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1. What is a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle?
Ans. The Rankine Vapour Power Cycle is a thermodynamic cycle used in power plants to generate electricity. It involves the conversion of heat energy into mechanical work, which is then used to drive a turbine connected to an electrical generator. The cycle operates on the principle of a working fluid (typically water) being heated in a boiler to produce high-pressure steam, which expands through a turbine, and then condensed back into liquid form in a condenser before being pumped back to the boiler to repeat the cycle.
2. What are the main components of a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle?
Ans. The main components of a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle include a boiler, turbine, condenser, and pump. The boiler is responsible for heating the working fluid and producing high-pressure steam. The steam then enters the turbine, where it expands, causing the turbine blades to rotate and generate mechanical work. After exiting the turbine, the steam enters the condenser, where it is cooled and condensed back into liquid form. Finally, the pump is used to increase the pressure of the condensed liquid, returning it to the boiler for reheating.
3. What is the purpose of a condenser in a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle?
Ans. The condenser plays a crucial role in the Rankine Vapour Power Cycle. Its purpose is to cool and condense the steam exiting the turbine back into liquid form. This condensation process releases latent heat, which is rejected to a cooling medium (typically water or air). By converting the steam back into liquid, the condenser enables the working fluid to be re-circulated back to the boiler, reducing the overall energy consumption of the cycle.
4. Why is water commonly used as the working fluid in a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle?
Ans. Water is commonly used as the working fluid in a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle due to its favorable properties. Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and release a large amount of heat energy without a significant change in temperature. It also has a high latent heat of vaporization, allowing for efficient heat transfer during the phase change from liquid to steam. Additionally, water is abundant, non-toxic, and cost-effective, making it a practical choice for power plant applications.
5. What are the advantages of a Rankine Vapour Power Cycle?
Ans. The Rankine Vapour Power Cycle offers several advantages. Firstly, it allows for the utilization of various heat sources, including fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable sources such as geothermal or solar energy. This flexibility makes it adaptable to different power plant configurations. Secondly, the cycle's closed-loop design enables the re-use of the working fluid, reducing water consumption and environmental impact. Finally, the Rankine cycle has a high thermal efficiency, making it an efficient method of converting heat energy into mechanical work and electricity.
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