What is the primary mechanism by which Herpes Simplex Virus replicates?

The rolling circle mechanism.

Which laboratory method is most reliable for diagnosing Herpes Simplex Virus?

Virus isolation using conventional cell lines.

What is the most common cause of acute sporadic viral encephalitis?

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), primarily HSV-1.

Which serotype of Human Papillomavirus is most commonly associated with cervical cancer?

High-risk types such as HPV 16 and 18.

How does Cytomegalovirus primarily spread?

Through close contact, including oral and respiratory routes.

Which test can detect the presence of inclusion bodies characteristic of Cytomegalovirus?

Detection of 'Owl’s eye appearance' in urine samples.

What is the primary characteristic of the rash associated with chickenpox?

It is vesicular, bilateral, diffuse, and centripetal.

What type of lesions are typically seen in Herpes labialis?

Painful blisters near the lips.

Which virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis?

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).

What is the incubation period for chickenpox?

Ranges from 10 to 21 days.

What is the primary mode of transmission for Parvovirus B19?

Primarily via the respiratory route.

Which vaccine is recommended for the prevention of chickenpox?

A live attenuated vaccine using the Oka strain of VZV.

What is the most common extracutaneous complication of chickenpox?

Central nervous system complications like encephalitis.

Which type of antibodies indicates an active Cytomegalovirus infection?

Presence of IgM antibodies.

What are the common symptoms of Herpes Simplex Virus infection in children?

Gingivostomatitis and pharyngitis.

In adults, where does Herpes Simplex Virus typically reactivate?

In the trigeminal nerve.

What is a major risk factor for developing neonatal herpes?

If the mother has a recent primary infection.

What is the most common complication associated with zoster (shingles)?

Post-herpetic neuralgia.

Which laboratory assay can differentiate between HSV-1 and HSV-2?

Viral antigen detection using direct immunofluorescence.

What type of virus is the Human Papillomavirus?

It is a non-enveloped DNA virus.

Which condition is associated with HHV-6 in children?

Sixth disease, also known as roseola infantum.

What type of rash is characteristic of shingles (zoster)?

Unilateral and segmental vesicular rashes.

What is the effect of Acyclovir on Herpes Simplex Virus?

It blocks the action of viral DNA polymerase.

What type of infections does Ganciclovir treat?

Cytomegalic inclusion disease or retinitis.

Which virus can cause congenital defects when transmitted from mother to fetus?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV).

What is the primary target of Parvovirus B19 within the body?

Red blood cell precursors.

What is a common diagnostic criterion for Infectious Mononucleosis?

Presence of atypical lymphocytes, particularly CD8 T cells.

Which poxvirus was the first disease to be eradicated globally?

Variola (smallpox).

What is the characteristic lesion of Molluscum contagiosum?

Pearly wart-like bumps with a central dimple.

What is the role of EBNA-2 in Epstein-Barr Virus pathogenesis?

It activates the host cell's cyclin-D, promoting cell growth.