present in the atmosphere compared to its ___ capacity.

Full

Fill in the blank: The processes of evaporation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation contribute to the continuous exchange of water between the atmosphere and the ___.

Oceans and continents

True or False: The ability of air to hold water vapour is independent of its temperature.

False. The ability of air to hold water vapour depends entirely on its temperature.

What is the definition of humidity in the context of the atmosphere?

Humidity refers to the amount of water vapour present in the air.

Evaporation is primarily caused by ___ in temperature.

An increase

True or False: Condensation can only occur when the temperature of the air is at or below the dew point.

True

The process by which water vapor transforms back into liquid is called ___.

Condensation

Condensation occurs most favorably when ___ decreases.

Air temperature

What happens to water vapor when moist air is cooled beyond its capacity to hold it?

It condenses into liquid form.

Fill in the blank: Condensation results from the cooling of air around small particles known as ___ nuclei.

Hygroscopic

What forms can water take after condensation occurs in the atmosphere?

Dew, frost, fog, and clouds.

Frost forms when the dew point is at or below ___ degrees Celsius.

0

True or False: Dew can form on surfaces when the temperature is below freezing.

False. Dew cannot form below freezing; it forms when the temperature is above freezing.

Frost consists of ___ crystals deposited on surfaces.

Ice

Fog is described as a cloud with its base at or very near to the ___ and can lead to ___ visibility.

Ground; poor to zero

Fog is more prevalent where warm currents of air come in contact with ___ currents.

Cold

What is smog and how is it formed?

Smog is a mixture of fog and smoke, formed when fog is mixed with smoke in urban and industrial areas, where smoke provides nuclei for condensation.