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NCERT Textbook: Structure of Atom | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE PDF Download

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Structure of Atom - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What is the structure of an atom?
Ans. The structure of an atom consists of a positively charged nucleus at the center, which contains protons and neutrons. Electrons orbit the nucleus in different energy levels or shells.
2. How are protons and neutrons arranged in the nucleus?
Ans. Protons and neutrons are arranged in the nucleus in a compact manner. The protons, which carry a positive charge, are densely packed together, while the neutrons, which are neutral, are also tightly packed within the nucleus.
3. What are energy levels or shells in an atom?
Ans. Energy levels or shells in an atom refer to the different orbits or paths followed by electrons around the nucleus. These shells are labeled as K, L, M, N, and so on, with K being the closest to the nucleus and having the lowest energy.
4. How do electrons occupy the energy levels or shells?
Ans. Electrons occupy the energy levels or shells in a specific order known as the Aufbau principle. According to this principle, electrons fill the lowest energy level first before moving on to the next higher level. Each energy level can hold a specific maximum number of electrons.
5. What is the significance of the atomic structure in determining the properties of elements?
Ans. The atomic structure plays a crucial role in determining the properties of elements. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the element's atomic number, which determines its identity. The arrangement of electrons in the energy levels determines the element's chemical properties, such as reactivity and bonding behavior.
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