What did Acharya Kanada call the smallest indivisible particles of matter?

Parmanus

True or False: The concept of atom originated from experimental observations rather than imagination.

False. The concept originated as an imaginary idea, not from experiments.

Fill in the blank: J.J. Thomson discovered the _____ in 1897.

Electron

What charge does an electron carry?
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Neutral
D) Variable

B) Negative

In Thomson's plum pudding model, what did the plums represent?

Electrons distributed throughout the positively charged sphere

What was the most surprising observation in Rutherford's gold foil experiment?

A few alpha particles bounced back completely

True or False: According to Rutherford, most of an atom is empty space.

True

Fill in the blank: The nucleus is approximately _____ times smaller than the atom.

10⁵ (one lakh)

What are the fixed circular paths of electrons called in Bohr's model?
A) Orbits
B) Shells
C) Energy levels
D) All of the above

D) All of the above

Which shell has the highest energy: K, L, or M?

M shell

Who discovered the neutron and in which year?

James Chadwick in 1932

True or False: Neutrons are found in all atoms including hydrogen.

False. Neutrons are found in all atoms except hydrogen.

Fill in the blank: The symbol for atomic number is _____.

Z

What determines the identity of an element?
A) Mass number
B) Atomic number
C) Number of neutrons
D) Electronic configuration

B) Atomic number

Calculate the mass number if protons = 6 and neutrons = 8.

14

What is the maximum number of electrons in the L shell?

8 electrons

True or False: The valency of noble gases is zero.

True

Fill in the blank: Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called _____.

Isotopes

Which isotope of uranium is used as nuclear fuel?
A) ²³⁴U
B) ²³⁵U
C) ²³⁶U
D) ²³⁸U

B) ²³⁵U

What are atoms called when they have same mass number but different atomic numbers?

Isobars

Why don't electrons fall into the nucleus in Bohr's model?

They move in fixed energy levels where energy remains constant

If chlorine has 17 electrons, what is its electronic configuration?

2, 8, 7

True or False: Chemical properties of isotopes are different because they have different masses.

False. Chemical properties are similar because they have same electronic configuration.