NCERT Textbook: जरासंध | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 7 PDF Download

 Page 1


32 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
tjklaèk
14
banzizLFk esa izrkih ikaMo U;k;iwoZd iztk&ikyu
dj jgs FksA ;qfèkf"Bj osQ Hkkb;ksa rFkk lkfFk;ksa dh
bPNk gqbZ fd vc jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr fd;k tk,A bl ckjs esa lykg djus osQ
fy, ;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k dks lans'k HkstkA tc
Jho`Q".k dks ekywe gqvk fd ;qfèkf"Bj muls
feyuk pkgrs gSa] rks rRdky gh og }kjdk ls
py iM+s vkSj banzizLFk igq¡psA
;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k ls dgkµ¶fe=kksa dk
dguk gS fd eSa jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr d:¡A ijarq jktlw; ;K rks ogh dj
ldrk gS] tks lkjs lalkj osQ ujs'kksa dk iwT; gks
vkSj muosQ }kjk lEekfur gksA vki gh bl
fo"k; esa eq>s lgh lykg ns ldrs gSaA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckr 'kkafr osQ lkFk lqudj
Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶exèkns'k osQ jktk tjklaèk us
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


32 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
tjklaèk
14
banzizLFk esa izrkih ikaMo U;k;iwoZd iztk&ikyu
dj jgs FksA ;qfèkf"Bj osQ Hkkb;ksa rFkk lkfFk;ksa dh
bPNk gqbZ fd vc jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr fd;k tk,A bl ckjs esa lykg djus osQ
fy, ;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k dks lans'k HkstkA tc
Jho`Q".k dks ekywe gqvk fd ;qfèkf"Bj muls
feyuk pkgrs gSa] rks rRdky gh og }kjdk ls
py iM+s vkSj banzizLFk igq¡psA
;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k ls dgkµ¶fe=kksa dk
dguk gS fd eSa jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr d:¡A ijarq jktlw; ;K rks ogh dj
ldrk gS] tks lkjs lalkj osQ ujs'kksa dk iwT; gks
vkSj muosQ }kjk lEekfur gksA vki gh bl
fo"k; esa eq>s lgh lykg ns ldrs gSaA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckr 'kkafr osQ lkFk lqudj
Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶exèkns'k osQ jktk tjklaèk us
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 33
lc jktkvksa dks thrdj mUgsa vius vèkhu dj
j[kk gSA lHkh mldk yksgk eku pqosQ gSa vkSj
mlosQ uke ls Mjrs gSa] ;gk¡ rd fd f'k'kqiky
tSls 'kfDr&laiUu jktk Hkh mldh vèkhurk
Lohdkj dj pqosQ gSa vkSj mldh N=kNk;k esa
jguk ilan djrs gSaA vr% tjklaèk osQ jgrs gq,
vkSj dkSu lezkV&in izkIr dj ldrk gS\ tc
egkjkt mxzlsu dk ukle> csVk oaQl tjklaèk
dh csVh ls C;kg djosQ mldk lkFkh cu x;k
Fkk] rc eSaus vkSj esjs caèkqvksa us tjklaèk osQ
fojQ¼ ;q¼ fd;k FkkA rhu cjl rd ge
mldh lsukvksa osQ lkFk yM+rs jgs] ij vkf[kj
gkj x,A gesa eFkqjk NksM+dj nwj if'pe }kjdk
esa tkdj uxj vkSj nqxZ cukdj jguk iM+kA
vkiosQ lkezkT;kèkh'k gksus esa nq;ksZèku vkSj d.kZ
dks vkifÙk u Hkh gks] fiQj Hkh tjklaèk ls bldh
vk'kk j[kuk csdkj gSA cxSj ;q¼ osQ tjklaèk bl
ckr dks ugha eku ldrk gSA tjklaèk us vkt
rd ijkt; dk uke rd ugha tkuk gSA ,sls
vts; ijkØeh jktk tjklaèk osQ thrs th vki
jktlw; ;K ugha dj losaQxsA mlus tks jkts&egkjkts
canhx`g esa Mky j[ks gSa] fdlh&u&fdlh mik;
ls igys mUgsa NqM+kuk gksxkA tc ;s gks tk,xk]
rHkh jktlw; djuk vkiosQ fy, lkè; gksxkA¸
Jho`Q".k dh ;s ckrsa lqudj 'kkafr&fiz;
jktk ;qfèkf"Bj cksysµ¶vkidk dguk fcyoqQy
lgh gSA bl fo'kky lalkj esa fdrus gh jktkvksa
osQ fy, txg gSA fdrus gh ujs'k vius&vius
jkT; dk 'kklu djrs gq, blesa larq"V jg
ldrs gSaA vkdka{kk og vkx gS] tks dHkh cq>rh
ugha gSA blfy, esjh HkykbZ blh esa fn[krh gS
fd lkezkT;kèkh'k cuus dk fopkj NksM+ nw¡ vkSj
tks gS mlh dks ysdj larq"V jg¡waA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ;g fou;'khyrk Hkhelsu dks
vPNh u yxhA mlus dgkµ¶Jho`Q".k dh
uhfr&oqQ'kyrk] esjk 'kkjhfjd cy vkSj vtqZu
dk 'kkS;Z ,d lkFk fey tkus ij dkSu lk ,slk
dke gS] tks ge ugha dj ldrs\ ;fn ge rhuksa
,d lkFk py iM+sa] rks tjklaèk dh 'kfDr dks
pwj djosQ gh ykSVsaxsA vki bl ckr dh 'kadk
u djsaA¸
;g lqudj Jho`Q".k us dgkµ¶;fn Hkhe
vkSj vtqZu lger gksa] rks ge rhuksa ,d lkFk
tkdj ml vU;k;h dh tsy esa iM+s gq, funksZ"k
jktkvksa dks NqM+k losaQxsA¸
ijarq ;qfèkf"Bj dks ;g ckr u t¡phA mUgksaus
dgkµ¶eSa rks dgw¡xk fd ftl dk;Z esa izk.kksa ij
cu vkus dh laHkkouk gks] mlosQ fopkj rd
dks NksM+ nsuk gh vPNk gksxkA¸
;g lqudj ohj vtqZu cksy mBkµ¶;fn
ge ;'kLoh Hkjroa'k dh larku gksdj Hkh dksbZ
lkgl dk dke u djsa] rks fèkDdkj gS gesa vkSj
gekjs thou dks! ftl dke dks djus dh geesa
lkeF;Z gS] HkkbZ ;qfèkf"Bj D;ksa le>rs gSa fd
mls ge u dj losaQxs\¸
Jho`Q".k vtqZu dh bu ckrksa ls eqXèk gks
x,A cksysµ¶èkU; gks vtqZu! oqaQrh osQ yky
vtqZu ls eq>s ;gh vk'kk FkhA¸
tc tjklaèk osQ lkFk ;q¼ djus dk fu'p;
gks x;k] rks Jho`Q".k vkSj ikaMoksa us viuh
;kstuk cukbZA Jho`Q".k] Hkhelsu vkSj vtqZu us
oYdy igu fy,] gkFk esa oqQ'kk ys yh vkSj
ozrh yksxksa dk&lk os"k èkkj.k djosQ exèk ns'k
osQ fy, jokuk gks x,A jkg esa lqanj uxjksa rFkk
xk¡oksa dks ikj djrs gq, os rhuksa tjklaèk dh
jktèkkuh esa igq¡psA tjklaèk us oqQyhu vfrfFk
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


32 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
tjklaèk
14
banzizLFk esa izrkih ikaMo U;k;iwoZd iztk&ikyu
dj jgs FksA ;qfèkf"Bj osQ Hkkb;ksa rFkk lkfFk;ksa dh
bPNk gqbZ fd vc jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr fd;k tk,A bl ckjs esa lykg djus osQ
fy, ;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k dks lans'k HkstkA tc
Jho`Q".k dks ekywe gqvk fd ;qfèkf"Bj muls
feyuk pkgrs gSa] rks rRdky gh og }kjdk ls
py iM+s vkSj banzizLFk igq¡psA
;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k ls dgkµ¶fe=kksa dk
dguk gS fd eSa jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr d:¡A ijarq jktlw; ;K rks ogh dj
ldrk gS] tks lkjs lalkj osQ ujs'kksa dk iwT; gks
vkSj muosQ }kjk lEekfur gksA vki gh bl
fo"k; esa eq>s lgh lykg ns ldrs gSaA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckr 'kkafr osQ lkFk lqudj
Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶exèkns'k osQ jktk tjklaèk us
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 33
lc jktkvksa dks thrdj mUgsa vius vèkhu dj
j[kk gSA lHkh mldk yksgk eku pqosQ gSa vkSj
mlosQ uke ls Mjrs gSa] ;gk¡ rd fd f'k'kqiky
tSls 'kfDr&laiUu jktk Hkh mldh vèkhurk
Lohdkj dj pqosQ gSa vkSj mldh N=kNk;k esa
jguk ilan djrs gSaA vr% tjklaèk osQ jgrs gq,
vkSj dkSu lezkV&in izkIr dj ldrk gS\ tc
egkjkt mxzlsu dk ukle> csVk oaQl tjklaèk
dh csVh ls C;kg djosQ mldk lkFkh cu x;k
Fkk] rc eSaus vkSj esjs caèkqvksa us tjklaèk osQ
fojQ¼ ;q¼ fd;k FkkA rhu cjl rd ge
mldh lsukvksa osQ lkFk yM+rs jgs] ij vkf[kj
gkj x,A gesa eFkqjk NksM+dj nwj if'pe }kjdk
esa tkdj uxj vkSj nqxZ cukdj jguk iM+kA
vkiosQ lkezkT;kèkh'k gksus esa nq;ksZèku vkSj d.kZ
dks vkifÙk u Hkh gks] fiQj Hkh tjklaèk ls bldh
vk'kk j[kuk csdkj gSA cxSj ;q¼ osQ tjklaèk bl
ckr dks ugha eku ldrk gSA tjklaèk us vkt
rd ijkt; dk uke rd ugha tkuk gSA ,sls
vts; ijkØeh jktk tjklaèk osQ thrs th vki
jktlw; ;K ugha dj losaQxsA mlus tks jkts&egkjkts
canhx`g esa Mky j[ks gSa] fdlh&u&fdlh mik;
ls igys mUgsa NqM+kuk gksxkA tc ;s gks tk,xk]
rHkh jktlw; djuk vkiosQ fy, lkè; gksxkA¸
Jho`Q".k dh ;s ckrsa lqudj 'kkafr&fiz;
jktk ;qfèkf"Bj cksysµ¶vkidk dguk fcyoqQy
lgh gSA bl fo'kky lalkj esa fdrus gh jktkvksa
osQ fy, txg gSA fdrus gh ujs'k vius&vius
jkT; dk 'kklu djrs gq, blesa larq"V jg
ldrs gSaA vkdka{kk og vkx gS] tks dHkh cq>rh
ugha gSA blfy, esjh HkykbZ blh esa fn[krh gS
fd lkezkT;kèkh'k cuus dk fopkj NksM+ nw¡ vkSj
tks gS mlh dks ysdj larq"V jg¡waA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ;g fou;'khyrk Hkhelsu dks
vPNh u yxhA mlus dgkµ¶Jho`Q".k dh
uhfr&oqQ'kyrk] esjk 'kkjhfjd cy vkSj vtqZu
dk 'kkS;Z ,d lkFk fey tkus ij dkSu lk ,slk
dke gS] tks ge ugha dj ldrs\ ;fn ge rhuksa
,d lkFk py iM+sa] rks tjklaèk dh 'kfDr dks
pwj djosQ gh ykSVsaxsA vki bl ckr dh 'kadk
u djsaA¸
;g lqudj Jho`Q".k us dgkµ¶;fn Hkhe
vkSj vtqZu lger gksa] rks ge rhuksa ,d lkFk
tkdj ml vU;k;h dh tsy esa iM+s gq, funksZ"k
jktkvksa dks NqM+k losaQxsA¸
ijarq ;qfèkf"Bj dks ;g ckr u t¡phA mUgksaus
dgkµ¶eSa rks dgw¡xk fd ftl dk;Z esa izk.kksa ij
cu vkus dh laHkkouk gks] mlosQ fopkj rd
dks NksM+ nsuk gh vPNk gksxkA¸
;g lqudj ohj vtqZu cksy mBkµ¶;fn
ge ;'kLoh Hkjroa'k dh larku gksdj Hkh dksbZ
lkgl dk dke u djsa] rks fèkDdkj gS gesa vkSj
gekjs thou dks! ftl dke dks djus dh geesa
lkeF;Z gS] HkkbZ ;qfèkf"Bj D;ksa le>rs gSa fd
mls ge u dj losaQxs\¸
Jho`Q".k vtqZu dh bu ckrksa ls eqXèk gks
x,A cksysµ¶èkU; gks vtqZu! oqaQrh osQ yky
vtqZu ls eq>s ;gh vk'kk FkhA¸
tc tjklaèk osQ lkFk ;q¼ djus dk fu'p;
gks x;k] rks Jho`Q".k vkSj ikaMoksa us viuh
;kstuk cukbZA Jho`Q".k] Hkhelsu vkSj vtqZu us
oYdy igu fy,] gkFk esa oqQ'kk ys yh vkSj
ozrh yksxksa dk&lk os"k èkkj.k djosQ exèk ns'k
osQ fy, jokuk gks x,A jkg esa lqanj uxjksa rFkk
xk¡oksa dks ikj djrs gq, os rhuksa tjklaèk dh
jktèkkuh esa igq¡psA tjklaèk us oqQyhu vfrfFk
Rationalised 2023-24
34 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
le>dj mudk cM+s vknj osQ lkFk Lokxr
fd;kA tjklaèk osQ Lokxr dk Hkhe vkSj vtqZu
us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA os nksuksa ekSu jgsA
bl ij Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶esjs nksuksa lkfFk;ksa us
ekSu ozr fy;k gqvk gS] bl dkj.k vHkh ugha
cksysaxsA vkèkh jkr osQ ckn ozr [kqyus ij
ckrphr djsaxsA¸ tjklaèk us bl ckr ij
fo'okl dj fy;k vkSj rhuksa esgekuksa dks
;K'kkyk esa Bgjkdj egy esa pyk x;kA dksbZ
Hkh czkã.k vfrfFk tjklaèk osQ ;gk¡ vkrk] rks
mudh bPNk rFkk lqfoèkk osQ vuqlkj ckrsa djuk
o mudk lRdkj djuk tjklaèk dk fu;e FkkA
blosQ vuqlkj vkèkh jkr osQ ckn tjklaèk vfrfFk;ksa
ls feyus x;k] ysfdu vfrfFk;ksa osQ jax&<ax
ns[kdj exèk&ujs'k osQ eu esa oqQN 'kadk gqbZA
jktk tjklaèk us dM+ddj iwNkµ¶lp&lp
crkvks] rqe yksx dkSu gks\ czkã.k rks ugha
fn[kkbZ nsrsA¸ bl ij rhuksa us lgh gky crk
fn;k vkSj dgkµ¶ge rqEgkjs 'k=kq gSaA rqels
vHkh }a} ;q¼ djuk pkgrs gSaA ge rhuksa esa ls
fdlh ,d ls] ftlls rqEgkjh bPNk gks] yM+
ldrs gksA ge lHkh blosQ fy, rS;kj gSaA¸
rHkh Hkhelsu vkSj tjklaèk esa oqQ'rh 'kq:
gks xbZA nksuksa ohj ,d&nwljs dks idM+rs] ekjrs
vkSj mBkrs gq, yM+us yxsA bl izdkj iyHkj
Hkh foJke fd, cxSj os rsjg fnu vkSj rsjg
jkr yxkrkj yM+rs jgsA pkSngosa fnu tjklaèk
Fkddj ”kjk nsj dks jQd x;kA ij Bhd ekSdk
ns[kdj Jho`Q".k us Hkhe dks b'kkjs ls le>k;k
vkSj Hkhelsu us I
+
kQkSju tjklaèk dks mBkdj
pkjksa vksj ?kqek;k vkSj mls ”kehu ij ”kksj ls
iVd fn;kA bl izdkj vts; tjklaèk dk var
gks x;kA
Jho`Q".k vkSj nksuksa ikaMoksa us mu lc
jktkvksa dks NqM+k fy;k] ftudks tjklaèk us
canhx`g esa Mky j[kk Fkk vkSj tjklaèk osQ iq=k
lgnso dks exèk dh jktxíh ij cSBkdj banzizLFk
ykSV vk,A blosQ ckn ikaMoksa us fot;&;k=kk
dh vkSj lkjs ns'k dks egkjkt ;qfèkf"Bj dh
vèkhurk esa ys vk,A
tjklaèk osQ oèk osQ ckn ikaMoksa us jktlw;
;K fd;kA blesa leLr Hkkjr osQ jktk vk, gq,
FksA tc vH;kxr ujs'kksa dk vknj&lRdkj djus
dh ckjh vkbZ] rks iz'u mBk fd vxz&iwtk
fdldh gks\ lezkV ;qfèkf"Bj us bl ckjs esa
firkeg Hkh"e ls lykg yhA o`¼ Hkh"e us dgk
fd }kjdkèkh'k Jho`Q".k dh iwtk igys dh tk,A
;qfèkf"Bj dks Hkh ;g ckr ilan vkbZA mUgksaus
lgnso dks vkKk nh fd og Jho`Q".k dk iwtu
djsA lgnso us fofèkor~ Jho`Q".k dh iwtk dhA
oklqnso dk bl izdkj xkSjokfUor gksuk psfn&ujs'k
f'k'kqiky dks vPNk ugha yxkA og ,dk,d mB
[kM+k gqvk vkSj Bgkdk ekjdj g¡l iM+kA lkjh
lHkk dh n`f"V tc f'k'kqiky dh vksj xbZ] rks
og m¡Qps Loj esa O;aX; ls cksyus yxkµ¶;g
vU;k; dh ckr gS fd ,d ekewyh ls O;fDr
dks bl izdkj xkSjokfUor fd;k tkrk gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dks ;ksa vkM+s gkFkksa ysus osQ ckn
f'k'kqiky lHkk esa mifLFkr jktkvksa dh vksj
ns[kdj cksykµ¶mifLFkr jktkx.k! ftl nqjkRek
us oqQpozQ jpdj ohj tjklaèk dks ejok Mkyk]
mlh dh ;qfèkf"Bj us vxz&iwtk dhA blosQ ckn
mls ge èkekZRek oSQls dg ldrs gSa\ muesa
gekjk fo'okl ugha jgk gSA¸
bl rjg 'kCn&ck.kksa dh ckSNkj dj
pqdus osQ ckn f'k'kqiky nwljs oqQN jktkvksa
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 4


32 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
tjklaèk
14
banzizLFk esa izrkih ikaMo U;k;iwoZd iztk&ikyu
dj jgs FksA ;qfèkf"Bj osQ Hkkb;ksa rFkk lkfFk;ksa dh
bPNk gqbZ fd vc jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr fd;k tk,A bl ckjs esa lykg djus osQ
fy, ;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k dks lans'k HkstkA tc
Jho`Q".k dks ekywe gqvk fd ;qfèkf"Bj muls
feyuk pkgrs gSa] rks rRdky gh og }kjdk ls
py iM+s vkSj banzizLFk igq¡psA
;qfèkf"Bj us Jho`Q".k ls dgkµ¶fe=kksa dk
dguk gS fd eSa jktlw; ;K djosQ lezkV&in
izkIr d:¡A ijarq jktlw; ;K rks ogh dj
ldrk gS] tks lkjs lalkj osQ ujs'kksa dk iwT; gks
vkSj muosQ }kjk lEekfur gksA vki gh bl
fo"k; esa eq>s lgh lykg ns ldrs gSaA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckr 'kkafr osQ lkFk lqudj
Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶exèkns'k osQ jktk tjklaèk us
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 33
lc jktkvksa dks thrdj mUgsa vius vèkhu dj
j[kk gSA lHkh mldk yksgk eku pqosQ gSa vkSj
mlosQ uke ls Mjrs gSa] ;gk¡ rd fd f'k'kqiky
tSls 'kfDr&laiUu jktk Hkh mldh vèkhurk
Lohdkj dj pqosQ gSa vkSj mldh N=kNk;k esa
jguk ilan djrs gSaA vr% tjklaèk osQ jgrs gq,
vkSj dkSu lezkV&in izkIr dj ldrk gS\ tc
egkjkt mxzlsu dk ukle> csVk oaQl tjklaèk
dh csVh ls C;kg djosQ mldk lkFkh cu x;k
Fkk] rc eSaus vkSj esjs caèkqvksa us tjklaèk osQ
fojQ¼ ;q¼ fd;k FkkA rhu cjl rd ge
mldh lsukvksa osQ lkFk yM+rs jgs] ij vkf[kj
gkj x,A gesa eFkqjk NksM+dj nwj if'pe }kjdk
esa tkdj uxj vkSj nqxZ cukdj jguk iM+kA
vkiosQ lkezkT;kèkh'k gksus esa nq;ksZèku vkSj d.kZ
dks vkifÙk u Hkh gks] fiQj Hkh tjklaèk ls bldh
vk'kk j[kuk csdkj gSA cxSj ;q¼ osQ tjklaèk bl
ckr dks ugha eku ldrk gSA tjklaèk us vkt
rd ijkt; dk uke rd ugha tkuk gSA ,sls
vts; ijkØeh jktk tjklaèk osQ thrs th vki
jktlw; ;K ugha dj losaQxsA mlus tks jkts&egkjkts
canhx`g esa Mky j[ks gSa] fdlh&u&fdlh mik;
ls igys mUgsa NqM+kuk gksxkA tc ;s gks tk,xk]
rHkh jktlw; djuk vkiosQ fy, lkè; gksxkA¸
Jho`Q".k dh ;s ckrsa lqudj 'kkafr&fiz;
jktk ;qfèkf"Bj cksysµ¶vkidk dguk fcyoqQy
lgh gSA bl fo'kky lalkj esa fdrus gh jktkvksa
osQ fy, txg gSA fdrus gh ujs'k vius&vius
jkT; dk 'kklu djrs gq, blesa larq"V jg
ldrs gSaA vkdka{kk og vkx gS] tks dHkh cq>rh
ugha gSA blfy, esjh HkykbZ blh esa fn[krh gS
fd lkezkT;kèkh'k cuus dk fopkj NksM+ nw¡ vkSj
tks gS mlh dks ysdj larq"V jg¡waA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ;g fou;'khyrk Hkhelsu dks
vPNh u yxhA mlus dgkµ¶Jho`Q".k dh
uhfr&oqQ'kyrk] esjk 'kkjhfjd cy vkSj vtqZu
dk 'kkS;Z ,d lkFk fey tkus ij dkSu lk ,slk
dke gS] tks ge ugha dj ldrs\ ;fn ge rhuksa
,d lkFk py iM+sa] rks tjklaèk dh 'kfDr dks
pwj djosQ gh ykSVsaxsA vki bl ckr dh 'kadk
u djsaA¸
;g lqudj Jho`Q".k us dgkµ¶;fn Hkhe
vkSj vtqZu lger gksa] rks ge rhuksa ,d lkFk
tkdj ml vU;k;h dh tsy esa iM+s gq, funksZ"k
jktkvksa dks NqM+k losaQxsA¸
ijarq ;qfèkf"Bj dks ;g ckr u t¡phA mUgksaus
dgkµ¶eSa rks dgw¡xk fd ftl dk;Z esa izk.kksa ij
cu vkus dh laHkkouk gks] mlosQ fopkj rd
dks NksM+ nsuk gh vPNk gksxkA¸
;g lqudj ohj vtqZu cksy mBkµ¶;fn
ge ;'kLoh Hkjroa'k dh larku gksdj Hkh dksbZ
lkgl dk dke u djsa] rks fèkDdkj gS gesa vkSj
gekjs thou dks! ftl dke dks djus dh geesa
lkeF;Z gS] HkkbZ ;qfèkf"Bj D;ksa le>rs gSa fd
mls ge u dj losaQxs\¸
Jho`Q".k vtqZu dh bu ckrksa ls eqXèk gks
x,A cksysµ¶èkU; gks vtqZu! oqaQrh osQ yky
vtqZu ls eq>s ;gh vk'kk FkhA¸
tc tjklaèk osQ lkFk ;q¼ djus dk fu'p;
gks x;k] rks Jho`Q".k vkSj ikaMoksa us viuh
;kstuk cukbZA Jho`Q".k] Hkhelsu vkSj vtqZu us
oYdy igu fy,] gkFk esa oqQ'kk ys yh vkSj
ozrh yksxksa dk&lk os"k èkkj.k djosQ exèk ns'k
osQ fy, jokuk gks x,A jkg esa lqanj uxjksa rFkk
xk¡oksa dks ikj djrs gq, os rhuksa tjklaèk dh
jktèkkuh esa igq¡psA tjklaèk us oqQyhu vfrfFk
Rationalised 2023-24
34 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
le>dj mudk cM+s vknj osQ lkFk Lokxr
fd;kA tjklaèk osQ Lokxr dk Hkhe vkSj vtqZu
us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA os nksuksa ekSu jgsA
bl ij Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶esjs nksuksa lkfFk;ksa us
ekSu ozr fy;k gqvk gS] bl dkj.k vHkh ugha
cksysaxsA vkèkh jkr osQ ckn ozr [kqyus ij
ckrphr djsaxsA¸ tjklaèk us bl ckr ij
fo'okl dj fy;k vkSj rhuksa esgekuksa dks
;K'kkyk esa Bgjkdj egy esa pyk x;kA dksbZ
Hkh czkã.k vfrfFk tjklaèk osQ ;gk¡ vkrk] rks
mudh bPNk rFkk lqfoèkk osQ vuqlkj ckrsa djuk
o mudk lRdkj djuk tjklaèk dk fu;e FkkA
blosQ vuqlkj vkèkh jkr osQ ckn tjklaèk vfrfFk;ksa
ls feyus x;k] ysfdu vfrfFk;ksa osQ jax&<ax
ns[kdj exèk&ujs'k osQ eu esa oqQN 'kadk gqbZA
jktk tjklaèk us dM+ddj iwNkµ¶lp&lp
crkvks] rqe yksx dkSu gks\ czkã.k rks ugha
fn[kkbZ nsrsA¸ bl ij rhuksa us lgh gky crk
fn;k vkSj dgkµ¶ge rqEgkjs 'k=kq gSaA rqels
vHkh }a} ;q¼ djuk pkgrs gSaA ge rhuksa esa ls
fdlh ,d ls] ftlls rqEgkjh bPNk gks] yM+
ldrs gksA ge lHkh blosQ fy, rS;kj gSaA¸
rHkh Hkhelsu vkSj tjklaèk esa oqQ'rh 'kq:
gks xbZA nksuksa ohj ,d&nwljs dks idM+rs] ekjrs
vkSj mBkrs gq, yM+us yxsA bl izdkj iyHkj
Hkh foJke fd, cxSj os rsjg fnu vkSj rsjg
jkr yxkrkj yM+rs jgsA pkSngosa fnu tjklaèk
Fkddj ”kjk nsj dks jQd x;kA ij Bhd ekSdk
ns[kdj Jho`Q".k us Hkhe dks b'kkjs ls le>k;k
vkSj Hkhelsu us I
+
kQkSju tjklaèk dks mBkdj
pkjksa vksj ?kqek;k vkSj mls ”kehu ij ”kksj ls
iVd fn;kA bl izdkj vts; tjklaèk dk var
gks x;kA
Jho`Q".k vkSj nksuksa ikaMoksa us mu lc
jktkvksa dks NqM+k fy;k] ftudks tjklaèk us
canhx`g esa Mky j[kk Fkk vkSj tjklaèk osQ iq=k
lgnso dks exèk dh jktxíh ij cSBkdj banzizLFk
ykSV vk,A blosQ ckn ikaMoksa us fot;&;k=kk
dh vkSj lkjs ns'k dks egkjkt ;qfèkf"Bj dh
vèkhurk esa ys vk,A
tjklaèk osQ oèk osQ ckn ikaMoksa us jktlw;
;K fd;kA blesa leLr Hkkjr osQ jktk vk, gq,
FksA tc vH;kxr ujs'kksa dk vknj&lRdkj djus
dh ckjh vkbZ] rks iz'u mBk fd vxz&iwtk
fdldh gks\ lezkV ;qfèkf"Bj us bl ckjs esa
firkeg Hkh"e ls lykg yhA o`¼ Hkh"e us dgk
fd }kjdkèkh'k Jho`Q".k dh iwtk igys dh tk,A
;qfèkf"Bj dks Hkh ;g ckr ilan vkbZA mUgksaus
lgnso dks vkKk nh fd og Jho`Q".k dk iwtu
djsA lgnso us fofèkor~ Jho`Q".k dh iwtk dhA
oklqnso dk bl izdkj xkSjokfUor gksuk psfn&ujs'k
f'k'kqiky dks vPNk ugha yxkA og ,dk,d mB
[kM+k gqvk vkSj Bgkdk ekjdj g¡l iM+kA lkjh
lHkk dh n`f"V tc f'k'kqiky dh vksj xbZ] rks
og m¡Qps Loj esa O;aX; ls cksyus yxkµ¶;g
vU;k; dh ckr gS fd ,d ekewyh ls O;fDr
dks bl izdkj xkSjokfUor fd;k tkrk gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dks ;ksa vkM+s gkFkksa ysus osQ ckn
f'k'kqiky lHkk esa mifLFkr jktkvksa dh vksj
ns[kdj cksykµ¶mifLFkr jktkx.k! ftl nqjkRek
us oqQpozQ jpdj ohj tjklaèk dks ejok Mkyk]
mlh dh ;qfèkf"Bj us vxz&iwtk dhA blosQ ckn
mls ge èkekZRek oSQls dg ldrs gSa\ muesa
gekjk fo'okl ugha jgk gSA¸
bl rjg 'kCn&ck.kksa dh ckSNkj dj
pqdus osQ ckn f'k'kqiky nwljs oqQN jktkvksa
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 35
dks lkFk ysdj lHkk ls fudy x;kA
jktkfèkjkt ;qfèkf"Bj ukjk”k gq, jktkvksa osQ
ihNs nkSM+s x, vkSj vuqu;&fou; djosQ mUgsa
le>kus yxsA ;qfèkf"Bj osQ cgqr le>kus ij
Hkh f'k'kqiky ugha ekukA mldk gB vkSj
?keaM c<+rk x;kA var esa f'k'kqiky vkSj
Jho`Q".k esa ;q¼ fNM+ x;k] ftlesa f'k'kqiky
ekjk x;kA jktlw; ;K laiw.kZ gqvk vkSj
jktk ;qfèkf"Bj dks jktkfèkjkt dh inoh izkIr
gks xbZA
Rationalised 2023-24