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NCERT Textbook: पांडवों और कौरवों के सेनापति | Hindi (Bal Mahabharat Katha) Class 7 PDF Download

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68 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Jho`Q".k miIyO; ykSV vk, vkSj gfLrukiqj dh
ppkZ dk gky ikaMoksa dks lquk;kA ;qfèkf"Bj
vius Hkkb;ksa ls cksysµ¶HkS;k! vc lsuk lqlfTtr
djks vkSj O;wg&jpuk lqpk# :i ls dj yksA¸
ikaMoksa dh fo'kky lsuk dks lkr fgLlksa esa
ck¡V fn;k x;kA nzqin] fojkV] èk`"V|qEu] f'k[kaMh]
lkR;fd] psfdrku] Hkhelsu vkfn lkr egkjFkh
bu lkr nyksa osQ uk;d cusA vc iz'u mBk
fd lsukifr fdls cuk;k tk,\ lcdh jk; yh
xbZA var esa ;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶lcus ftu&ftu
ohjksa osQ uke fy, gSa] os lHkh lsukifr cuus osQ
;ksX; gSaA ¯drq vtqZu dh jk; eq>s gj n`f"V
ls Bhd izrhr gksrh gSA eSa mlh dk leFkZu
djrk gw¡A èk`"V|qEu dks gh lkjh lsuk dk uk;d
cuk;k tk,A¸
ohj oqQekj èk`"V|qEu dks ikaMoksa dh lsuk
dk uk;d cuk;k x;k vkSj mldk fofèkor~
vfHk"ksd fd;k x;kA vius dksykgy ls fn'kkvksa
dks xq¡tkrh gqbZ ikaMoksa dh lsuk eSnku esa
vk igq¡phA
mèkj dkSjoksa dh lsuk osQ uk;d Fks Hkh"e
firkegA Hkh"e us dgkµ¶;q¼ dk lapkyu
djosQ viuk Í.k vo'; pqdk nw¡xkA yM+kbZ
dh ?kks"k.kk djrs le; esjh lEefr fdlh us
ugha yh FkhA blh dkj.k eaSus fu'p; dj fy;k
Fkk fd tku&cw>dj Lo;a vkxs gksdj ikaMq&iq=kksa
dk oèk eSa ugha d:¡xkA d.kZ] rqe yksxksa dk
cgqr gh I;kjk gSA 'kq: ls gh og esjk rFkk esjh
lEefr;ksa dk fojksèk djrk vk;k gSA vr%
vPNk gks fd vxj og lsukifr cu tk,A
blesa eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gksxhA¸
d.kZ dk míaM O;ogkj Hkh"e dks lnk ls
gh cgqr [kVdrk jgrk FkkA d.kZ us Hkh gB dj
fy;k Fkk fd tc rd Hkh"e thfor jgsaxs] rc
rd og ;q¼&Hkwfe esa izos'k ugha djsxkA Hkh"e
osQ ekjs tkus osQ ckn gh og yM+kbZ esa Hkkx ysxk
vkSj osQoy vtqZu dks gh ekjsxkA nq;ksZèku us lc
lksp&le>dj firkeg Hkh"e dh 'krZ eku yh
vkSj mUgha dks lsukifr fu;qDr fd;kA iQyr%
d.kZ rc rd osQ fy, ;q¼ ls fojr jgkA
ik
a
Moksa vkSj dkSjoksa ds lsukifr
28
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


68 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Jho`Q".k miIyO; ykSV vk, vkSj gfLrukiqj dh
ppkZ dk gky ikaMoksa dks lquk;kA ;qfèkf"Bj
vius Hkkb;ksa ls cksysµ¶HkS;k! vc lsuk lqlfTtr
djks vkSj O;wg&jpuk lqpk# :i ls dj yksA¸
ikaMoksa dh fo'kky lsuk dks lkr fgLlksa esa
ck¡V fn;k x;kA nzqin] fojkV] èk`"V|qEu] f'k[kaMh]
lkR;fd] psfdrku] Hkhelsu vkfn lkr egkjFkh
bu lkr nyksa osQ uk;d cusA vc iz'u mBk
fd lsukifr fdls cuk;k tk,\ lcdh jk; yh
xbZA var esa ;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶lcus ftu&ftu
ohjksa osQ uke fy, gSa] os lHkh lsukifr cuus osQ
;ksX; gSaA ¯drq vtqZu dh jk; eq>s gj n`f"V
ls Bhd izrhr gksrh gSA eSa mlh dk leFkZu
djrk gw¡A èk`"V|qEu dks gh lkjh lsuk dk uk;d
cuk;k tk,A¸
ohj oqQekj èk`"V|qEu dks ikaMoksa dh lsuk
dk uk;d cuk;k x;k vkSj mldk fofèkor~
vfHk"ksd fd;k x;kA vius dksykgy ls fn'kkvksa
dks xq¡tkrh gqbZ ikaMoksa dh lsuk eSnku esa
vk igq¡phA
mèkj dkSjoksa dh lsuk osQ uk;d Fks Hkh"e
firkegA Hkh"e us dgkµ¶;q¼ dk lapkyu
djosQ viuk Í.k vo'; pqdk nw¡xkA yM+kbZ
dh ?kks"k.kk djrs le; esjh lEefr fdlh us
ugha yh FkhA blh dkj.k eaSus fu'p; dj fy;k
Fkk fd tku&cw>dj Lo;a vkxs gksdj ikaMq&iq=kksa
dk oèk eSa ugha d:¡xkA d.kZ] rqe yksxksa dk
cgqr gh I;kjk gSA 'kq: ls gh og esjk rFkk esjh
lEefr;ksa dk fojksèk djrk vk;k gSA vr%
vPNk gks fd vxj og lsukifr cu tk,A
blesa eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gksxhA¸
d.kZ dk míaM O;ogkj Hkh"e dks lnk ls
gh cgqr [kVdrk jgrk FkkA d.kZ us Hkh gB dj
fy;k Fkk fd tc rd Hkh"e thfor jgsaxs] rc
rd og ;q¼&Hkwfe esa izos'k ugha djsxkA Hkh"e
osQ ekjs tkus osQ ckn gh og yM+kbZ esa Hkkx ysxk
vkSj osQoy vtqZu dks gh ekjsxkA nq;ksZèku us lc
lksp&le>dj firkeg Hkh"e dh 'krZ eku yh
vkSj mUgha dks lsukifr fu;qDr fd;kA iQyr%
d.kZ rc rd osQ fy, ;q¼ ls fojr jgkA
ik
a
Moksa vkSj dkSjoksa ds lsukifr
28
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 69
firkeg osQ uk;dRo esa dkSjo&lsuk leqnz
dh Hkk¡fr ygjsa ekjrh gqbZ oqQ#{ks=k dh vksj
izokfgr gqbZA
bèkj ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡ gks jgh Fkha vkSj mèkj
,d jks”k cyjke ikaMoksa dh Nkouh esa ,dk,d
tk igq¡psA cyjke th us vius cM+s&cw<+s fojkVjkt
vkSj nzqinjkt dks fofèkor~ iz.kke fd;k vkSj
èkeZjkt osQ ikl cSB x,A og cksysµ¶fdruh
gh ckj eSaus o`Q".k dks dgk Fkk fd gekjs fy,
rks ikaMo vkSj dkSjo nksuksa gh ,d leku gSaA
blesa gesa chp esa iM+us dh vko';drk ugha
gS] ij o`Q".k us esjh ckr ugha ekuhA vtqZu osQ
izfr mldk bruk Lusg gS fd mlus rqEgkjs i{k
esa jgdj ;q¼ djuk Hkh Lohdkj dj fy;kA
ftl rjI
+
kQ o`Q".k gks] mlosQ foi{k esa eSa Hkyk
oSQls tkm¡Q\ Hkhe vkSj nq;ksZèku nksuksa us gh eq>ls
xnk&;q¼ lh[kk gSA nksuksa gh esjs f'k"; gSaA nksuksa
ij esjk ,d tSlk I;kj gSA bu nksuksa oqQjQoaf'k;ksa
dks ;ksa vkil esa yM+rs&ejrs ns[kuk eq>ls lgu
ugha gksrk gSA yM+ks rqe yksx] ijarq ;g lc
ns[kus osQ fy, eSa ;gk¡ ugha jg ldrk gw¡A eq>s
vc lalkj ls fojkx gks x;k gSA vr% eSa tk
jgk gw¡A¸
;q¼ osQ le; lkjs Hkkjro"kZ esa nks gh jktk
;q¼ esa lfEefyr ugha gq, vkSj rVLFk jgsµ,d
cyjke vkSj nwljs HkkstdV osQ jktk #DehA
#Deh dh NksVh cgu #fDe.kh Jho`Q".k dh
iRuh FkhA
oqQ#{ks=k esa gksusokys ;q¼ osQ lekpkj lqudj
#Deh ,d v{kkSfg.kh lsuk ysdj ;q¼ esa lfEefyr
gksus dks x;kA mlus lkspk fd ;g volj
oklqnso dh fe=krk izkIr dj ysus osQ fy, Bhd
gksxkA blfy, og ikaMoksa osQ ikl igq¡pk vkSj
vtZqu ls cksykµ¶ikaMq&iq=k! vkidh lsuk ls
'k=kq&lsuk oqQN vfèkd ekywe gksrh gSA blh
dkj.k eSa vkidh lgk;rk djus vk;k gw¡A¸
;g lqudj vtZqu g¡lrs gq, #Deh ls
cksykµ¶jktu~! vki fcuk 'krZ osQ lgk;rk djuk
pkgrs gSa] rks vkidk Lokxr gSA ugha rks vkidh
tSlh bPNkA¸
;g lqudj #Deh cM+k ozqQ¼ gqvk vkSj
viuh lsuk ysdj nq;ksZèku osQ ikl pyk x;kA
#Deh us nq;ksZèku ls dgkµ¶ikaMo esjh
enn ugha pkgrs gSaA bl dkj.k eSa vkidh
lgk;rk gsrq vk;k gw¡A¸
ikaMoksa us ftldh lgk;rk Lohdkj ugha
dh] gesa mldh lgk;rk Lohdkj djus dh
”k:jr ugha gSA¸ ;g dgdj nq;ksZèku us Hkh
#Deh dh lgk;rk Bqdjk nhA cspkjk #Deh nksuksa
rjI
+
kQ ls viekfur gksdj HkkstdV okil ykSV
x;kA #Deh drZO; ls izsfjr gksdj ugha] cfYd
viuh izfr"Bk c<+kus osQ mís'; ls oqQ#{ks=k x;k
vkSj viekfur gqvkA
oqQ#{ks=k osQ eSnku esa nksuksa rjI
+
kQ dh lsuk,¡
yM+us dks rS;kj [kM+h FkhaA mu fnuksa dh jhfr osQ
vuqlkj nksuksa i{k osQ ohjksa us ;q¼&uhfr ij
pyus dh izfrKk,¡ yhaA
dkSjoksa dh lsuk dh O;wg&jpuk ns[kdj
;qfèkf"Bj us vtqZu dks vkKk nhµ¶,d txg
lc ohjksa dks bd_s jgdj yM+uk gksxkA vr%
lsuk dks lwph&eq[k (lwbZ dh uksad osQ leku)
O;wg esa lfTtr djksA¸
bl izdkj nksuksa i{kksa dh lsukvksa dh
O;wg&jpuk gks xbZA vtqZu us ;q¼ osQ fy, rS;kj
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


68 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Jho`Q".k miIyO; ykSV vk, vkSj gfLrukiqj dh
ppkZ dk gky ikaMoksa dks lquk;kA ;qfèkf"Bj
vius Hkkb;ksa ls cksysµ¶HkS;k! vc lsuk lqlfTtr
djks vkSj O;wg&jpuk lqpk# :i ls dj yksA¸
ikaMoksa dh fo'kky lsuk dks lkr fgLlksa esa
ck¡V fn;k x;kA nzqin] fojkV] èk`"V|qEu] f'k[kaMh]
lkR;fd] psfdrku] Hkhelsu vkfn lkr egkjFkh
bu lkr nyksa osQ uk;d cusA vc iz'u mBk
fd lsukifr fdls cuk;k tk,\ lcdh jk; yh
xbZA var esa ;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶lcus ftu&ftu
ohjksa osQ uke fy, gSa] os lHkh lsukifr cuus osQ
;ksX; gSaA ¯drq vtqZu dh jk; eq>s gj n`f"V
ls Bhd izrhr gksrh gSA eSa mlh dk leFkZu
djrk gw¡A èk`"V|qEu dks gh lkjh lsuk dk uk;d
cuk;k tk,A¸
ohj oqQekj èk`"V|qEu dks ikaMoksa dh lsuk
dk uk;d cuk;k x;k vkSj mldk fofèkor~
vfHk"ksd fd;k x;kA vius dksykgy ls fn'kkvksa
dks xq¡tkrh gqbZ ikaMoksa dh lsuk eSnku esa
vk igq¡phA
mèkj dkSjoksa dh lsuk osQ uk;d Fks Hkh"e
firkegA Hkh"e us dgkµ¶;q¼ dk lapkyu
djosQ viuk Í.k vo'; pqdk nw¡xkA yM+kbZ
dh ?kks"k.kk djrs le; esjh lEefr fdlh us
ugha yh FkhA blh dkj.k eaSus fu'p; dj fy;k
Fkk fd tku&cw>dj Lo;a vkxs gksdj ikaMq&iq=kksa
dk oèk eSa ugha d:¡xkA d.kZ] rqe yksxksa dk
cgqr gh I;kjk gSA 'kq: ls gh og esjk rFkk esjh
lEefr;ksa dk fojksèk djrk vk;k gSA vr%
vPNk gks fd vxj og lsukifr cu tk,A
blesa eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gksxhA¸
d.kZ dk míaM O;ogkj Hkh"e dks lnk ls
gh cgqr [kVdrk jgrk FkkA d.kZ us Hkh gB dj
fy;k Fkk fd tc rd Hkh"e thfor jgsaxs] rc
rd og ;q¼&Hkwfe esa izos'k ugha djsxkA Hkh"e
osQ ekjs tkus osQ ckn gh og yM+kbZ esa Hkkx ysxk
vkSj osQoy vtqZu dks gh ekjsxkA nq;ksZèku us lc
lksp&le>dj firkeg Hkh"e dh 'krZ eku yh
vkSj mUgha dks lsukifr fu;qDr fd;kA iQyr%
d.kZ rc rd osQ fy, ;q¼ ls fojr jgkA
ik
a
Moksa vkSj dkSjoksa ds lsukifr
28
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 69
firkeg osQ uk;dRo esa dkSjo&lsuk leqnz
dh Hkk¡fr ygjsa ekjrh gqbZ oqQ#{ks=k dh vksj
izokfgr gqbZA
bèkj ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡ gks jgh Fkha vkSj mèkj
,d jks”k cyjke ikaMoksa dh Nkouh esa ,dk,d
tk igq¡psA cyjke th us vius cM+s&cw<+s fojkVjkt
vkSj nzqinjkt dks fofèkor~ iz.kke fd;k vkSj
èkeZjkt osQ ikl cSB x,A og cksysµ¶fdruh
gh ckj eSaus o`Q".k dks dgk Fkk fd gekjs fy,
rks ikaMo vkSj dkSjo nksuksa gh ,d leku gSaA
blesa gesa chp esa iM+us dh vko';drk ugha
gS] ij o`Q".k us esjh ckr ugha ekuhA vtqZu osQ
izfr mldk bruk Lusg gS fd mlus rqEgkjs i{k
esa jgdj ;q¼ djuk Hkh Lohdkj dj fy;kA
ftl rjI
+
kQ o`Q".k gks] mlosQ foi{k esa eSa Hkyk
oSQls tkm¡Q\ Hkhe vkSj nq;ksZèku nksuksa us gh eq>ls
xnk&;q¼ lh[kk gSA nksuksa gh esjs f'k"; gSaA nksuksa
ij esjk ,d tSlk I;kj gSA bu nksuksa oqQjQoaf'k;ksa
dks ;ksa vkil esa yM+rs&ejrs ns[kuk eq>ls lgu
ugha gksrk gSA yM+ks rqe yksx] ijarq ;g lc
ns[kus osQ fy, eSa ;gk¡ ugha jg ldrk gw¡A eq>s
vc lalkj ls fojkx gks x;k gSA vr% eSa tk
jgk gw¡A¸
;q¼ osQ le; lkjs Hkkjro"kZ esa nks gh jktk
;q¼ esa lfEefyr ugha gq, vkSj rVLFk jgsµ,d
cyjke vkSj nwljs HkkstdV osQ jktk #DehA
#Deh dh NksVh cgu #fDe.kh Jho`Q".k dh
iRuh FkhA
oqQ#{ks=k esa gksusokys ;q¼ osQ lekpkj lqudj
#Deh ,d v{kkSfg.kh lsuk ysdj ;q¼ esa lfEefyr
gksus dks x;kA mlus lkspk fd ;g volj
oklqnso dh fe=krk izkIr dj ysus osQ fy, Bhd
gksxkA blfy, og ikaMoksa osQ ikl igq¡pk vkSj
vtZqu ls cksykµ¶ikaMq&iq=k! vkidh lsuk ls
'k=kq&lsuk oqQN vfèkd ekywe gksrh gSA blh
dkj.k eSa vkidh lgk;rk djus vk;k gw¡A¸
;g lqudj vtZqu g¡lrs gq, #Deh ls
cksykµ¶jktu~! vki fcuk 'krZ osQ lgk;rk djuk
pkgrs gSa] rks vkidk Lokxr gSA ugha rks vkidh
tSlh bPNkA¸
;g lqudj #Deh cM+k ozqQ¼ gqvk vkSj
viuh lsuk ysdj nq;ksZèku osQ ikl pyk x;kA
#Deh us nq;ksZèku ls dgkµ¶ikaMo esjh
enn ugha pkgrs gSaA bl dkj.k eSa vkidh
lgk;rk gsrq vk;k gw¡A¸
ikaMoksa us ftldh lgk;rk Lohdkj ugha
dh] gesa mldh lgk;rk Lohdkj djus dh
”k:jr ugha gSA¸ ;g dgdj nq;ksZèku us Hkh
#Deh dh lgk;rk Bqdjk nhA cspkjk #Deh nksuksa
rjI
+
kQ ls viekfur gksdj HkkstdV okil ykSV
x;kA #Deh drZO; ls izsfjr gksdj ugha] cfYd
viuh izfr"Bk c<+kus osQ mís'; ls oqQ#{ks=k x;k
vkSj viekfur gqvkA
oqQ#{ks=k osQ eSnku esa nksuksa rjI
+
kQ dh lsuk,¡
yM+us dks rS;kj [kM+h FkhaA mu fnuksa dh jhfr osQ
vuqlkj nksuksa i{k osQ ohjksa us ;q¼&uhfr ij
pyus dh izfrKk,¡ yhaA
dkSjoksa dh lsuk dh O;wg&jpuk ns[kdj
;qfèkf"Bj us vtqZu dks vkKk nhµ¶,d txg
lc ohjksa dks bd_s jgdj yM+uk gksxkA vr%
lsuk dks lwph&eq[k (lwbZ dh uksad osQ leku)
O;wg esa lfTtr djksA¸
bl izdkj nksuksa i{kksa dh lsukvksa dh
O;wg&jpuk gks xbZA vtqZu us ;q¼ osQ fy, rS;kj
Rationalised 2023-24
70 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
gq, ohjksa dks ns[kk] rks mlosQ eu esa 'kadk gqbZ
fd ge ;g D;k djus tk jgs gSaA mlus viuh
;g 'kadk Jho`Q".k ij izdV dhA rc vtqZu osQ
bl Hkze dks nwj djus osQ fy, Jho`Q".k us
oqQ#{ks=k esa ftl deZ;ksx dk mins'k fn;k] og
rks fo'ofo[;kr gSA
lc yksx blh dh jkg ns[k jgs Fks fd dc
;q¼ 'kq: gks] ij ,dk,d ikaMo&lsuk osQ chp
esa gypy ep xbZA ns[krs D;k gSa fd ;qfèkf"Bj
us vpkud viuk dop vkSj èkuq"k&ck.k mrkjdj
jFk ij j[k fn;k gS vkSj jFk ls mrjdj gkFk
tksM+s dkSjo&lsuk dh gfFk;kjcan iafDr;ksa dks
phjrs gq, Hkh"e dh vksj iSny tk jgs gSaA fcuk
lwpuk fn, mudks bl izdkj tkrs ns[kdj nksuksa
gh i{kokys vpaHks esa iM+ x,A
vtqZu rqjar jFk ls owQn iM+k vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj
osQ ihNs dkSjo&lsuk esa ?kql x;kA nwljs] ikaMo
vkSj Jho`Q".k Hkh muosQ lkFk gh gks fy,A
brus esa Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶vtqZu] eSa le>
x;k gw¡ fd egkjkt ;qfèkf"Bj dh bPNk D;k gSA
fcuk cM+ksa dh vkKk fy, ;q¼ djuk vuqfpr
ekuk tkrk gSA èkeZjkt dk mís'; vPNk gh gSA¸
'k=kq&lsuk osQ gfFk;kjcan ohjksa dh drkj dks
phjrs gq, ;qfèkf"Bj lhèks firkeg Hkh"e osQ ikl
igq¡ps vkSj >qddj muosQ pj.k Nq,A fiQj
cksysµ¶firkeg! geus vkiosQ lkFk yM+us dk
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 4


68 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Jho`Q".k miIyO; ykSV vk, vkSj gfLrukiqj dh
ppkZ dk gky ikaMoksa dks lquk;kA ;qfèkf"Bj
vius Hkkb;ksa ls cksysµ¶HkS;k! vc lsuk lqlfTtr
djks vkSj O;wg&jpuk lqpk# :i ls dj yksA¸
ikaMoksa dh fo'kky lsuk dks lkr fgLlksa esa
ck¡V fn;k x;kA nzqin] fojkV] èk`"V|qEu] f'k[kaMh]
lkR;fd] psfdrku] Hkhelsu vkfn lkr egkjFkh
bu lkr nyksa osQ uk;d cusA vc iz'u mBk
fd lsukifr fdls cuk;k tk,\ lcdh jk; yh
xbZA var esa ;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶lcus ftu&ftu
ohjksa osQ uke fy, gSa] os lHkh lsukifr cuus osQ
;ksX; gSaA ¯drq vtqZu dh jk; eq>s gj n`f"V
ls Bhd izrhr gksrh gSA eSa mlh dk leFkZu
djrk gw¡A èk`"V|qEu dks gh lkjh lsuk dk uk;d
cuk;k tk,A¸
ohj oqQekj èk`"V|qEu dks ikaMoksa dh lsuk
dk uk;d cuk;k x;k vkSj mldk fofèkor~
vfHk"ksd fd;k x;kA vius dksykgy ls fn'kkvksa
dks xq¡tkrh gqbZ ikaMoksa dh lsuk eSnku esa
vk igq¡phA
mèkj dkSjoksa dh lsuk osQ uk;d Fks Hkh"e
firkegA Hkh"e us dgkµ¶;q¼ dk lapkyu
djosQ viuk Í.k vo'; pqdk nw¡xkA yM+kbZ
dh ?kks"k.kk djrs le; esjh lEefr fdlh us
ugha yh FkhA blh dkj.k eaSus fu'p; dj fy;k
Fkk fd tku&cw>dj Lo;a vkxs gksdj ikaMq&iq=kksa
dk oèk eSa ugha d:¡xkA d.kZ] rqe yksxksa dk
cgqr gh I;kjk gSA 'kq: ls gh og esjk rFkk esjh
lEefr;ksa dk fojksèk djrk vk;k gSA vr%
vPNk gks fd vxj og lsukifr cu tk,A
blesa eq>s dksbZ vkifÙk ugha gksxhA¸
d.kZ dk míaM O;ogkj Hkh"e dks lnk ls
gh cgqr [kVdrk jgrk FkkA d.kZ us Hkh gB dj
fy;k Fkk fd tc rd Hkh"e thfor jgsaxs] rc
rd og ;q¼&Hkwfe esa izos'k ugha djsxkA Hkh"e
osQ ekjs tkus osQ ckn gh og yM+kbZ esa Hkkx ysxk
vkSj osQoy vtqZu dks gh ekjsxkA nq;ksZèku us lc
lksp&le>dj firkeg Hkh"e dh 'krZ eku yh
vkSj mUgha dks lsukifr fu;qDr fd;kA iQyr%
d.kZ rc rd osQ fy, ;q¼ ls fojr jgkA
ik
a
Moksa vkSj dkSjoksa ds lsukifr
28
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 69
firkeg osQ uk;dRo esa dkSjo&lsuk leqnz
dh Hkk¡fr ygjsa ekjrh gqbZ oqQ#{ks=k dh vksj
izokfgr gqbZA
bèkj ;q¼ dh rS;kfj;k¡ gks jgh Fkha vkSj mèkj
,d jks”k cyjke ikaMoksa dh Nkouh esa ,dk,d
tk igq¡psA cyjke th us vius cM+s&cw<+s fojkVjkt
vkSj nzqinjkt dks fofèkor~ iz.kke fd;k vkSj
èkeZjkt osQ ikl cSB x,A og cksysµ¶fdruh
gh ckj eSaus o`Q".k dks dgk Fkk fd gekjs fy,
rks ikaMo vkSj dkSjo nksuksa gh ,d leku gSaA
blesa gesa chp esa iM+us dh vko';drk ugha
gS] ij o`Q".k us esjh ckr ugha ekuhA vtqZu osQ
izfr mldk bruk Lusg gS fd mlus rqEgkjs i{k
esa jgdj ;q¼ djuk Hkh Lohdkj dj fy;kA
ftl rjI
+
kQ o`Q".k gks] mlosQ foi{k esa eSa Hkyk
oSQls tkm¡Q\ Hkhe vkSj nq;ksZèku nksuksa us gh eq>ls
xnk&;q¼ lh[kk gSA nksuksa gh esjs f'k"; gSaA nksuksa
ij esjk ,d tSlk I;kj gSA bu nksuksa oqQjQoaf'k;ksa
dks ;ksa vkil esa yM+rs&ejrs ns[kuk eq>ls lgu
ugha gksrk gSA yM+ks rqe yksx] ijarq ;g lc
ns[kus osQ fy, eSa ;gk¡ ugha jg ldrk gw¡A eq>s
vc lalkj ls fojkx gks x;k gSA vr% eSa tk
jgk gw¡A¸
;q¼ osQ le; lkjs Hkkjro"kZ esa nks gh jktk
;q¼ esa lfEefyr ugha gq, vkSj rVLFk jgsµ,d
cyjke vkSj nwljs HkkstdV osQ jktk #DehA
#Deh dh NksVh cgu #fDe.kh Jho`Q".k dh
iRuh FkhA
oqQ#{ks=k esa gksusokys ;q¼ osQ lekpkj lqudj
#Deh ,d v{kkSfg.kh lsuk ysdj ;q¼ esa lfEefyr
gksus dks x;kA mlus lkspk fd ;g volj
oklqnso dh fe=krk izkIr dj ysus osQ fy, Bhd
gksxkA blfy, og ikaMoksa osQ ikl igq¡pk vkSj
vtZqu ls cksykµ¶ikaMq&iq=k! vkidh lsuk ls
'k=kq&lsuk oqQN vfèkd ekywe gksrh gSA blh
dkj.k eSa vkidh lgk;rk djus vk;k gw¡A¸
;g lqudj vtZqu g¡lrs gq, #Deh ls
cksykµ¶jktu~! vki fcuk 'krZ osQ lgk;rk djuk
pkgrs gSa] rks vkidk Lokxr gSA ugha rks vkidh
tSlh bPNkA¸
;g lqudj #Deh cM+k ozqQ¼ gqvk vkSj
viuh lsuk ysdj nq;ksZèku osQ ikl pyk x;kA
#Deh us nq;ksZèku ls dgkµ¶ikaMo esjh
enn ugha pkgrs gSaA bl dkj.k eSa vkidh
lgk;rk gsrq vk;k gw¡A¸
ikaMoksa us ftldh lgk;rk Lohdkj ugha
dh] gesa mldh lgk;rk Lohdkj djus dh
”k:jr ugha gSA¸ ;g dgdj nq;ksZèku us Hkh
#Deh dh lgk;rk Bqdjk nhA cspkjk #Deh nksuksa
rjI
+
kQ ls viekfur gksdj HkkstdV okil ykSV
x;kA #Deh drZO; ls izsfjr gksdj ugha] cfYd
viuh izfr"Bk c<+kus osQ mís'; ls oqQ#{ks=k x;k
vkSj viekfur gqvkA
oqQ#{ks=k osQ eSnku esa nksuksa rjI
+
kQ dh lsuk,¡
yM+us dks rS;kj [kM+h FkhaA mu fnuksa dh jhfr osQ
vuqlkj nksuksa i{k osQ ohjksa us ;q¼&uhfr ij
pyus dh izfrKk,¡ yhaA
dkSjoksa dh lsuk dh O;wg&jpuk ns[kdj
;qfèkf"Bj us vtqZu dks vkKk nhµ¶,d txg
lc ohjksa dks bd_s jgdj yM+uk gksxkA vr%
lsuk dks lwph&eq[k (lwbZ dh uksad osQ leku)
O;wg esa lfTtr djksA¸
bl izdkj nksuksa i{kksa dh lsukvksa dh
O;wg&jpuk gks xbZA vtqZu us ;q¼ osQ fy, rS;kj
Rationalised 2023-24
70 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
gq, ohjksa dks ns[kk] rks mlosQ eu esa 'kadk gqbZ
fd ge ;g D;k djus tk jgs gSaA mlus viuh
;g 'kadk Jho`Q".k ij izdV dhA rc vtqZu osQ
bl Hkze dks nwj djus osQ fy, Jho`Q".k us
oqQ#{ks=k esa ftl deZ;ksx dk mins'k fn;k] og
rks fo'ofo[;kr gSA
lc yksx blh dh jkg ns[k jgs Fks fd dc
;q¼ 'kq: gks] ij ,dk,d ikaMo&lsuk osQ chp
esa gypy ep xbZA ns[krs D;k gSa fd ;qfèkf"Bj
us vpkud viuk dop vkSj èkuq"k&ck.k mrkjdj
jFk ij j[k fn;k gS vkSj jFk ls mrjdj gkFk
tksM+s dkSjo&lsuk dh gfFk;kjcan iafDr;ksa dks
phjrs gq, Hkh"e dh vksj iSny tk jgs gSaA fcuk
lwpuk fn, mudks bl izdkj tkrs ns[kdj nksuksa
gh i{kokys vpaHks esa iM+ x,A
vtqZu rqjar jFk ls owQn iM+k vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj
osQ ihNs dkSjo&lsuk esa ?kql x;kA nwljs] ikaMo
vkSj Jho`Q".k Hkh muosQ lkFk gh gks fy,A
brus esa Jho`Q".k cksysµ¶vtqZu] eSa le>
x;k gw¡ fd egkjkt ;qfèkf"Bj dh bPNk D;k gSA
fcuk cM+ksa dh vkKk fy, ;q¼ djuk vuqfpr
ekuk tkrk gSA èkeZjkt dk mís'; vPNk gh gSA¸
'k=kq&lsuk osQ gfFk;kjcan ohjksa dh drkj dks
phjrs gq, ;qfèkf"Bj lhèks firkeg Hkh"e osQ ikl
igq¡ps vkSj >qddj muosQ pj.k Nq,A fiQj
cksysµ¶firkeg! geus vkiosQ lkFk yM+us dk
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 71
nq%lkgl dj gh fy;kA o`Qi;k geasa ;q¼ dh
vuqefr nhft, vkSj vk'khokZn Hkh fd ge
;q¼ esa fot; izkIr djsaA¸
Hkh"e cksysµ¶csVk ;qfèkf"Bj] eq>s rqels
;gh vk'kk FkhA eSa Lora=k ugha gw¡A foo'k gksdj
eq>s rqEgkjs foi{k esa jguk iM+ jgk gSA fiQj
Hkh esjh ;gh dkeuk gS fd j.k esa fot;
rqEgkjh gksA¸
Hkh"e dh vkKk vkSj vk'khokZn izkIr dj
ysus osQ ckn ;qfèkf"Bj vkpk;Z nzks.k osQ ikl
x, vkSj ifjozQek djosQ mudks naMor~ fd;kA
vkpk;Z us vk'khokZn nsrs gq, dgkµ¶eSa Hkh
dkSjoksa osQ vèkhu gw¡A mudk lkFk nsus dks
foo'k gw¡A fiQj Hkh esjh ;gh dkeuk gS fd
thr rqEgkjh gh gksA¸ vkpk;Z nzks.k ls vk'kh"k
ysdj èkeZjkt us vkpk;Z o`Qi ,oa enzjkt
'kY; osQ ikl tkdj muosQ Hkh vk'khokZn izkIr
fd, vkSj lsuk esa ykSV vk,A
;q¼ 'kq: gqvk] rks igys cM+s ;ks¼kvksa esa
}a} gksus yxkA cjkcj dh rkdrokys ,d gh
tSls gfFk;kj ysdj nks&nks dh tksM+h esa yM+us
yxsA vtqZu osQ lkFk Hkh"e] lkR;fd osQ lkFk
o`QroekZ vkSj vfHkeU;q c`gRiky osQ lkFk fHkM+
x,A Hkhelsu nq;ksZèku ls tk fHkM+kA ;qfèkf"Bj
'kY; osQ lkFk yM+us yxsA èk`"V|qEu us vkpk;Z
nzks.k ij lkjh 'kfDr yxkdj geyk cksy fn;k
vkSj blh izdkj izR;sd ohj ;q¼&èkeZ dk ikyu
djrk gqvk }a} djus yxkA
Hkh"e osQ usr`Ro esa dkSjo&ohjksa us nl fnu
rd ;q¼ fd;kA nl fnu osQ ckn Hkh"e vkgr gq,
vkSj nzks.kkpk;Z lsukifr fu;qDr fd, x,A nzks.kkpk;Z
Hkh tc [ksr jgs] rkss d.kZ dks lsukifrRo xzg.k
djuk iM+kA l=kgosa fnu dh yM+kbZ esa d.kZ dk Hkh
LoxZokl gks x;kA blosQ ckn 'kY; us dkSjoksa dk
lsukifr cudj lsuk dk lapkyu fd;kA bl
izdkj egkHkkjr dk ;q¼ oqQy v_kjg fnu pykA
Rationalised 2023-24
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