Class 8 Exam  >  Class 8 Notes  >  Mathematics (Maths) Class 8  >  Profit, Loss, Discount and Value Added Tax (VAT) - Exercise 13.2

Profit, Loss, Discount and Value Added Tax (VAT) - Exercise 13.2 | Mathematics (Maths) Class 8 PDF Download

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 Page 1


 
 
 
 
 
 
EXERCISE 13.2                                                  PAGES NO: 13.26 
 
1. Find the S.P. if  
(i) M.P. = Rs 1300 and Discount = 10%  
(ii) M.P. = Rs 500 and Discount = 15% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
M.P. = 1300 
Discount = 10% 
By using the formulas 
SP = Marked price (MP) – Discount 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
Discount% = (Discount)/M.P. × 100 
 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (1300×10)/100 
                = Rs 130 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (1300 - 130) = Rs 1170 
 
(ii) Given, 
M.P. = 500 
Discount = 15% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (500×15)/100 
                = Rs 75 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (500 - 75) = Rs 425 
 
2. Find the M.P. if  
(i) S.P. = Rs 1222 and Discount = 6%  
(ii) S.P. = Rs 495 and Discount = 1% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
SP = Rs 1222 
Discount = 6% 
By using the formula 
Page 2


 
 
 
 
 
 
EXERCISE 13.2                                                  PAGES NO: 13.26 
 
1. Find the S.P. if  
(i) M.P. = Rs 1300 and Discount = 10%  
(ii) M.P. = Rs 500 and Discount = 15% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
M.P. = 1300 
Discount = 10% 
By using the formulas 
SP = Marked price (MP) – Discount 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
Discount% = (Discount)/M.P. × 100 
 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (1300×10)/100 
                = Rs 130 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (1300 - 130) = Rs 1170 
 
(ii) Given, 
M.P. = 500 
Discount = 15% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (500×15)/100 
                = Rs 75 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (500 - 75) = Rs 425 
 
2. Find the M.P. if  
(i) S.P. = Rs 1222 and Discount = 6%  
(ii) S.P. = Rs 495 and Discount = 1% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
SP = Rs 1222 
Discount = 6% 
By using the formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
       = (100 × 1222) / (100 - 6) 
       = 122200/94 
       = Rs 1300 
 
(ii) Given, 
SP = Rs 495 
Discount = 1% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 495) / (100 - 1) 
      = 49500/99 
      = Rs 500 
 
3. Find the discount in percent when  
(i) M.P. = Rs. 900 and S.P. = Rs. 873 
(ii) M.P. = Rs. 500 and S.P. = Rs. 425 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
MP = Rs 900 
SP = Rs 873 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                   = (900-873)/900 × 100 
                   = 27/900 × 100 
                   = 3% 
 
(ii) Given, 
MP = Rs 500 
SP = Rs 425 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                  = (500-425)/500 × 100 
                  = 75/500 × 100 
                  = 15% 
 
4. A shop selling sewing machines offers 3% discount on all cash purchases. What 
cash amount does a customer pay for a sewing machine the price of which is marked 
as Rs 650. 
Page 3


 
 
 
 
 
 
EXERCISE 13.2                                                  PAGES NO: 13.26 
 
1. Find the S.P. if  
(i) M.P. = Rs 1300 and Discount = 10%  
(ii) M.P. = Rs 500 and Discount = 15% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
M.P. = 1300 
Discount = 10% 
By using the formulas 
SP = Marked price (MP) – Discount 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
Discount% = (Discount)/M.P. × 100 
 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (1300×10)/100 
                = Rs 130 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (1300 - 130) = Rs 1170 
 
(ii) Given, 
M.P. = 500 
Discount = 15% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (500×15)/100 
                = Rs 75 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (500 - 75) = Rs 425 
 
2. Find the M.P. if  
(i) S.P. = Rs 1222 and Discount = 6%  
(ii) S.P. = Rs 495 and Discount = 1% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
SP = Rs 1222 
Discount = 6% 
By using the formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
       = (100 × 1222) / (100 - 6) 
       = 122200/94 
       = Rs 1300 
 
(ii) Given, 
SP = Rs 495 
Discount = 1% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 495) / (100 - 1) 
      = 49500/99 
      = Rs 500 
 
3. Find the discount in percent when  
(i) M.P. = Rs. 900 and S.P. = Rs. 873 
(ii) M.P. = Rs. 500 and S.P. = Rs. 425 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
MP = Rs 900 
SP = Rs 873 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                   = (900-873)/900 × 100 
                   = 27/900 × 100 
                   = 3% 
 
(ii) Given, 
MP = Rs 500 
SP = Rs 425 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                  = (500-425)/500 × 100 
                  = 75/500 × 100 
                  = 15% 
 
4. A shop selling sewing machines offers 3% discount on all cash purchases. What 
cash amount does a customer pay for a sewing machine the price of which is marked 
as Rs 650. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Solution: 
Given, 
MP = Rs 650 
Discount = 3% 
So, 3% of MP = 3/100 × 650 
                        = Rs 19.5 
MP = MP – discount 
       = 650 – 19.5 
       = Rs 630.5 
? Customer has to pay Rs 630.50 
 
5. The marked price of a ceiling fan is Rs 720. During off season, it is sold for Rs. 
684. Determine the discount percent. 
Solution: 
Given, 
MP = Rs 720 
SP = Rs 684 
By using the formula, 
Discount = M.P. – S.P. 
               = 720 - 684 = Rs 36 
Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100 
                   = 36/720 × 100 
                   = 5%  
? Discount% is 5% 
 
6. On the eve of Gandhi Jayanti a saree is sold for Rs. 720 after allowing 20% 
discount. What is its marked price? 
Solution: 
Given, 
SP of the saree = Rs 720 
Discount = 20% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 720) / (100 - 20) 
      = 72000/80 
      = Rs 900 
? Marked Price = Rs 900 
 
 
Page 4


 
 
 
 
 
 
EXERCISE 13.2                                                  PAGES NO: 13.26 
 
1. Find the S.P. if  
(i) M.P. = Rs 1300 and Discount = 10%  
(ii) M.P. = Rs 500 and Discount = 15% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
M.P. = 1300 
Discount = 10% 
By using the formulas 
SP = Marked price (MP) – Discount 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
Discount% = (Discount)/M.P. × 100 
 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (1300×10)/100 
                = Rs 130 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (1300 - 130) = Rs 1170 
 
(ii) Given, 
M.P. = 500 
Discount = 15% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (500×15)/100 
                = Rs 75 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (500 - 75) = Rs 425 
 
2. Find the M.P. if  
(i) S.P. = Rs 1222 and Discount = 6%  
(ii) S.P. = Rs 495 and Discount = 1% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
SP = Rs 1222 
Discount = 6% 
By using the formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
       = (100 × 1222) / (100 - 6) 
       = 122200/94 
       = Rs 1300 
 
(ii) Given, 
SP = Rs 495 
Discount = 1% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 495) / (100 - 1) 
      = 49500/99 
      = Rs 500 
 
3. Find the discount in percent when  
(i) M.P. = Rs. 900 and S.P. = Rs. 873 
(ii) M.P. = Rs. 500 and S.P. = Rs. 425 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
MP = Rs 900 
SP = Rs 873 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                   = (900-873)/900 × 100 
                   = 27/900 × 100 
                   = 3% 
 
(ii) Given, 
MP = Rs 500 
SP = Rs 425 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                  = (500-425)/500 × 100 
                  = 75/500 × 100 
                  = 15% 
 
4. A shop selling sewing machines offers 3% discount on all cash purchases. What 
cash amount does a customer pay for a sewing machine the price of which is marked 
as Rs 650. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Solution: 
Given, 
MP = Rs 650 
Discount = 3% 
So, 3% of MP = 3/100 × 650 
                        = Rs 19.5 
MP = MP – discount 
       = 650 – 19.5 
       = Rs 630.5 
? Customer has to pay Rs 630.50 
 
5. The marked price of a ceiling fan is Rs 720. During off season, it is sold for Rs. 
684. Determine the discount percent. 
Solution: 
Given, 
MP = Rs 720 
SP = Rs 684 
By using the formula, 
Discount = M.P. – S.P. 
               = 720 - 684 = Rs 36 
Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100 
                   = 36/720 × 100 
                   = 5%  
? Discount% is 5% 
 
6. On the eve of Gandhi Jayanti a saree is sold for Rs. 720 after allowing 20% 
discount. What is its marked price? 
Solution: 
Given, 
SP of the saree = Rs 720 
Discount = 20% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 720) / (100 - 20) 
      = 72000/80 
      = Rs 900 
? Marked Price = Rs 900 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. After allowing a discount of 7½ % on the marked price, an article is sold for Rs. 
555. Find its marked price. 
Solution: 
Given, 
SP of the article = Rs 555 
Discount = 7½ % = 15/2% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 555) / (100 – (15/2)) 
      = (100 × 555) / ((200 – 15)/2) 
      = (100 × 555) / (92.5) 
      = 55500/92.5 
      = Rs 600 
? Marked Price = Rs 600 
 
8. A shopkeeper allows his customers 10% off on the marked price of goods and still 
gets a profit of 25%. What is the actual cost to him of an article marked Rs. 250? 
Solution: 
Given, 10% off on marked price 
M.P. = 250 
Discount = 10% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (250×10)/100 
                = Rs 25 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (250 - 25) = Rs 225 
 
And 25% profit he gets additionally, 
So, by using the formula, 
CP = 100 / (100 + Gain %) × SP 
      = 100 / (100 + 25) × 225 
      = 100/125 × 225 
      = 180 
? Actual cost of the article is Rs 180 
 
9. A shopkeeper allows 20% off on the marked price of goods and still gets a profit 
of 25%. What is the actual cost to him of an article marked Rs. 500? 
Solution: 
Page 5


 
 
 
 
 
 
EXERCISE 13.2                                                  PAGES NO: 13.26 
 
1. Find the S.P. if  
(i) M.P. = Rs 1300 and Discount = 10%  
(ii) M.P. = Rs 500 and Discount = 15% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
M.P. = 1300 
Discount = 10% 
By using the formulas 
SP = Marked price (MP) – Discount 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
Discount% = (Discount)/M.P. × 100 
 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (1300×10)/100 
                = Rs 130 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (1300 - 130) = Rs 1170 
 
(ii) Given, 
M.P. = 500 
Discount = 15% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (500×15)/100 
                = Rs 75 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (500 - 75) = Rs 425 
 
2. Find the M.P. if  
(i) S.P. = Rs 1222 and Discount = 6%  
(ii) S.P. = Rs 495 and Discount = 1% 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
SP = Rs 1222 
Discount = 6% 
By using the formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
       = (100 × 1222) / (100 - 6) 
       = 122200/94 
       = Rs 1300 
 
(ii) Given, 
SP = Rs 495 
Discount = 1% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 495) / (100 - 1) 
      = 49500/99 
      = Rs 500 
 
3. Find the discount in percent when  
(i) M.P. = Rs. 900 and S.P. = Rs. 873 
(ii) M.P. = Rs. 500 and S.P. = Rs. 425 
Solution: 
(i) Given, 
MP = Rs 900 
SP = Rs 873 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                   = (900-873)/900 × 100 
                   = 27/900 × 100 
                   = 3% 
 
(ii) Given, 
MP = Rs 500 
SP = Rs 425 
By using the formula 
Discount% = (MP - SP)/MP × 100 
                  = (500-425)/500 × 100 
                  = 75/500 × 100 
                  = 15% 
 
4. A shop selling sewing machines offers 3% discount on all cash purchases. What 
cash amount does a customer pay for a sewing machine the price of which is marked 
as Rs 650. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Solution: 
Given, 
MP = Rs 650 
Discount = 3% 
So, 3% of MP = 3/100 × 650 
                        = Rs 19.5 
MP = MP – discount 
       = 650 – 19.5 
       = Rs 630.5 
? Customer has to pay Rs 630.50 
 
5. The marked price of a ceiling fan is Rs 720. During off season, it is sold for Rs. 
684. Determine the discount percent. 
Solution: 
Given, 
MP = Rs 720 
SP = Rs 684 
By using the formula, 
Discount = M.P. – S.P. 
               = 720 - 684 = Rs 36 
Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100 
                   = 36/720 × 100 
                   = 5%  
? Discount% is 5% 
 
6. On the eve of Gandhi Jayanti a saree is sold for Rs. 720 after allowing 20% 
discount. What is its marked price? 
Solution: 
Given, 
SP of the saree = Rs 720 
Discount = 20% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 720) / (100 - 20) 
      = 72000/80 
      = Rs 900 
? Marked Price = Rs 900 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. After allowing a discount of 7½ % on the marked price, an article is sold for Rs. 
555. Find its marked price. 
Solution: 
Given, 
SP of the article = Rs 555 
Discount = 7½ % = 15/2% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 555) / (100 – (15/2)) 
      = (100 × 555) / ((200 – 15)/2) 
      = (100 × 555) / (92.5) 
      = 55500/92.5 
      = Rs 600 
? Marked Price = Rs 600 
 
8. A shopkeeper allows his customers 10% off on the marked price of goods and still 
gets a profit of 25%. What is the actual cost to him of an article marked Rs. 250? 
Solution: 
Given, 10% off on marked price 
M.P. = 250 
Discount = 10% 
By using, 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (250×10)/100 
                = Rs 25 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (250 - 25) = Rs 225 
 
And 25% profit he gets additionally, 
So, by using the formula, 
CP = 100 / (100 + Gain %) × SP 
      = 100 / (100 + 25) × 225 
      = 100/125 × 225 
      = 180 
? Actual cost of the article is Rs 180 
 
9. A shopkeeper allows 20% off on the marked price of goods and still gets a profit 
of 25%. What is the actual cost to him of an article marked Rs. 500? 
Solution: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Given, 20% off on marked price 
MP = 500 
Discount = 20% 
Discount = (MP × Discount %)/100 
               = (500×20)/100 
                = Rs 100 
SP = MP - Discount 
     = (500 - 100) = Rs 400 
 
And 25% profit he gets additionally, 
So, by using the formula, 
CP = 100 / (100 + Gain %) × SP 
      = 100 / (100 + 25) × 400 
      = 100/125 × 400 
      = 320 
? Actual cost of the article is Rs 320 
 
10. A tradesman marks his goods at such a price that after allowing a discount of 
15%, he makes a profit of 20%. What is the marked price of an article whose cost 
price is Rs. 170? 
Solution: 
Given, 
CP of the article = Rs 170 
Profit = 20% 
So, by using the formula, 
Selling price = (100 + Gain %)/100 × CP 
                     = (100 + 20)/100 × 170 
                     = 120/100 × 170 
                     = 204 
SP = Rs 204 
Discount = 15% 
By using the formula 
MP = (100 × SP) / (100 - Discount %) 
      = (100 × 204) / (100 – 15) 
      = (100 × 204) / 85 
      = 20400/85 
      = Rs 240 
? Marked Price = Rs 240 
 
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