NCERT Textbook: भीम | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 7 PDF Download

 Page 1


 
 
Hkhe
7
ik¡pksa ikaMo rFkk èk`rjk"Vª osQ lkS iq=k] tks dkSjo
dgykrs Fks] gfLrukiqj esa lkFk&lkFk jgus yxsA
[ksyowQn] g¡lh&e”kkd lc esa os lkFk gh jgrs
FksA 'kjhj&cy esa ikaMq dk iq=k Hkhe lcls
c<+dj FkkA [ksyksa esa og nq;ksZèku vkSj mlosQ
Hkkb;ksa dks [kwc rax fd;k djrkA ;|fi Hkhe
eu esa fdlh ls oSj ugha j[krk Fkk vkSj cpiu
osQ tks'k osQ dkj.k gh ,slk djrk Fkk] fiQj Hkh
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


 
 
Hkhe
7
ik¡pksa ikaMo rFkk èk`rjk"Vª osQ lkS iq=k] tks dkSjo
dgykrs Fks] gfLrukiqj esa lkFk&lkFk jgus yxsA
[ksyowQn] g¡lh&e”kkd lc esa os lkFk gh jgrs
FksA 'kjhj&cy esa ikaMq dk iq=k Hkhe lcls
c<+dj FkkA [ksyksa esa og nq;ksZèku vkSj mlosQ
Hkkb;ksa dks [kwc rax fd;k djrkA ;|fi Hkhe
eu esa fdlh ls oSj ugha j[krk Fkk vkSj cpiu
osQ tks'k osQ dkj.k gh ,slk djrk Fkk] fiQj Hkh
Rationalised 2023-24
12 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
nq;ksZèku rFkk mlosQ Hkkb;ksa osQ eu esa Hkhe osQ
izfr }s"kHkko c<+us yxkA bèkj lHkh ckyd
mfpr le; vkus ij o`Qikpk;Z ls vL=k&fo|k
osQ lkFk&lkFk vU; fo|k,¡ Hkh lh[kus yxsA
fo|k lh[kus esa Hkh ikaMo dkSjoksa ls vkxs gh
jgrs FksA blls dkSjo vkSj [kh>us yxsA nq;ksZèku
ikaMoksa dks gj izdkj ls uhpk fn[kkus dk iz;Ru
djrk jgrk FkkA Hkhe ls rks mldh ”kjk Hkh ugha
iVrh FkhA ,d ckj lc dkSjoksa us vkil esa
lykg djosQ ;g fu'p; fd;k fd Hkhe dks
xaxk esa Mqcksdj ekj Mkyk tk, vkSj mlosQ ejus
ij ;qfèkf"Bj&vtqZu vkfn dks oSQn djosQ canh
cuk fy;k tk,A nq;ksZèku us lkspk fd ,slk djus
ls lkjs jkT; ij mudk vfèkdkj gks tk,xkA
,d fnu nq;ksZèku us èkweèkke ls ty&ozQhM+k
dk izcaèk fd;k vkSj ik¡pksa ikaMoksa dks mlosQ fy,
U;kSrk fn;kA cM+h nsj rd [ksyus vkSj rSjus osQ
ckn lcus Hkkstu fd;k vkSj vius&vius Msjksa esa
tkdj lks x,A nq;ksZèku us Ny ls Hkhe osQ Hkkstu
esa fo"k feyk fn;k FkkA lc yksx [kwc [ksys&rSjs
Fks] lks Fkd&Fkdkdj lks x,A Hkhe dks fo"k osQ
dkj.k xgjk u'kk gks x;kA og Msjs ij Hkh u
igq¡p ik;k vkSj u'ks esa pwj gksdj xaxk&fdukjs jsr
esa gh fxj x;kA mlh gkyr esa nq;ksZèku us yrkvksa
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


 
 
Hkhe
7
ik¡pksa ikaMo rFkk èk`rjk"Vª osQ lkS iq=k] tks dkSjo
dgykrs Fks] gfLrukiqj esa lkFk&lkFk jgus yxsA
[ksyowQn] g¡lh&e”kkd lc esa os lkFk gh jgrs
FksA 'kjhj&cy esa ikaMq dk iq=k Hkhe lcls
c<+dj FkkA [ksyksa esa og nq;ksZèku vkSj mlosQ
Hkkb;ksa dks [kwc rax fd;k djrkA ;|fi Hkhe
eu esa fdlh ls oSj ugha j[krk Fkk vkSj cpiu
osQ tks'k osQ dkj.k gh ,slk djrk Fkk] fiQj Hkh
Rationalised 2023-24
12 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
nq;ksZèku rFkk mlosQ Hkkb;ksa osQ eu esa Hkhe osQ
izfr }s"kHkko c<+us yxkA bèkj lHkh ckyd
mfpr le; vkus ij o`Qikpk;Z ls vL=k&fo|k
osQ lkFk&lkFk vU; fo|k,¡ Hkh lh[kus yxsA
fo|k lh[kus esa Hkh ikaMo dkSjoksa ls vkxs gh
jgrs FksA blls dkSjo vkSj [kh>us yxsA nq;ksZèku
ikaMoksa dks gj izdkj ls uhpk fn[kkus dk iz;Ru
djrk jgrk FkkA Hkhe ls rks mldh ”kjk Hkh ugha
iVrh FkhA ,d ckj lc dkSjoksa us vkil esa
lykg djosQ ;g fu'p; fd;k fd Hkhe dks
xaxk esa Mqcksdj ekj Mkyk tk, vkSj mlosQ ejus
ij ;qfèkf"Bj&vtqZu vkfn dks oSQn djosQ canh
cuk fy;k tk,A nq;ksZèku us lkspk fd ,slk djus
ls lkjs jkT; ij mudk vfèkdkj gks tk,xkA
,d fnu nq;ksZèku us èkweèkke ls ty&ozQhM+k
dk izcaèk fd;k vkSj ik¡pksa ikaMoksa dks mlosQ fy,
U;kSrk fn;kA cM+h nsj rd [ksyus vkSj rSjus osQ
ckn lcus Hkkstu fd;k vkSj vius&vius Msjksa esa
tkdj lks x,A nq;ksZèku us Ny ls Hkhe osQ Hkkstu
esa fo"k feyk fn;k FkkA lc yksx [kwc [ksys&rSjs
Fks] lks Fkd&Fkdkdj lks x,A Hkhe dks fo"k osQ
dkj.k xgjk u'kk gks x;kA og Msjs ij Hkh u
igq¡p ik;k vkSj u'ks esa pwj gksdj xaxk&fdukjs jsr
esa gh fxj x;kA mlh gkyr esa nq;ksZèku us yrkvksa
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 13
ls mlosQ gkFk&iSj ck¡èkdj mls xaxk esa cgk
fn;kA yrkvksa ls tdM+k gqvk Hkhe dk 'kjhj
xaxk dh èkkjk esa cgrk gqvk nwj fudy x;kA
bèkj nq;ksZèku eu&gh&eu ;g lkspdj [kq'k
gks jgk Fkk fd Hkhe dk rks dke gh reke gks
x;k gksxkA tc ;qfèkf"Bj vkfn tkxs vkSj Hkhe
dks u ik;k] rks pkjksa Hkkb;ksa us feydj lkjk
taxy rFkk xaxk oQk og fdukjk] tgk¡ ty&ozQhM+k
dh Fkh] Nku MkykA ij Hkhe dk dgha irk u
pykA var esa fujk'k gkssdj nq[kh ân; ls os
vius egy dks ykSV vk,A brus esa gh D;k
ns[krs gSa fd Hkhe >werk&>kerk pyk vk jgk
gSA ikaMoksa vkSj oqaQrh osQ vkuan dk fBdkuk u
jgk! ;qfèkf"Bj] oqaQrh vkfn us Hkhe dks xys ls
yxk fy;kA ij ;g lc gky ns[kdj oqaQrh dks
cM+h ¯prk gqbZA mlus fonqj dks cqyk Hkstk vkSj
vosQys esa muls cksyhµ¶nq"V nq;ksZèku ”k:j
dksbZ&u&dksbZ pky py jgk gSA jkT; osQ yksHk
esa og Hkhe dks ekj Mkyuk pkgrk gSA eq>s
bldh ¯prk gks jgh gSA¸
jktuhfr&oqQ'ky fonqj oqaQrh dks le>krs
gq, cksysµ¶rqEgkjk dguk lgh gS] ijarq oqQ'ky
blh esa gS fd bl ckr dks vius rd gh j[kksA
izdV :i ls nq;ksZèku dh ¯unk dnkfi u djuk]
ugha rks blls mldk }s"k vkSj c<+sxkA¸
bl ?kVuk ls Hkhe cgqr mÙksftr gks x;k
FkkA mls le>krs gq, ;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶HkkbZ
Hkhe] vHkh le; ugha vk;k gSA rqEgsa vius
vkidks l¡Hkkyuk gksxkA bl le; rks ge ik¡pksa
Hkkb;ksa dks ;gh djuk gS fd fdlh izdkj
,d&nwljs dh j{kk djrs gq, cps jgssaA¸
Hkhe osQ okil vk tkus ij nq;ksZèku
dks cM+k vk'p;Z gqvkA mldk ân; vkSj
tyus yxkA
Rationalised 2023-24