Humanities/Arts Exam  >  Humanities/Arts Notes  >  Hindi Class 12  >  NCERT Textbook - घनानंद

NCERT Textbook - घनानंद | Hindi Class 12 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

Download, print and study this document offline
Please wait while the PDF view is loading
 Page 1


?kukuan@53
?kukuan
(lu~ 1673&1760)
jhfrdky osQ jhfreqDr ;k LoPNan dkO;èkkjk osQ izfrfufèk
dfo ?kukuan fnYyh osQ ckn'kkg eqgEen 'kkg osQ ehj eqa'kh FksA
dgrs gSa fd lqtku uke dh ,d L=kh ls mudk vVwV izse FkkA
mlh osQ izse osQ dkj.k ?kukuan ckn'kkg osQ njckj esa cs&vnch
dj cSBs] ftlls ukjk”k gksdj ckn'kkg us mUgsa njckj ls fudky fn;kA lkFk gh ?kukuan dks lqtku
dh csoI
+
kQkbZ us Hkh fujk'k vkSj nq[kh fd;kA os o`ankou pys x, vkSj ¯uckoZQ laiznk; esa nhf{kr
gksdj HkDr osQ :i esa thou&fuokZg djus yxsA ijarq os lqtku dks Hkwy ugha ik, vkSj viuh
jpukvksa esa lqtku osQ uke dk izrhdkRed iz;ksx djrs gq, dkO;&jpuk djrs jgsA
?kukuan ewyr% izse dh ihM+k osQ dfo gSaA fo;ksx o.kZu esa mudk eu vfèkd jek gSA mudh
jpukvksa esa izse dk vR;ar xaHkhj] fueZy] vkosxe;] vkSj O;koqQy dj nsus okyk mnkÙk :i O;Dr
gqvk gS] blhfy, ?kukuan dks lk{kkr jlewfrZ dgk x;k gSA
?kukuan osQ dkO; esa Hkko dh tSlh xgjkbZ gS] oSlh gh dyk dh ckjhdh HkhA mudh dfork
esa yk{kf.kdrk] oozQksfDr] okXfonXèkrk osQ lkFk vyadkjksa dk oqQ'ky iz;ksx Hkh feyrk gSA mudh
dkO;&dyk esa lgtrk osQ lkFk opu&oozQrk dk vn~Hkqr esy gSA
?kukuan dh Hkk"kk ifj"o`Qr vkSj lkfgfR;d cztHkk"kk gSA mlesa dkseyrk vkSj eèkqjrk dk pje
fodkl fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA Hkk"kk dh O;atdrk c<+kus esa os vR;ar oqQ'ky FksA oLrqr% os cztHkk"kk izoh.k
gh ugha ltZukRed dkO;Hkk"kk osQ iz.ksrk Hkh FksA ?kukuan dh jpukvksa esa lqtku lkxj] fojg
yhyk] ÑikdaM fucaèk] jlosQfy oYyh vkfn izeq[k gSaA
izLrqr iqLrd esa dfo ?kukuan osQ nks dfoÙk fn, tk jgs gSaA dfoÙk esa dfo us viuh izsfedk
lqtku osQ n'kZu dh vfHkyk"kk izdV djrs gq, dgk gS fd lqtku osQ n'kZu osQ fy, gh ;s
izk.k vc rd vVosQ gq, gSaA
2024-25
Page 2


?kukuan@53
?kukuan
(lu~ 1673&1760)
jhfrdky osQ jhfreqDr ;k LoPNan dkO;èkkjk osQ izfrfufèk
dfo ?kukuan fnYyh osQ ckn'kkg eqgEen 'kkg osQ ehj eqa'kh FksA
dgrs gSa fd lqtku uke dh ,d L=kh ls mudk vVwV izse FkkA
mlh osQ izse osQ dkj.k ?kukuan ckn'kkg osQ njckj esa cs&vnch
dj cSBs] ftlls ukjk”k gksdj ckn'kkg us mUgsa njckj ls fudky fn;kA lkFk gh ?kukuan dks lqtku
dh csoI
+
kQkbZ us Hkh fujk'k vkSj nq[kh fd;kA os o`ankou pys x, vkSj ¯uckoZQ laiznk; esa nhf{kr
gksdj HkDr osQ :i esa thou&fuokZg djus yxsA ijarq os lqtku dks Hkwy ugha ik, vkSj viuh
jpukvksa esa lqtku osQ uke dk izrhdkRed iz;ksx djrs gq, dkO;&jpuk djrs jgsA
?kukuan ewyr% izse dh ihM+k osQ dfo gSaA fo;ksx o.kZu esa mudk eu vfèkd jek gSA mudh
jpukvksa esa izse dk vR;ar xaHkhj] fueZy] vkosxe;] vkSj O;koqQy dj nsus okyk mnkÙk :i O;Dr
gqvk gS] blhfy, ?kukuan dks lk{kkr jlewfrZ dgk x;k gSA
?kukuan osQ dkO; esa Hkko dh tSlh xgjkbZ gS] oSlh gh dyk dh ckjhdh HkhA mudh dfork
esa yk{kf.kdrk] oozQksfDr] okXfonXèkrk osQ lkFk vyadkjksa dk oqQ'ky iz;ksx Hkh feyrk gSA mudh
dkO;&dyk esa lgtrk osQ lkFk opu&oozQrk dk vn~Hkqr esy gSA
?kukuan dh Hkk"kk ifj"o`Qr vkSj lkfgfR;d cztHkk"kk gSA mlesa dkseyrk vkSj eèkqjrk dk pje
fodkl fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA Hkk"kk dh O;atdrk c<+kus esa os vR;ar oqQ'ky FksA oLrqr% os cztHkk"kk izoh.k
gh ugha ltZukRed dkO;Hkk"kk osQ iz.ksrk Hkh FksA ?kukuan dh jpukvksa esa lqtku lkxj] fojg
yhyk] ÑikdaM fucaèk] jlosQfy oYyh vkfn izeq[k gSaA
izLrqr iqLrd esa dfo ?kukuan osQ nks dfoÙk fn, tk jgs gSaA dfoÙk esa dfo us viuh izsfedk
lqtku osQ n'kZu dh vfHkyk"kk izdV djrs gq, dgk gS fd lqtku osQ n'kZu osQ fy, gh ;s
izk.k vc rd vVosQ gq, gSaA
2024-25
54@varjk
dfoÙk
(1)
cgqr fnuku dks vofèk vklikl ijs]
[kjs vjcjfu Hkjs gSa mfB tku dksA
dfg dfg vkou Nchys euHkkou dks]
xfg xfg jk[kfr gh nS nS lueku dksAA
>wBh cfr;kfu dh iR;kfu rsa mnkl àS oSQ]
vc uk f?kjr ?ku vkuan funku dksA
vèkj yxs gSa vkfu dfj oSQ i;ku izku]
pkgr pyu ;s l¡nslks yS lqtku dksAA
(2)
vkukdkuh vkjlh fugkfjcks djkSxs dkSykSa\
dgk eks pfdr nlk R;ksa u nhfB MksfygS\
ekSu gw lkSa nsf[kgkSa fdrsd iu ikfygkS tw]
owQdHkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfygSA
tku ?kuvkuan ;ksa eks¯g rqEgSa iSt ijh]
tkfu;Sxks Vsd Vjsa dkSu èkkS eyksfygSAA
#bZ fn, jgkSxs dgk¡ ykS cgjk;cs dh\
dcgw¡ rkS esfj;S iqdkj dku [kksfygSA
2024-25
Page 3


?kukuan@53
?kukuan
(lu~ 1673&1760)
jhfrdky osQ jhfreqDr ;k LoPNan dkO;èkkjk osQ izfrfufèk
dfo ?kukuan fnYyh osQ ckn'kkg eqgEen 'kkg osQ ehj eqa'kh FksA
dgrs gSa fd lqtku uke dh ,d L=kh ls mudk vVwV izse FkkA
mlh osQ izse osQ dkj.k ?kukuan ckn'kkg osQ njckj esa cs&vnch
dj cSBs] ftlls ukjk”k gksdj ckn'kkg us mUgsa njckj ls fudky fn;kA lkFk gh ?kukuan dks lqtku
dh csoI
+
kQkbZ us Hkh fujk'k vkSj nq[kh fd;kA os o`ankou pys x, vkSj ¯uckoZQ laiznk; esa nhf{kr
gksdj HkDr osQ :i esa thou&fuokZg djus yxsA ijarq os lqtku dks Hkwy ugha ik, vkSj viuh
jpukvksa esa lqtku osQ uke dk izrhdkRed iz;ksx djrs gq, dkO;&jpuk djrs jgsA
?kukuan ewyr% izse dh ihM+k osQ dfo gSaA fo;ksx o.kZu esa mudk eu vfèkd jek gSA mudh
jpukvksa esa izse dk vR;ar xaHkhj] fueZy] vkosxe;] vkSj O;koqQy dj nsus okyk mnkÙk :i O;Dr
gqvk gS] blhfy, ?kukuan dks lk{kkr jlewfrZ dgk x;k gSA
?kukuan osQ dkO; esa Hkko dh tSlh xgjkbZ gS] oSlh gh dyk dh ckjhdh HkhA mudh dfork
esa yk{kf.kdrk] oozQksfDr] okXfonXèkrk osQ lkFk vyadkjksa dk oqQ'ky iz;ksx Hkh feyrk gSA mudh
dkO;&dyk esa lgtrk osQ lkFk opu&oozQrk dk vn~Hkqr esy gSA
?kukuan dh Hkk"kk ifj"o`Qr vkSj lkfgfR;d cztHkk"kk gSA mlesa dkseyrk vkSj eèkqjrk dk pje
fodkl fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA Hkk"kk dh O;atdrk c<+kus esa os vR;ar oqQ'ky FksA oLrqr% os cztHkk"kk izoh.k
gh ugha ltZukRed dkO;Hkk"kk osQ iz.ksrk Hkh FksA ?kukuan dh jpukvksa esa lqtku lkxj] fojg
yhyk] ÑikdaM fucaèk] jlosQfy oYyh vkfn izeq[k gSaA
izLrqr iqLrd esa dfo ?kukuan osQ nks dfoÙk fn, tk jgs gSaA dfoÙk esa dfo us viuh izsfedk
lqtku osQ n'kZu dh vfHkyk"kk izdV djrs gq, dgk gS fd lqtku osQ n'kZu osQ fy, gh ;s
izk.k vc rd vVosQ gq, gSaA
2024-25
54@varjk
dfoÙk
(1)
cgqr fnuku dks vofèk vklikl ijs]
[kjs vjcjfu Hkjs gSa mfB tku dksA
dfg dfg vkou Nchys euHkkou dks]
xfg xfg jk[kfr gh nS nS lueku dksAA
>wBh cfr;kfu dh iR;kfu rsa mnkl àS oSQ]
vc uk f?kjr ?ku vkuan funku dksA
vèkj yxs gSa vkfu dfj oSQ i;ku izku]
pkgr pyu ;s l¡nslks yS lqtku dksAA
(2)
vkukdkuh vkjlh fugkfjcks djkSxs dkSykSa\
dgk eks pfdr nlk R;ksa u nhfB MksfygS\
ekSu gw lkSa nsf[kgkSa fdrsd iu ikfygkS tw]
owQdHkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfygSA
tku ?kuvkuan ;ksa eks¯g rqEgSa iSt ijh]
tkfu;Sxks Vsd Vjsa dkSu èkkS eyksfygSAA
#bZ fn, jgkSxs dgk¡ ykS cgjk;cs dh\
dcgw¡ rkS esfj;S iqdkj dku [kksfygSA
2024-25
?kukuan@55
iz'u&vH;kl
1- dfo us ^pkgr pyu ;s lanslks ys lqtku dks* D;ksa dgk gS\
2- dfo ekSu gksdj izsfedk osQ dkSu ls iz.k ikyu dks ns[kuk pkgrk gS\
3- dfo us fdl izdkj dh iqdkj ls ^dku [kksfy gS* dh ckr dgh gS\
4- ?kukuan dh jpukvksa dh Hkkf"kd fo'ks"krkvksa dks vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
5- fuEufyf[kr iafDr;ksa esa iz;qDr vyadkjksa dh igpku dhft,A
(d) dfg dfg vkou Nchys euHkkou dks] xfg xfg jk[kfr gh nSa nSa lueku dksA
([k) owQd Hkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfy gSA
(x) vc u f?kjr ?ku vkuan funku dksA
6- fuEufyf[kr dk vk'k; Li"V dhft,&
(d) cgqr fnuku dks vofèk vklikl ijs @ [kjs vjcjfu Hkjs gSa mfB tku dks
([k) ekSu gw lkSa nsf[kgkSa fdrsd iu ikfygkS tw @ owQdHkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfygSA
7- lanHkZ lfgr O;k[;k dhft,&
(d) >wBh cfr;kfu dh iR;kfu rsa mnkl gS] oSQ 
------
 pkgr pyu ;s lanslks yS lqtku dksA
([k) tku ?kuvkuan ;ksa eks¯g rqEgS iSt ijh 
------
 dcgw¡ rkS esfj;S iqdkj dku [kksfy gSA
;ksX;rk&foLrkj
1- fuEufyf[kr dfo;ksa osQ rhu&rhu dfoÙk ,df=kr dj ;kn dhft,µ
rqylhnkl] jl[kku] in~ekdj] lsukifr
2- ifBr va'k esa ls vuqizkl vyadkj dh igpku dj ,d lwph rS;kj dhft,A
2024-25
Page 4


?kukuan@53
?kukuan
(lu~ 1673&1760)
jhfrdky osQ jhfreqDr ;k LoPNan dkO;èkkjk osQ izfrfufèk
dfo ?kukuan fnYyh osQ ckn'kkg eqgEen 'kkg osQ ehj eqa'kh FksA
dgrs gSa fd lqtku uke dh ,d L=kh ls mudk vVwV izse FkkA
mlh osQ izse osQ dkj.k ?kukuan ckn'kkg osQ njckj esa cs&vnch
dj cSBs] ftlls ukjk”k gksdj ckn'kkg us mUgsa njckj ls fudky fn;kA lkFk gh ?kukuan dks lqtku
dh csoI
+
kQkbZ us Hkh fujk'k vkSj nq[kh fd;kA os o`ankou pys x, vkSj ¯uckoZQ laiznk; esa nhf{kr
gksdj HkDr osQ :i esa thou&fuokZg djus yxsA ijarq os lqtku dks Hkwy ugha ik, vkSj viuh
jpukvksa esa lqtku osQ uke dk izrhdkRed iz;ksx djrs gq, dkO;&jpuk djrs jgsA
?kukuan ewyr% izse dh ihM+k osQ dfo gSaA fo;ksx o.kZu esa mudk eu vfèkd jek gSA mudh
jpukvksa esa izse dk vR;ar xaHkhj] fueZy] vkosxe;] vkSj O;koqQy dj nsus okyk mnkÙk :i O;Dr
gqvk gS] blhfy, ?kukuan dks lk{kkr jlewfrZ dgk x;k gSA
?kukuan osQ dkO; esa Hkko dh tSlh xgjkbZ gS] oSlh gh dyk dh ckjhdh HkhA mudh dfork
esa yk{kf.kdrk] oozQksfDr] okXfonXèkrk osQ lkFk vyadkjksa dk oqQ'ky iz;ksx Hkh feyrk gSA mudh
dkO;&dyk esa lgtrk osQ lkFk opu&oozQrk dk vn~Hkqr esy gSA
?kukuan dh Hkk"kk ifj"o`Qr vkSj lkfgfR;d cztHkk"kk gSA mlesa dkseyrk vkSj eèkqjrk dk pje
fodkl fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA Hkk"kk dh O;atdrk c<+kus esa os vR;ar oqQ'ky FksA oLrqr% os cztHkk"kk izoh.k
gh ugha ltZukRed dkO;Hkk"kk osQ iz.ksrk Hkh FksA ?kukuan dh jpukvksa esa lqtku lkxj] fojg
yhyk] ÑikdaM fucaèk] jlosQfy oYyh vkfn izeq[k gSaA
izLrqr iqLrd esa dfo ?kukuan osQ nks dfoÙk fn, tk jgs gSaA dfoÙk esa dfo us viuh izsfedk
lqtku osQ n'kZu dh vfHkyk"kk izdV djrs gq, dgk gS fd lqtku osQ n'kZu osQ fy, gh ;s
izk.k vc rd vVosQ gq, gSaA
2024-25
54@varjk
dfoÙk
(1)
cgqr fnuku dks vofèk vklikl ijs]
[kjs vjcjfu Hkjs gSa mfB tku dksA
dfg dfg vkou Nchys euHkkou dks]
xfg xfg jk[kfr gh nS nS lueku dksAA
>wBh cfr;kfu dh iR;kfu rsa mnkl àS oSQ]
vc uk f?kjr ?ku vkuan funku dksA
vèkj yxs gSa vkfu dfj oSQ i;ku izku]
pkgr pyu ;s l¡nslks yS lqtku dksAA
(2)
vkukdkuh vkjlh fugkfjcks djkSxs dkSykSa\
dgk eks pfdr nlk R;ksa u nhfB MksfygS\
ekSu gw lkSa nsf[kgkSa fdrsd iu ikfygkS tw]
owQdHkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfygSA
tku ?kuvkuan ;ksa eks¯g rqEgSa iSt ijh]
tkfu;Sxks Vsd Vjsa dkSu èkkS eyksfygSAA
#bZ fn, jgkSxs dgk¡ ykS cgjk;cs dh\
dcgw¡ rkS esfj;S iqdkj dku [kksfygSA
2024-25
?kukuan@55
iz'u&vH;kl
1- dfo us ^pkgr pyu ;s lanslks ys lqtku dks* D;ksa dgk gS\
2- dfo ekSu gksdj izsfedk osQ dkSu ls iz.k ikyu dks ns[kuk pkgrk gS\
3- dfo us fdl izdkj dh iqdkj ls ^dku [kksfy gS* dh ckr dgh gS\
4- ?kukuan dh jpukvksa dh Hkkf"kd fo'ks"krkvksa dks vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
5- fuEufyf[kr iafDr;ksa esa iz;qDr vyadkjksa dh igpku dhft,A
(d) dfg dfg vkou Nchys euHkkou dks] xfg xfg jk[kfr gh nSa nSa lueku dksA
([k) owQd Hkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfy gSA
(x) vc u f?kjr ?ku vkuan funku dksA
6- fuEufyf[kr dk vk'k; Li"V dhft,&
(d) cgqr fnuku dks vofèk vklikl ijs @ [kjs vjcjfu Hkjs gSa mfB tku dks
([k) ekSu gw lkSa nsf[kgkSa fdrsd iu ikfygkS tw @ owQdHkjh ewdrk cqyk; vki cksfygSA
7- lanHkZ lfgr O;k[;k dhft,&
(d) >wBh cfr;kfu dh iR;kfu rsa mnkl gS] oSQ 
------
 pkgr pyu ;s lanslks yS lqtku dksA
([k) tku ?kuvkuan ;ksa eks¯g rqEgS iSt ijh 
------
 dcgw¡ rkS esfj;S iqdkj dku [kksfy gSA
;ksX;rk&foLrkj
1- fuEufyf[kr dfo;ksa osQ rhu&rhu dfoÙk ,df=kr dj ;kn dhft,µ
rqylhnkl] jl[kku] in~ekdj] lsukifr
2- ifBr va'k esa ls vuqizkl vyadkj dh igpku dj ,d lwph rS;kj dhft,A
2024-25
56@varjk
'kCnkFkZ vkSj fVIi.kh
iR;kfu & fo'okl djuk
vkukdkuh & Vkyus dh ckr
vkjlh & fL=k;ksa }kjk v¡xwBs esa
iguk tkus okyk 'kh'kk
tM+k vkHkw"k.k
owQdHkjh & iqdkj Hkjh
iSt & cgl
cgjk;cs & cgjs cuus dh]
dkuksa ls u lquus dh
2024-25
Read More
88 videos|166 docs|36 tests

Top Courses for Humanities/Arts

88 videos|166 docs|36 tests
Download as PDF
Explore Courses for Humanities/Arts exam

Top Courses for Humanities/Arts

Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Related Searches

mock tests for examination

,

Summary

,

past year papers

,

NCERT Textbook - घनानंद | Hindi Class 12 - Humanities/Arts

,

Exam

,

NCERT Textbook - घनानंद | Hindi Class 12 - Humanities/Arts

,

video lectures

,

Free

,

Objective type Questions

,

Semester Notes

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

practice quizzes

,

ppt

,

NCERT Textbook - घनानंद | Hindi Class 12 - Humanities/Arts

,

study material

,

Sample Paper

,

Important questions

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

Extra Questions

,

MCQs

,

pdf

,

Viva Questions

;