UPSC

Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to the item should be based on the Passage only.

Passage-3

Genome editing is different from genome modification. Genome editing typically involves finding the part of a plant genome that could be changed to render it less vulnerable to disease, or resistant to certain herbicides, or to increase yields. Researchers use ‘molecular scissors’ to dissect the genome and repair it, Which is a process that occurs naturally when plants are under attack from diseases and can throw up new mutations that enable the plant to survive future attacks. This evolutionary process can effectively be speeded up now that it is possible to examine plant genomes in detail in laboratories, and create mechanisms through which the relevant genes can be altered very precisely.

With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:

1. Genome editing does not require the transfer of genes from one plant to another.
2. Through genome editing, the chosen genes can be altered precisely in a manner akin to the natural process that helps plants to adapt to the environmental factors.

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.

Passage-1

Spanish ships in the late 16th century first brought the potato tuber from South America to Europe whereby in the early 19th century, it bad become a reliable backup to cereal crops, particularly in the cold, rain-soaked soils of Ireland. The Irish were soon almost wholly dependent on the potato as their staple food. And they were planting primarily one prodigious variety, the ‘Lumper' potato, whose genetic frailty would be cruelly exposed by the fungus 'Phytophthora infestans’. In 1845, spores of the deadly fungus began spreading across the country, destroying nearly all the Lumpers in its path. The resulting famine killed or displaced millions.

Which one or the following statements best reflects the critical message or the passage?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to these item should be based on the passages only.

Passage-5

Although most of the Genetically Modified (GM) crops cultivated now are genetically engineered for a single trait, in future, crops genetically engineered for more than one trait will be the norm. Thus, biotechnology's role in agriculture and the regulation or the same cannot be understood solely in the context of the current generation of GM crops. Instead, there is a need to take a comprehensive look, taking into account various aspects, including socio-economic impacts, so that the potential or the technology can be harnessed while minimizing negative impacts. Given the importance of biotechnology in developing varieties that can help in climate change mitigation and adaptation, not using biotechnology as a part of the climate change action plan cannot be an option. Domestic regulation of biotechnology cannot be viewed in isolation of trade policy and obligations under various international treaties and conventions.

With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:

1. Biotechnology regulation is an evolving process.
2. Participation of people is needed in policy decisions regarding biotechnology regulation.
3. Biotechnology regulation should take into account socio-economic aspects in decision-making.
4. Wider involvement of political executive in biotechnology regulation improves its effectiveness in dealing with the country’s trade Policies and international obligations.

Which of the above assumptions are valid?

1. यह एक अखिल भारतीय योजना है जिसमें जैव प्रौद्योगिकी विभाग की सहायता से देश के हर जिले में स्टार कॉलेज खोलने की परिकल्पना की गई है।

2. इस योजना में प्रति माह कार्यशालाएं आयोजित करने और विशेष रूप से ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों या कम संपन्न क्षेत्रों में हैंड होल्डिंग तथा सरकारी स्कूलों के साथ पहुंच गतिविधियां आयोजित करने की परिकल्‍पना की गई है।

समुद्र के स्तर में वृद्धि के मुख्य रूप से कारण हैं

सही उत्तर कूट चुनिए:

Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.

Passage-5

Economic liberalization in India was shaped largely by the economic problems of the government than by the economic priorities of the people or by the long-term development objectives. Thus, there were limitations in conception and design which have been subsequently validated by experience. Jobless growth, persistent poverty and rising inequality have mounted as problems since economic liberalization began. And all these years later, four quiet crises confront the economy: agriculture infrastructure, industrialization and education as constraints on the country’s future prospects. These problems must be resolved if economic growth has to be sustained and transformed into meaningful development.

Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical Inference/ Inferences that can be made from the passage?

1. It is essential to rethink and redefine the economic role of the state in the quest for development.
2. India has not made effective implementation of its policies in social sectors nor made sufficient investments in them.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

लोक निधि के फ्रलोत्पादक और आशयित प्रयोग को सुरक्षित करने के साथ साथ भारत में नियंत्रक महालेखा परीक्षक (CAG) के कार्यालय का महत्त्व क्या है?

(1) CAG संसद की और से राजकोष पर नियंत्रण रखता है जब भारत का राष्ट्रपति राष्ट्रीय आपत/वित्तीय आपत घोषित करता है 
(2) CAG की मंत्रालयों द्वारा कार्यानिवत परियोजनाओं या कार्यक्रमों पर जारी किये गए प्रतिवेदनो पर लोक लेखा समिमि विचार विमर्श करती है 
(3) CAG के प्रतिवेदनो से मिली जानकारियों के आधार पर चार्जकर्ता एजेंसिया उन लोगो के विरुद्ध आरोप दाखिल कर सकती है जिन्होंने लोकनिधि प्रबंधन में कानेन का उलघन किया हो 
(4) CAG को ऐसी निश्चित न्यायिक शक्तिया प्राप्त है कि सरकारी कंपनियों के लेखा परीक्षा और लेखा जांचते समय वह कानून का उलंघन करने वालो पर अभियोग लगा सके 

उपयुक्त में से कौन सा कथन सही है 

1. युद्ध के कारण अपूर्ण इंटर्नशिप वाले विदेशी मेडिकल स्नातक भारत में इंटर्नशिप के शेष हिस्से को पूरा करने के लिए आवेदन कर सकते हैं।
2. राज्य चिकित्सा परिषदों को यह सुनिश्चित करना होगा कि भारत में इंटर्नशिप पूरा करने के लिए आवेदन करने वाले उम्मीदवारों ने विदेशी मेडिकल स्नातक परीक्षा (एफएमजीई) को पास कर लिया हो ।