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NEET Exam  >  NEET   >  Chemistry Class 12  >  Flashcards: The d- and f- Block Elements
The d- and f- Block Elements
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Flashcards: The d- and f- Block Elements

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Fill in the blanks: d-Block elements are characterized by the presence of ___ electrons in their ___ orbitals.
D, penultimate
What distinguishes f-Block elements from d-Block elements?
f-Block Elements Distinction Between f-Block and d-Block Elements f-Block elements are characterized by their last electron entering the f-orbital of the antepenultimate shell, indicating their position in the periodic table. In contrast, d-Block elements have their last electron filling the d-orbital of the penultimate shell, which affects their chemical properties and behavior. This distinction influences the electron configuration, reactivity, and overall characteristics of the elements in these two blocks.
True or False: Transition elements are defined as elements with completely filled d-orbitals.
False. Transition elements have partially filled d-orbitals.
Which d-Block element has the most variable oxidation states and what are the ranges of those states?
Manganese (Mn), which exhibits oxidation states from +2 to +7.
What is the primary reason for the high melting and boiling points of d-Block elements?
Strong Metallic Bonding The Properties of d-Block Elements d-Block elements exhibit strong metallic bonding due to the involvement of (n-1)d electrons, which enhances their structural stability. These elements have closely packed crystal structures that allow for efficient bonding, resulting in high melting and boiling points. The significant energy required to break these metallic bonds explains why d-Block elements remain solid at high temperatures.
Riddle: I am a metal that can exist in multiple oxidation states, and my highest state is +7. Who am I?
Manganese (Mn)
Fill in the blank: Potassium dichromate is a strong oxidizing agent in ___ medium.
Acidic
What effect does pH have on potassium dichromate in alkaline conditions?
In alkaline medium, it converts to yellow chromate (Cr₂O₇²⁻ ⇌ 2CrO₄²⁻).
List two physical properties of transition metals.
High tensile strength, malleability
True or False: Lanthanoid contraction refers to the decrease in atomic size across the f-Block elements due to increased shielding by 4f electrons.
False Understanding Lanthanoid Contraction Lanthanoid contraction refers to the decrease in size of lanthanide elements, primarily due to the ineffective shielding of the nuclear charge by the 4f electrons. The poor shielding effect results in increased effective nuclear charge felt by outer electrons, causing a greater pull and smaller atomic radius. This phenomenon influences the chemical properties of lanthanides, leading to similarities in size and behavior among these f-block elements.
What is the primary electronic configuration pattern for lanthanoids?
[Xe] 4f¹⁻¹⁴ 5d⁰⁻¹ 6s²
Which d-Block element is an exception for having a filled d-orbital in its common oxidation state and what is that state?
Zinc (Zn), which has a d¹⁰ configuration.
Riddle: I am known for my purple color and strong oxidizing capabilities in any medium. What am I?
Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄)
What is the general trend of ionization enthalpies across the d-Block elements?
Ionization Enthalpies Trends in d-Block Elements Ionization enthalpies tend to increase across a period, reflecting greater nuclear charge and electron attraction. Certain electron configurations, such as half-filled or fully filled subshells, contribute to irregular trends in ionization energy. Overall, understanding these trends helps predict the reactivity and chemical behavior of d-block elements in various reactions.
What leads to the color of ions in d-Block and f-Block elements?
The color is due to d-d or f-f electronic transitions in partially filled orbitals.
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