What does Gauss Law state about electric flux through a closed surface?

Total electric flux equals charge enclosed divided by permittivity (ϕ = Q/ε₀)

True or False: Electric flux is calculated by multiplying electric field by surface area.

False. Electric flux is electric field multiplied by area projected perpendicular to field.

Fill in the blank: According to Gauss law, total flux linked with closed surface is _____ times charge enclosed.

1/ε₀

A point charge q is inside a cube. What is flux through each face?
A) q/ε₀
B) q/6ε₀
C) q/3ε₀
D) 6q/ε₀

B) q/6ε₀

What happens to net electric flux when no charges are enclosed by surface?

Net electric flux remains zero; field lines entering equal field lines leaving.

Which charges contribute to electric flux through any closed surface?

Only charges enclosed within the surface; outside charges don't contribute.

True or False: Changing magnetic fields can act as sources of electric fields in Gauss law.

False. Only electric charges can act as sources or sinks of electric fields.

What is the electric field at distance r from infinite line charge?
A) λ/4πrε₀
B) λ/2πrε₀
C) λ/πrε₀
D) 2λ/πrε₀

B) λ/2πrε₀

Fill in the blank: Electric field near plane sheet of charge is E = _____.

Σ/2ε₀

What is electric field between two parallel plates of a capacitor?

E = σ/ε₀, where σ is surface charge density

Why is cylindrical Gaussian surface used for infinite line charge analysis?

Because charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry with radial electric field pattern.

True or False: Electric field is parallel to curved surface of cylindrical Gaussian surface.

False. Electric field is perpendicular to curved surface, parallel to flat surfaces.

What angle does electric field make with top/bottom surfaces of cylindrical Gaussian surface?
A) 0°
B) 30°
C) 60°
D) 90°

D) 90°

Fill in the blank: For infinite wire, net charge enclosed by cylinder is _____.

Λl (where λ is linear charge density, l is length)

A uniform field E = 100 N/C exists in X-direction. What's flux through 10 cm square in Y-Z plane?

1 N⋅m²/C (Φ = E⋅ΔS = 100 × 0.01 = 1)

What determines the direction of electric field near a plane charge sheet?

Field points away from sheet in direction perpendicular to sheet surface.

True or False: Gauss law is just a restatement of Coulomb's law.

True. Applying Gauss theorem to point charge in sphere gives Coulomb's law.

Which Gaussian surface is appropriate for spherically symmetric charge distribution?
A) Cylinder
B) Cube
C) Sphere
D) Pillbox

C) Sphere

Fill in the blank: For planar symmetry, _____ Gaussian surface is most appropriate.

Pillbox

What happens to potential difference when outer conducting shell gets additional charge?

Potential difference between inner sphere and shell remains unchanged.

Why doesn't external charge on shell affect potential difference between inner surfaces?

External charge changes all internal potentials by same amount, difference stays constant.

True or False: Inner surface of conductor always has charge equal and opposite to enclosed charge.

True. This follows from Gauss law and zero field inside conductor.

What is the relationship between Φₑ and enclosed charge Q?
A) Φₑ = Q
B) Φₑ = Q/ε₀
C) Φₑ = Qε₀
D) Φₑ = Q/2ε₀

B) Φₑ = Q/ε₀

Fill in the blank: Divergence of electric field equals _____ at any point in space.

Ρ/ε₀ (volume charge density divided by permittivity)

What symmetry types are used when applying Gauss law for field calculations?

Spherical symmetry, cylindrical symmetry, and planar symmetry

True or False: Electric field inside a conductor is always zero.

True. This is fundamental property used in Gauss law applications.

When is Gauss law most useful for calculating electric fields?

When charge distribution has high symmetry (spherical, cylindrical, or planar)

Fill in the blank: Surface integral ∫∫ E⋅dA represents _____ through the surface.

Electric flux