What is the RMS value of a sinusoidal voltage with peak value 100V?

70.7V (RMS = peak ÷ √2)

True or False: Impedance is the DC opposition to current flow.

False. Impedance is the AC opposition to current flow.

A capacitor has reactance XC = _____.

1/(ωC) or 1/(2πfC)

Which type of power is measured in watts (W)?
A) Reactive power
B) Apparent power
C) Real power
D) Complex power

C) Real power

What happens when XL equals XC in a series RLC circuit?

Circuit resonance occurs and impedance becomes purely resistive.

How do you calculate apparent power in AC circuits?

S = Vrms × Irms (volt-amperes)

In a balanced three-phase wye connection, VLL = _____ VLN.

√3 × VLN

True or False: Power factor is the ratio of reactive power to apparent power.

False. Power factor is real power divided by apparent power.

What is the unit of reactive power?

VAR (volt-amperes reactive)

Which component stores energy in an electric field?
A) Resistor
B) Inductor
C) Capacitor
D) Transformer

C) Capacitor

At resonance, what is the phase angle between voltage and current?

0° (voltage and current are in phase)

The turns ratio of a transformer is a = N₂/_____.

N₁ (primary turns)

True or False: Inductive reactance increases with frequency.

True. XL = ωL = 2πfL

What does a lagging power factor indicate about the load?

The load is inductive (current lags voltage).

In phasor form, how is impedance Z = R + jX expressed?

|Z|∠θ where θ = arctan(X/R)

Series impedances combine by _____ addition.

Direct (Z₁ + Z₂ + Z₃...)

What is the resonant frequency formula for RLC circuits?

F₀ = 1/(2π√LC)

Which connection has equal line and phase voltages?
A) Wye only
B) Delta only
C) Both
D) Neither

B) Delta only

True or False: Quality factor Q equals ωL/R for series RLC circuits.

True. Q = ωL/R = 1/(ωRC)

Power factor correction typically adds _____ to inductive loads.

Capacitance (capacitors in parallel)

What is admittance Y in terms of impedance Z?

Y = 1/Z = G + jB

In three-phase systems, phases are separated by _____ degrees.

120°

True or False: Maximum power transfer occurs when ZL = Zth.

False. Maximum power transfer occurs when ZL = Z*th.

Bandwidth of a resonant circuit equals f₀/_____.

Q (quality factor)

Which power component causes no energy dissipation?
A) Real power
B) Reactive power
C) Apparent power
D) Average power

B) Reactive power

What happens to capacitive reactance as frequency increases?

It decreases (XC = 1/(2πfC))

In delta connection, IL = _____ Iφ.

√3 × Iφ

True or False: Transformers can change both voltage and current levels.

True. V₂/V₁ = N₂/N₁ and I₂/I₁ = N₁/N₂

Complex power S = P + jQ has magnitude equal to _____.

Apparent power |S|

What is the impedance of a 10mH inductor at 60Hz?

J3.77Ω (ZL = jωL = j2π×60×0.01)

For maximum power transfer, what fraction of total power reaches the load?

50% (half dissipated in source resistance)