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RS Aggarwal Solutions: Exercise 10B - Profit & Loss | Mathematics (Maths) Class 8 PDF Download

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Question:36
The price of a sweater was slashed from Rs 960 to Rs 816 by a shopkeeper in the winter season. Find the rate of discount given by him.
Solution:
Marked Price = Rs 960
Selling Price = Rs 816
Discount = MP - SP
                = Rs 960 -816
                  = Rs 144
Rate of discount = 144 ×
100
960
= 15 %
Therefore, the discount on the sweater is 15%.
Question:37
Find the rate of discount being given on a shirt whose selling price is  1092 after deducting a discount of  208 on its marked price.
Solution:
SP of the shirt = 1,092
Discount = 208
MP = SP + Discount = 1,092 + 208 = 1,300
? Rate of discount = 
Discount
MP
×100 % =
208
1300
×100 % = 16 %
Question:38
After allowing a discount of 8% on a toy, it is sold for Rs 216.20. Find the marked price of the toy.
Solution:
Selling Price = Rs 216.20
Rate of discount = 8%
Marked Price = ?
SP = MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, x -
8
100
×x = 216. 20 ?
92x
100
= 216. 20 ? 92x = 21620 ? x =
21620
92
? x = 235
? Marked price = Rs 235
Question:39
A tea set was bought for Rs 528 after getting a discount of 12% on its marked price. Find the marked price of the tea set.
Solution:
Cost price = Rs 528
Rate of discount = 12%
Marked price = ?
SP= MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, 
x-12
100×x
= 528 ?
88x
100
= 528 ? 88x = 52800 ? x =
52800
88
? x = Rs 600
Therefore, the marked price of tea set is Rs 600.
Question:40
A dealer marks his goods at 35% above the cost price and allows a discount of 20% on the marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 135
Discount = 20% of MP
                =
20
100
×135 = 27
Selling price = marked price - discount
                     = 135 - 27
                     = Rs 108
Now, gain = SP - CP
                  =108 - 100
                   =Rs 8
? Gain percentage =
gain
CP
×100
                            = 
8
100
×100 = 8 %
Question:41
A cellphone was marked at 40% above the cost price and a discount of 30% was given on its marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent made by the shopkeeper.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 140
Discount = 30% of MP
                =
30
100
×140 = 42
Selling Price = marked price - discount
                      = 140 - 42
Page 3


                                     
       
  
     
  
     
  
       
  
         
   
   
           
  
         
  
       
     
 
   
 
          
   
                                    
     
       
         
         
   
  
      
     
   
  
         
  
       
  
                                                                 
          
                       
    
    
     
                 
               
      
                         
         
Question:36
The price of a sweater was slashed from Rs 960 to Rs 816 by a shopkeeper in the winter season. Find the rate of discount given by him.
Solution:
Marked Price = Rs 960
Selling Price = Rs 816
Discount = MP - SP
                = Rs 960 -816
                  = Rs 144
Rate of discount = 144 ×
100
960
= 15 %
Therefore, the discount on the sweater is 15%.
Question:37
Find the rate of discount being given on a shirt whose selling price is  1092 after deducting a discount of  208 on its marked price.
Solution:
SP of the shirt = 1,092
Discount = 208
MP = SP + Discount = 1,092 + 208 = 1,300
? Rate of discount = 
Discount
MP
×100 % =
208
1300
×100 % = 16 %
Question:38
After allowing a discount of 8% on a toy, it is sold for Rs 216.20. Find the marked price of the toy.
Solution:
Selling Price = Rs 216.20
Rate of discount = 8%
Marked Price = ?
SP = MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, x -
8
100
×x = 216. 20 ?
92x
100
= 216. 20 ? 92x = 21620 ? x =
21620
92
? x = 235
? Marked price = Rs 235
Question:39
A tea set was bought for Rs 528 after getting a discount of 12% on its marked price. Find the marked price of the tea set.
Solution:
Cost price = Rs 528
Rate of discount = 12%
Marked price = ?
SP= MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, 
x-12
100×x
= 528 ?
88x
100
= 528 ? 88x = 52800 ? x =
52800
88
? x = Rs 600
Therefore, the marked price of tea set is Rs 600.
Question:40
A dealer marks his goods at 35% above the cost price and allows a discount of 20% on the marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 135
Discount = 20% of MP
                =
20
100
×135 = 27
Selling price = marked price - discount
                     = 135 - 27
                     = Rs 108
Now, gain = SP - CP
                  =108 - 100
                   =Rs 8
? Gain percentage =
gain
CP
×100
                            = 
8
100
×100 = 8 %
Question:41
A cellphone was marked at 40% above the cost price and a discount of 30% was given on its marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent made by the shopkeeper.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 140
Discount = 30% of MP
                =
30
100
×140 = 42
Selling Price = marked price - discount
                      = 140 - 42
                      = Rs 98
Now, loss = CP - SP
                 = 100 - 98
                 = Rs 2
? Loss percentage =
Loss×100
CP
=
2×100
100
= 2 %
Therefore, the shopkeeper had a loss of 2%.
Question:42
A dealer purchased a fan for Rs 1080. After allowing a discount of 25% on its marked price, he gains 25%. Find the marked price of the fan.
Solution:
Cost price of the fan = Rs 1080
Gain percentage = 25%
? Selling price = 
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×CP =
100+25
100
×1080 =
125
100
×1080 = Rs 1350
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Discount = 25% of Rs x
             =
25x
100
SP = MP - discount
? 1350 = X
 - 
25X
100
? 1350 =
100x-25x
100
? 135000 = 75x ? x =
13500
75
? x = 1800
Therefore, the marked price of the fan is Rs 1800
.
Question:43
A dealer bought a refrigerator for Rs 11515. After allowing a discount of 16% on its marked price, he gains 20%. Find the marked price of the refrigerator.
Solution:
Cost price of the refrigerator = Rs 11515
Gain percentage = 20%.
? Selling price =
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×C. P =
100+20
100
×11515 =
120
100
×11515 = Rs 13818
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Discount = 16% of Rs x
                =
16x
100
S.P = MP - Discount
? 13818 = x - 
16x
100
? 13818 =
100x-16x
100
? 1381800 = 84x ? x =
1381800
84
? x = 16450
?Therefore, the marked price of the refrigerator is Rs 16450
.
Question:44
A jeweller allows a discount of 16% to his customers and still gains 20%. Find the marked price of a ring which costs the jeweller Rs 1190.
Solution:
The cost price of the ring is Rs 1190
.
Gain percentage = 20%.
? Selling price =
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×C. P =
100+20
100
×1190 =
120
100
×1190 = Rs 1428
Let the marked price be x
.
Discount = 16% of Rs x
               =
16x
100
SP = MP - Discount
{ } { }
{ } { }
{ } { }
Page 4


                                     
       
  
     
  
     
  
       
  
         
   
   
           
  
         
  
       
     
 
   
 
          
   
                                    
     
       
         
         
   
  
      
     
   
  
         
  
       
  
                                                                 
          
                       
    
    
     
                 
               
      
                         
         
Question:36
The price of a sweater was slashed from Rs 960 to Rs 816 by a shopkeeper in the winter season. Find the rate of discount given by him.
Solution:
Marked Price = Rs 960
Selling Price = Rs 816
Discount = MP - SP
                = Rs 960 -816
                  = Rs 144
Rate of discount = 144 ×
100
960
= 15 %
Therefore, the discount on the sweater is 15%.
Question:37
Find the rate of discount being given on a shirt whose selling price is  1092 after deducting a discount of  208 on its marked price.
Solution:
SP of the shirt = 1,092
Discount = 208
MP = SP + Discount = 1,092 + 208 = 1,300
? Rate of discount = 
Discount
MP
×100 % =
208
1300
×100 % = 16 %
Question:38
After allowing a discount of 8% on a toy, it is sold for Rs 216.20. Find the marked price of the toy.
Solution:
Selling Price = Rs 216.20
Rate of discount = 8%
Marked Price = ?
SP = MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, x -
8
100
×x = 216. 20 ?
92x
100
= 216. 20 ? 92x = 21620 ? x =
21620
92
? x = 235
? Marked price = Rs 235
Question:39
A tea set was bought for Rs 528 after getting a discount of 12% on its marked price. Find the marked price of the tea set.
Solution:
Cost price = Rs 528
Rate of discount = 12%
Marked price = ?
SP= MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, 
x-12
100×x
= 528 ?
88x
100
= 528 ? 88x = 52800 ? x =
52800
88
? x = Rs 600
Therefore, the marked price of tea set is Rs 600.
Question:40
A dealer marks his goods at 35% above the cost price and allows a discount of 20% on the marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 135
Discount = 20% of MP
                =
20
100
×135 = 27
Selling price = marked price - discount
                     = 135 - 27
                     = Rs 108
Now, gain = SP - CP
                  =108 - 100
                   =Rs 8
? Gain percentage =
gain
CP
×100
                            = 
8
100
×100 = 8 %
Question:41
A cellphone was marked at 40% above the cost price and a discount of 30% was given on its marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent made by the shopkeeper.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 140
Discount = 30% of MP
                =
30
100
×140 = 42
Selling Price = marked price - discount
                      = 140 - 42
                      = Rs 98
Now, loss = CP - SP
                 = 100 - 98
                 = Rs 2
? Loss percentage =
Loss×100
CP
=
2×100
100
= 2 %
Therefore, the shopkeeper had a loss of 2%.
Question:42
A dealer purchased a fan for Rs 1080. After allowing a discount of 25% on its marked price, he gains 25%. Find the marked price of the fan.
Solution:
Cost price of the fan = Rs 1080
Gain percentage = 25%
? Selling price = 
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×CP =
100+25
100
×1080 =
125
100
×1080 = Rs 1350
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Discount = 25% of Rs x
             =
25x
100
SP = MP - discount
? 1350 = X
 - 
25X
100
? 1350 =
100x-25x
100
? 135000 = 75x ? x =
13500
75
? x = 1800
Therefore, the marked price of the fan is Rs 1800
.
Question:43
A dealer bought a refrigerator for Rs 11515. After allowing a discount of 16% on its marked price, he gains 20%. Find the marked price of the refrigerator.
Solution:
Cost price of the refrigerator = Rs 11515
Gain percentage = 20%.
? Selling price =
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×C. P =
100+20
100
×11515 =
120
100
×11515 = Rs 13818
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Discount = 16% of Rs x
                =
16x
100
S.P = MP - Discount
? 13818 = x - 
16x
100
? 13818 =
100x-16x
100
? 1381800 = 84x ? x =
1381800
84
? x = 16450
?Therefore, the marked price of the refrigerator is Rs 16450
.
Question:44
A jeweller allows a discount of 16% to his customers and still gains 20%. Find the marked price of a ring which costs the jeweller Rs 1190.
Solution:
The cost price of the ring is Rs 1190
.
Gain percentage = 20%.
? Selling price =
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×C. P =
100+20
100
×1190 =
120
100
×1190 = Rs 1428
Let the marked price be x
.
Discount = 16% of Rs x
               =
16x
100
SP = MP - Discount
{ } { }
{ } { }
{ } { }
? 1428 = x -
16x
100
? 1428 =
100x-16x
100
? 142800 = 84x ?
142800
84
= x ? x = 1700
?Therefore, the marked price of the ring is Rs 1700
.
Question:45
After allowing a discount of 10% on the marked price, a trader still makes a gain of 17%. By what per cent is the marked price above the cost price?
Solution:
Let Rs 100
be the cost price.
Gain required = 17%
? Selling price = Rs 117
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Then, discount = 10% of x
                        =
10
100
×x =
x
10
Selling Price = MP - discount
? 117 = x -
x
10
? 117 =
9x
10
? 9x = 1170 ? x =
1170
9
? x = 130
? Marked price = Rs 130
Hence, the marked price is 30% above the cost price.
Question:46
How much per cent above the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so that after allowing a discount of 10% on the marked price, he gains 8%?
Solution:
Let Rs 100
be the cost price.
Gain required = 8%
Therefore, the selling price is Rs 108
.
Let Rs x
be the marked price.
Then, discount = 10% of x
                      =
10
100
×x =
x
10
Selling Price = MP - discount
? 117 = x -
x
10
? 117 =
9x
10
? 9x = 1080 ? x =
1080
9
? x = 120
? Marked price = Rs 120
Hence, the marked price is 20% above the cost price.
Question:47
The marked price of a TV is Rs 18500. A dealer allows two successive discounts of 20% and 5%. For how much is the TV available?
Solution:
Marked price of the TV = Rs 18500
First discount = 20%
Now, 20 % of 18500 =
20
100
×18500 = Rs 3700
Price after the first discount = Rs 18500 -3700
= Rs 14800
Second discount = 5% of 14800
                                =
5
100
×14800 = 740
Price after the second discount = 14800 -740
                                                   = Rs 14060
The TV is available for Rs 14060.
Question:48
Find the single discount which is equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 5%.
Solution:
?Let the marked price of the article be Rs 100.
First discount = 20%
Price after the first discount = 100 -20
= Rs 80
Second discount = 5% of 80
                            =
5
100
×80 = Rs 4
Page 5


                                     
       
  
     
  
     
  
       
  
         
   
   
           
  
         
  
       
     
 
   
 
          
   
                                    
     
       
         
         
   
  
      
     
   
  
         
  
       
  
                                                                 
          
                       
    
    
     
                 
               
      
                         
         
Question:36
The price of a sweater was slashed from Rs 960 to Rs 816 by a shopkeeper in the winter season. Find the rate of discount given by him.
Solution:
Marked Price = Rs 960
Selling Price = Rs 816
Discount = MP - SP
                = Rs 960 -816
                  = Rs 144
Rate of discount = 144 ×
100
960
= 15 %
Therefore, the discount on the sweater is 15%.
Question:37
Find the rate of discount being given on a shirt whose selling price is  1092 after deducting a discount of  208 on its marked price.
Solution:
SP of the shirt = 1,092
Discount = 208
MP = SP + Discount = 1,092 + 208 = 1,300
? Rate of discount = 
Discount
MP
×100 % =
208
1300
×100 % = 16 %
Question:38
After allowing a discount of 8% on a toy, it is sold for Rs 216.20. Find the marked price of the toy.
Solution:
Selling Price = Rs 216.20
Rate of discount = 8%
Marked Price = ?
SP = MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, x -
8
100
×x = 216. 20 ?
92x
100
= 216. 20 ? 92x = 21620 ? x =
21620
92
? x = 235
? Marked price = Rs 235
Question:39
A tea set was bought for Rs 528 after getting a discount of 12% on its marked price. Find the marked price of the tea set.
Solution:
Cost price = Rs 528
Rate of discount = 12%
Marked price = ?
SP= MP - discount
Let the MP be Rs x
.
Now, 
x-12
100×x
= 528 ?
88x
100
= 528 ? 88x = 52800 ? x =
52800
88
? x = Rs 600
Therefore, the marked price of tea set is Rs 600.
Question:40
A dealer marks his goods at 35% above the cost price and allows a discount of 20% on the marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 135
Discount = 20% of MP
                =
20
100
×135 = 27
Selling price = marked price - discount
                     = 135 - 27
                     = Rs 108
Now, gain = SP - CP
                  =108 - 100
                   =Rs 8
? Gain percentage =
gain
CP
×100
                            = 
8
100
×100 = 8 %
Question:41
A cellphone was marked at 40% above the cost price and a discount of 30% was given on its marked price. Find the gain or loss per cent made by the shopkeeper.
Solution:
Let Rs 100 be the CP.
Then, marked price = Rs 140
Discount = 30% of MP
                =
30
100
×140 = 42
Selling Price = marked price - discount
                      = 140 - 42
                      = Rs 98
Now, loss = CP - SP
                 = 100 - 98
                 = Rs 2
? Loss percentage =
Loss×100
CP
=
2×100
100
= 2 %
Therefore, the shopkeeper had a loss of 2%.
Question:42
A dealer purchased a fan for Rs 1080. After allowing a discount of 25% on its marked price, he gains 25%. Find the marked price of the fan.
Solution:
Cost price of the fan = Rs 1080
Gain percentage = 25%
? Selling price = 
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×CP =
100+25
100
×1080 =
125
100
×1080 = Rs 1350
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Discount = 25% of Rs x
             =
25x
100
SP = MP - discount
? 1350 = X
 - 
25X
100
? 1350 =
100x-25x
100
? 135000 = 75x ? x =
13500
75
? x = 1800
Therefore, the marked price of the fan is Rs 1800
.
Question:43
A dealer bought a refrigerator for Rs 11515. After allowing a discount of 16% on its marked price, he gains 20%. Find the marked price of the refrigerator.
Solution:
Cost price of the refrigerator = Rs 11515
Gain percentage = 20%.
? Selling price =
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×C. P =
100+20
100
×11515 =
120
100
×11515 = Rs 13818
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Discount = 16% of Rs x
                =
16x
100
S.P = MP - Discount
? 13818 = x - 
16x
100
? 13818 =
100x-16x
100
? 1381800 = 84x ? x =
1381800
84
? x = 16450
?Therefore, the marked price of the refrigerator is Rs 16450
.
Question:44
A jeweller allows a discount of 16% to his customers and still gains 20%. Find the marked price of a ring which costs the jeweller Rs 1190.
Solution:
The cost price of the ring is Rs 1190
.
Gain percentage = 20%.
? Selling price =
(100 + ?gain %)
100
×C. P =
100+20
100
×1190 =
120
100
×1190 = Rs 1428
Let the marked price be x
.
Discount = 16% of Rs x
               =
16x
100
SP = MP - Discount
{ } { }
{ } { }
{ } { }
? 1428 = x -
16x
100
? 1428 =
100x-16x
100
? 142800 = 84x ?
142800
84
= x ? x = 1700
?Therefore, the marked price of the ring is Rs 1700
.
Question:45
After allowing a discount of 10% on the marked price, a trader still makes a gain of 17%. By what per cent is the marked price above the cost price?
Solution:
Let Rs 100
be the cost price.
Gain required = 17%
? Selling price = Rs 117
Let the marked price be Rs x
.
Then, discount = 10% of x
                        =
10
100
×x =
x
10
Selling Price = MP - discount
? 117 = x -
x
10
? 117 =
9x
10
? 9x = 1170 ? x =
1170
9
? x = 130
? Marked price = Rs 130
Hence, the marked price is 30% above the cost price.
Question:46
How much per cent above the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so that after allowing a discount of 10% on the marked price, he gains 8%?
Solution:
Let Rs 100
be the cost price.
Gain required = 8%
Therefore, the selling price is Rs 108
.
Let Rs x
be the marked price.
Then, discount = 10% of x
                      =
10
100
×x =
x
10
Selling Price = MP - discount
? 117 = x -
x
10
? 117 =
9x
10
? 9x = 1080 ? x =
1080
9
? x = 120
? Marked price = Rs 120
Hence, the marked price is 20% above the cost price.
Question:47
The marked price of a TV is Rs 18500. A dealer allows two successive discounts of 20% and 5%. For how much is the TV available?
Solution:
Marked price of the TV = Rs 18500
First discount = 20%
Now, 20 % of 18500 =
20
100
×18500 = Rs 3700
Price after the first discount = Rs 18500 -3700
= Rs 14800
Second discount = 5% of 14800
                                =
5
100
×14800 = 740
Price after the second discount = 14800 -740
                                                   = Rs 14060
The TV is available for Rs 14060.
Question:48
Find the single discount which is equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 5%.
Solution:
?Let the marked price of the article be Rs 100.
First discount = 20%
Price after the first discount = 100 -20
= Rs 80
Second discount = 5% of 80
                            =
5
100
×80 = Rs 4
Price after the second discount = 80 -4
= Rs 76
Net selling price = Rs 76
? Single discount equivalent to the given successive discounts = 100 -76
% = 24%
                     
       
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