The Adversarial System is characterized by ___ and ___ roles of the judge and the parties involved.

A passive role for the judge and proactive roles for the parties involved

True or False: The Inquisitorial System relies heavily on cross-examination techniques used by lawyers to assess opposing evidence.

False. The Inquisitorial System involves the judge actively determining the facts and issues in dispute with less reliance on cross-examination.

The adversarial system relies heavily on ___ to test the credibility of witnesses.

Cross-examination

True or False: In the adversarial system, judges play an active role in seeking the truth.

False. Judges in the adversarial system evaluate cases based only on the evidence presented.

What does ADR stand for and what is its primary purpose?

ADR stands for Alternative Dispute Resolution, and its primary purpose is to provide a system that offers alternatives to traditional court methods for resolving disputes through non-adversarial techniques.

True or False: The concept of ADR in India was introduced during the British colonial era.

False. The concept of ADR in India predates the British colonial era, as India had its own native ADR techniques before the formal court system influenced by the English legal system.

Fill in the blank: Specialized tribunals during the Vedic age included Kula for family disputes, Shreni for business disputes, and ___ for traders' associations.

Puga

What significant legislation in India granted statutory recognition to ADR?

The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, and The Legal Services Authority Act, 1987, granted statutory recognition to ADR.

True or False: Section 89 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 promotes adversarial litigation.

False. Section 89 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 promotes alternative dispute resolution methods to expedite case disposal and reduce backlog.

List the four referral options a court may provide for dispute resolution under ADR.

The four referral options are: (a) Arbitration, (b) Conciliation, (c) Judicial settlement including Lok Adalat, and (d) Mediation.

What are some of the major challenges faced by law courts in the justice delivery system?

Major challenges include insufficient number of courts and judges, rising litigation, high cost of litigation, and significant delays in case disposal.

What is the consequence of an insufficient number of courts and judges in the justice delivery system?

It leads to a gap in the justice delivery system.

True or False: Rising litigation is attributed to the increasing population and complexity of laws.

True

The high cost of litigation includes expenses such as ___ and ___ fees.

Court and lawyer's

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is generally considered more ___ than traditional court procedures.

Cost-effective

True or False: ADR allows for the involvement of only lawyers in the dispute resolution process.

False. ADR allows for the involvement of non-lawyers as well.