Shoot apical meristem (SAM) is a dome of dividing cells at the tip of the terminal bud that forms the 3 tissue systems: -protoderm, ground tissue and procambium. 2. At the edges are leaf PRIMORDIA, which grow to form leaves.
India is a agricultural based country. so definitely there is a lot of opportunities. .....
Job Opportunities in Biotechnology
Biotechnology professionals can work in many organizations under the following positions
Medical Scientists.
Biological Technician.
Biomedical Engineers.
Microbiologists.
EpidemiologistsR&D and Process Development Scientists.
Biomanufacturing Specialists.
BioProduc... moretion Operators.
Medical and Clinical Lab Technologists and Technician
Biotechnology Salary in India.
An average starting salary is from 10k to 20k per month. The salary varies in case of a government job. One can earn up to 3,11,000P/A with 1-4 years of experience As the work experience grows one can minimum earn up to 8,70,000 P/A.
Top 10 Biotechnology Universities In India 2019
Some popular Biotechnology universities in India as follows
Uttaranchal University, DehradunPES University, BangaloreGraphic Era University – [GEU], DehradunAmity University, NoidaSwami Rama Himalayan University – [SRHU], DehradunBanaras Hindu University, VaranasiChrist University, BangaloreSymbiosis International University, PuneChandigarh UniversityAligarh Muslim University
Chromatin is a dynamic molecule that exists in many configurations. ...Euchromatin is typically a gene‐rich open chromatin, whereasheterochromatin is maintained in a condensed state that replicates late and contains primary repetitive sequences but relatively few genes.
A biosensor is a biological detection system consists of a biological component combined with a transducer to perform measurement of a biochemical quantity. The development of biosensors started with the invention of enzyme electrodes by Leland C. Clark in 1962.
A typical biosensor includes a bioelement such as an enzyme, antibody, or a cell receptor, and a sensing element or a transduc... moreer. These two elements are combined together through a number of methods such as covalent bonding, matrix entrapment, physical adsorption and membrane entrapment.
Working Principle of Biosensors
Biosensors are operated based on the principle of signal transduction. These components include a bio-recognition element, a biotransducer and an electronic system composed of a display, processor and amplifier.
The bio-recognition element, essentially a bioreceptor, is allowed to interact with a specific analyte. The transducer measures this interaction and outputs a signal. The intensity of the signal output is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The signal is then amplified and processed by the electrorespons Fast response ttimAbility to measure non-polar molecules that cannot be estimated by other conventional devices.
Applications of Biosensors
Some of the major applications of biosensors are listed below:
Monitoring glucose level in diabetes patients
Food analysis
Environmental applications
Protein engineering and drug discovery applications
Wastewater treatment.
The trends in biosensor technology over the past 30 years have taken this equipment from simple and cheap components to the integration of several sensor systems into one unit including multiple analytes, making these systems smaller and tailored for mass production. The vision for the biosensor industry is to create microscale technology that will be suitable for performing sample preparation, analysis and diagnosis all with one chip.
The current men's world record of 9.58 s is held by Usain Bolt of Jamaica, set at the 2009 World Athletics Championships final in Berlin, Germany on 16 August 2009, breaking his own previous world record by 0.11 s.
PEG 3350 is a polyethylene glycol that has an average molecular weight of 3350 g/mol. PEG's are polymers that can be used to precipitate DNA, RNA, proteins and viruses. Storage/Handling: Store in a dry and well ventilated place.
Animal cells are more difficult to culture than microorganisms because they require many more nutrients and typically grow only when attached to specially coated surfaces. Despite these difficulties, various types of animal cells, including both undifferentiated and differentiated ones, can be cultured successfully.
Nitrogen is both the most abundant element in the atmosphere and, as a building block of proteins and nucleic acids such as DNA, a crucially important component of all biological life. The nitrogen cycle is a complex biogeochemical cycle in which nitrogen is converted from its inert atmospheric molecular form (N2) into a form that is useful in biological processes.
The microbial contamination of animal cell culture, including stem cells, such as the blood stem cells, is a common problem of cell culture laboratories. It is important to identify the types of microorganisms commonly contaminating the cell culture and the sources of contaminating microorganisms, as well as see their effects on cells in culture. This mini review provides a short account of common... more microbial contaminations of stem cell and animal cell cultures, their detection and elimination, as well as standard practices to ensure a healthy and sterile cell culture, and a brief account of methods used for identification of contaminating microorganisms in cell culture.
It is isolated from a heat-loving bacterium that is naturally found in hot springs, so the enzyme doesn't break down at the high temperatures necessary for copying DNA using a polymerase chain reaction. At high temperatures, Taq polymerase attaches nucleotides to a DNA template, thereby copying the DNA.
The acronym "GERL" stands for Golgi - Endoplasmic Reticulum - Lysosomal complex. These organelles form a system that when combined with the endocytotic and exocytotic pathways provide a means by which the cell can. 1. process endocytosed and synthesized materials, 2. "
Protoplast Isolation. Protoplasts are cells which have had their cell wall removed, usually by digestion with enzymes. Cellulase enzymes digest the cellulose in plant cell walls while pectinase enzymes break down the pectin holding cells together.
Firstly you have passed in 10+2 with good %. and also you have a biology subject in 10+2 .after that for your graduation you can choose both B.tech biotech if( math) is available or B.sc biotech in any of the honours subjects
Diffrence between Holocarpic andEucarpic 1. Holocarpic Denoting a fungus in which the entire thallus is differentiated into a reproductive sporangium when mature.
Eucarpic Denoting a fungus in which the thallus is differentiated into vegetative and reproductive regions.
Holocarpic (Holocarpism)
Whole thallus of fungus becomes converted into a reproductive cell*
Found among:
1. Chytridiomycota
2. Hyphochytridiomycota
3. Plasmodiophoromycota
4. Oomycota
5. Ascomycota
6. Basidiomycota**
7. Fungi imperfecti
2. Eucarpic (Eucarpism) Thallus
- differentiates into distinct vegetative and reproductive portions
- found among all divisions
trends to complexity (hyphal construction)
1. Monocentric (monocentrism)
Thallus consists of single reproductive cell attached to