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NCERT Textbook: अभिमन्यु | Hindi (Bal Mahabharat Katha) Class 7 PDF Download

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 Page 1


cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 79
vfHkeU;q
34
rsjgosaa fnu Hkh la'kIrdkssa (f=kxrks±) us vtqZu dks
;q¼ osQ fy, yydkjkA vtqZu Hkh pqukSrh Lohdkj
djosQ muosQ lkFk yM+rk gqvk nf{k.k fn'kk dh
vksj pykA fu;r LFkku ij igq¡pus ij vtqZu vkSj
la'kIrdksa osQ chp ?kksj laxzke fNM+ x;kA vtqZu
osQ nf{k.k dh vksj pys tkus osQ ckn nzks.kkpk;Z us
pozQO;wg dh jpuk dh vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj ij èkkok
cksy fn;kA ;qfèkf"Bj dh vksj ls Hkhe] lkR;fd]
psfdrku] èk`"V|qEu] oqaQfrHkkst] mÙkekStk] fojkVjkt]
ohj oSQosQ; vkfn fdrus gh lqfo[;kr egkjfFk;ksa
us nzks.kkpk;Z osQ vkØe.k dh ck<+ dks jksdus dh
th&rksM+ dksf'k'k dhA fiQj Hkh nzks.k dk osx
muosQ jksosQ ugha #dkA ;g ns[kdj lHkh egkjFkh
¯prk esa iM+ x,A lqHknzk dk iq=k vfHkeU;q vHkh
ckyd gh FkkA fiQj Hkh viuh j.koqQ'kyrk vkSj
'kwjrk osQ fy, og bruk vfèkd izfl¼ gks pqdk
Fkk fd yksx mldks o`Q".k ,oa vtqZu dh lerk
djusokyk le>rs FksA
;qfèkf"Bj us bl ohj ckyd dks cqykdj
dgkµ¶csVk! nzks.k osQ jps gq, pØO;wg dks
rksM+uk gekjs vkSj fdlh ohj ls gks ugha ldrkA
vosQys rqEgha ,sls gks] ftlosQ fy, nzks.k osQ
cuk, bl O;wg dks rksM+uk laHko gSA rqe nzks.k
dh lsuk ij vkØe.k djus dks rS;kj gks\¸
;g lqudj vfHkeU;q cksykµ¶egkjkt] bl
pØO;wg esa izos'k djuk rks eq>s vkrk gS] ij
izos'k djus osQ ckn dgha dksbZ ladV vk x;k
rks O;wg ls ckgj fudyuk eq>s ;kn ugha gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶csVk! O;wg dks rksM+dj ,d
ckj rqe Hkhrj izos'k dj yks_ fiQj rks ftèkj ls
rqe vkxs c<+ksxs] mèkj ls gh ge rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs
pys vk,¡xs vkSj rqEgkjh enn dks rS;kj jgsaxsA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckrksa dk leFkZu djrs gq,
Hkhelsu us dgkµ¶rqEgkjs Bhd ihNs&ihNs eSa
pyw¡xkA èk`"V|qEu] lkR;fd vkfn ohj Hkh
viuh&viuh lsukvksa osQ lkFk rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 79
vfHkeU;q
34
rsjgosaa fnu Hkh la'kIrdkssa (f=kxrks±) us vtqZu dks
;q¼ osQ fy, yydkjkA vtqZu Hkh pqukSrh Lohdkj
djosQ muosQ lkFk yM+rk gqvk nf{k.k fn'kk dh
vksj pykA fu;r LFkku ij igq¡pus ij vtqZu vkSj
la'kIrdksa osQ chp ?kksj laxzke fNM+ x;kA vtqZu
osQ nf{k.k dh vksj pys tkus osQ ckn nzks.kkpk;Z us
pozQO;wg dh jpuk dh vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj ij èkkok
cksy fn;kA ;qfèkf"Bj dh vksj ls Hkhe] lkR;fd]
psfdrku] èk`"V|qEu] oqaQfrHkkst] mÙkekStk] fojkVjkt]
ohj oSQosQ; vkfn fdrus gh lqfo[;kr egkjfFk;ksa
us nzks.kkpk;Z osQ vkØe.k dh ck<+ dks jksdus dh
th&rksM+ dksf'k'k dhA fiQj Hkh nzks.k dk osx
muosQ jksosQ ugha #dkA ;g ns[kdj lHkh egkjFkh
¯prk esa iM+ x,A lqHknzk dk iq=k vfHkeU;q vHkh
ckyd gh FkkA fiQj Hkh viuh j.koqQ'kyrk vkSj
'kwjrk osQ fy, og bruk vfèkd izfl¼ gks pqdk
Fkk fd yksx mldks o`Q".k ,oa vtqZu dh lerk
djusokyk le>rs FksA
;qfèkf"Bj us bl ohj ckyd dks cqykdj
dgkµ¶csVk! nzks.k osQ jps gq, pØO;wg dks
rksM+uk gekjs vkSj fdlh ohj ls gks ugha ldrkA
vosQys rqEgha ,sls gks] ftlosQ fy, nzks.k osQ
cuk, bl O;wg dks rksM+uk laHko gSA rqe nzks.k
dh lsuk ij vkØe.k djus dks rS;kj gks\¸
;g lqudj vfHkeU;q cksykµ¶egkjkt] bl
pØO;wg esa izos'k djuk rks eq>s vkrk gS] ij
izos'k djus osQ ckn dgha dksbZ ladV vk x;k
rks O;wg ls ckgj fudyuk eq>s ;kn ugha gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶csVk! O;wg dks rksM+dj ,d
ckj rqe Hkhrj izos'k dj yks_ fiQj rks ftèkj ls
rqe vkxs c<+ksxs] mèkj ls gh ge rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs
pys vk,¡xs vkSj rqEgkjh enn dks rS;kj jgsaxsA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckrksa dk leFkZu djrs gq,
Hkhelsu us dgkµ¶rqEgkjs Bhd ihNs&ihNs eSa
pyw¡xkA èk`"V|qEu] lkR;fd vkfn ohj Hkh
viuh&viuh lsukvksa osQ lkFk rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
Rationalised 2023-24
80 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 79
vfHkeU;q
34
rsjgosaa fnu Hkh la'kIrdkssa (f=kxrks±) us vtqZu dks
;q¼ osQ fy, yydkjkA vtqZu Hkh pqukSrh Lohdkj
djosQ muosQ lkFk yM+rk gqvk nf{k.k fn'kk dh
vksj pykA fu;r LFkku ij igq¡pus ij vtqZu vkSj
la'kIrdksa osQ chp ?kksj laxzke fNM+ x;kA vtqZu
osQ nf{k.k dh vksj pys tkus osQ ckn nzks.kkpk;Z us
pozQO;wg dh jpuk dh vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj ij èkkok
cksy fn;kA ;qfèkf"Bj dh vksj ls Hkhe] lkR;fd]
psfdrku] èk`"V|qEu] oqaQfrHkkst] mÙkekStk] fojkVjkt]
ohj oSQosQ; vkfn fdrus gh lqfo[;kr egkjfFk;ksa
us nzks.kkpk;Z osQ vkØe.k dh ck<+ dks jksdus dh
th&rksM+ dksf'k'k dhA fiQj Hkh nzks.k dk osx
muosQ jksosQ ugha #dkA ;g ns[kdj lHkh egkjFkh
¯prk esa iM+ x,A lqHknzk dk iq=k vfHkeU;q vHkh
ckyd gh FkkA fiQj Hkh viuh j.koqQ'kyrk vkSj
'kwjrk osQ fy, og bruk vfèkd izfl¼ gks pqdk
Fkk fd yksx mldks o`Q".k ,oa vtqZu dh lerk
djusokyk le>rs FksA
;qfèkf"Bj us bl ohj ckyd dks cqykdj
dgkµ¶csVk! nzks.k osQ jps gq, pØO;wg dks
rksM+uk gekjs vkSj fdlh ohj ls gks ugha ldrkA
vosQys rqEgha ,sls gks] ftlosQ fy, nzks.k osQ
cuk, bl O;wg dks rksM+uk laHko gSA rqe nzks.k
dh lsuk ij vkØe.k djus dks rS;kj gks\¸
;g lqudj vfHkeU;q cksykµ¶egkjkt] bl
pØO;wg esa izos'k djuk rks eq>s vkrk gS] ij
izos'k djus osQ ckn dgha dksbZ ladV vk x;k
rks O;wg ls ckgj fudyuk eq>s ;kn ugha gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶csVk! O;wg dks rksM+dj ,d
ckj rqe Hkhrj izos'k dj yks_ fiQj rks ftèkj ls
rqe vkxs c<+ksxs] mèkj ls gh ge rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs
pys vk,¡xs vkSj rqEgkjh enn dks rS;kj jgsaxsA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckrksa dk leFkZu djrs gq,
Hkhelsu us dgkµ¶rqEgkjs Bhd ihNs&ihNs eSa
pyw¡xkA èk`"V|qEu] lkR;fd vkfn ohj Hkh
viuh&viuh lsukvksa osQ lkFk rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
Rationalised 2023-24
80 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 81
djsaxsA ,d ckj rqeus O;wg dks rksM+ fn;k] rks
fiQj ;g fuf'pr le>uk fd ge lc dkSjo&lsuk
dks rgl&ugl dj MkysaxsA¸
;g lc lqudj ckyd vfHkeU;q dks vius
ekek Jho`Q".k vkSj firk vtqZu dh ohjrk dk
Lej.k gks vk;kA cM+s mRlkg osQ lkFk og
cksykµ¶eSa viuh ohjrk vkSj ijkØe ls ekek
Jho`Q".k vkSj firk th dks vo'; izlUu
d:¡xkA¸
¶lqfe=k! og ns[kks! nzks.kkpk;Z osQ jFk dh
èotkA mlh vksj jFk pykvks] tYnh djksA¸
vius lkjFkh dks mRlkfgr djrs gq, vfHkeU;q us
dgk vkSj lkjFkh us Hkh mlh vksj jFk pyk;kA
vfHkeU;q dh vkKk ekudj lkjFkh us mèkj
jFk c<+k fn;kA dkSjo&lsuk esa gypy ep
xbZµ¶vjs vfHkeU;q vk;k vkSj mlosQ ihNs&ihNs
ikaMo ohj Hkh pys vk jgs gSaA¸
nzks.kkpk;Z osQ ns[krs&ns[krs mudk cuk;k
gqvk O;wg VwV x;k vkSj vfHkeU;q O;wg osQ
vanj nkf[ky gks x;kA dkSjo&ohj ,d&,d
djosQ vfHkeU;q dk lkeuk djus vkrs x, vkSj
bl izdkj owQp djrs x, fd tSls vkx esa
iM+dj iraxs HkLe gks tkrs gSaA tks Hkh lkeus
vk;k] ml ckyohj osQ ck.kksa dh ekj ls ekjk
x;kA tSlk fd igys r; gqvk Fkk] ikaMoksa dh
lsuk vfHkeU;q osQ ihNs&ihNs pyh vkSj tgk¡ ls
O;wg rksM+dj vfHkeU;q vanj ?kqlk Fkk] ogha ls
O;wg osQ vanj izos'k djus yxhA ;g ns[kdj
¯lèkq ns'k dk ijkØeh jktk t;nzFk] tks èk`rjk"Vª
dk nkekn Fkk] viuh lsuk dks ysdj ikaMo&lsuk
ij VwV iM+kA t;nzFk us ,slh oqQ'kyrk vkSj
cgknqjh ls Bhd le; ij O;wg dh VwVh gqbZ
fdyscanh dks fiQj ls iwjk djosQ e”kcwr cuk
fn;k fd ftlls ikaMo ckgj gh jg x,A
vfHkeU;q O;wg osQ vanj vosQyk jg x;k] ijarq
vosQys vfHkeU;q us O;wg osQ vanj gh dkSjoksa
dh ml fo'kky lsuk dks rgl&ugl djuk
'kq: dj fn;kA tks Hkh mlosQ lkeus vkrk]
[kRe gks tkrk FkkA nq;ksZèku dk iq=k y{e.k vHkh
ckyd Fkk] ijarq mlesa ohjrk dh vkHkk iwQV
jgh FkhA mldks Hk; Nw rd ugha x;k FkkA
vfHkeU;q dh ck.k&o"kkZ ls O;koqQy gksdj tc
lHkh ;ks¼k ihNs gVus yxs] rks ohj y{e.k
vosQyk tkdj vfHkeU;q ls fHkM+ x;kA og ohj
ckyd Hkkys dh pksV ls rRdky e`r gksdj fxj
iM+kA ;g ns[kdj dkSjo&lsuk vkrZ Loj esa
gkgkdkj dj mBhA
¶vfHkeU;q dk blh {k.k oèk djksA¸ nq;ksZèku
us fpYykdj dgk vkSj nzks.k] v'oRFkkek] o`gncy]
o`QroekZ vkfn Ng egkjfFk;ksa us vfHkeU;q dks
pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj fy;kA
nzks.k us d.kZ osQ ikl vkdj dgkµ¶bldk
dop Hksnk ugha tk ldrkA Bhd ls fu'kkuk
lkèkdj blosQ jFk osQ ?kksM+ksa dh jkl dkV Mkyks
vkSj ihNs dh vksj ls bl ij vL=k pykvksA¸
d.kZ us ;gh fd;kA ihNs dh vksj ls ck.k
pyk, x,A vfHkeU;q dk èkuq"k dV x;kA ?kksM+s
vkSj lkjFkh ekjs x,A og jFkfoghu gks x;kA
rqjar gh vfHkeU;q us VwVs gq, jFk dk ifg;k gkFk
esa mBk fy;k vkSj mls ?kqekus yxkA bl le;
vfHkeU;q Hk;kud ;q¼ dj jgk FkkA ;g ns[kdj
lkjh lsuk ,d lkFk ml ij VwV iM+hA mlosQ
gkFk dk ifg;k pwj&pwj gks x;kA blh chp
nq%'kklu dk iq=k xnk ysdj vfHkeU;q ij
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 4


cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 79
vfHkeU;q
34
rsjgosaa fnu Hkh la'kIrdkssa (f=kxrks±) us vtqZu dks
;q¼ osQ fy, yydkjkA vtqZu Hkh pqukSrh Lohdkj
djosQ muosQ lkFk yM+rk gqvk nf{k.k fn'kk dh
vksj pykA fu;r LFkku ij igq¡pus ij vtqZu vkSj
la'kIrdksa osQ chp ?kksj laxzke fNM+ x;kA vtqZu
osQ nf{k.k dh vksj pys tkus osQ ckn nzks.kkpk;Z us
pozQO;wg dh jpuk dh vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj ij èkkok
cksy fn;kA ;qfèkf"Bj dh vksj ls Hkhe] lkR;fd]
psfdrku] èk`"V|qEu] oqaQfrHkkst] mÙkekStk] fojkVjkt]
ohj oSQosQ; vkfn fdrus gh lqfo[;kr egkjfFk;ksa
us nzks.kkpk;Z osQ vkØe.k dh ck<+ dks jksdus dh
th&rksM+ dksf'k'k dhA fiQj Hkh nzks.k dk osx
muosQ jksosQ ugha #dkA ;g ns[kdj lHkh egkjFkh
¯prk esa iM+ x,A lqHknzk dk iq=k vfHkeU;q vHkh
ckyd gh FkkA fiQj Hkh viuh j.koqQ'kyrk vkSj
'kwjrk osQ fy, og bruk vfèkd izfl¼ gks pqdk
Fkk fd yksx mldks o`Q".k ,oa vtqZu dh lerk
djusokyk le>rs FksA
;qfèkf"Bj us bl ohj ckyd dks cqykdj
dgkµ¶csVk! nzks.k osQ jps gq, pØO;wg dks
rksM+uk gekjs vkSj fdlh ohj ls gks ugha ldrkA
vosQys rqEgha ,sls gks] ftlosQ fy, nzks.k osQ
cuk, bl O;wg dks rksM+uk laHko gSA rqe nzks.k
dh lsuk ij vkØe.k djus dks rS;kj gks\¸
;g lqudj vfHkeU;q cksykµ¶egkjkt] bl
pØO;wg esa izos'k djuk rks eq>s vkrk gS] ij
izos'k djus osQ ckn dgha dksbZ ladV vk x;k
rks O;wg ls ckgj fudyuk eq>s ;kn ugha gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶csVk! O;wg dks rksM+dj ,d
ckj rqe Hkhrj izos'k dj yks_ fiQj rks ftèkj ls
rqe vkxs c<+ksxs] mèkj ls gh ge rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs
pys vk,¡xs vkSj rqEgkjh enn dks rS;kj jgsaxsA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckrksa dk leFkZu djrs gq,
Hkhelsu us dgkµ¶rqEgkjs Bhd ihNs&ihNs eSa
pyw¡xkA èk`"V|qEu] lkR;fd vkfn ohj Hkh
viuh&viuh lsukvksa osQ lkFk rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
Rationalised 2023-24
80 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 81
djsaxsA ,d ckj rqeus O;wg dks rksM+ fn;k] rks
fiQj ;g fuf'pr le>uk fd ge lc dkSjo&lsuk
dks rgl&ugl dj MkysaxsA¸
;g lc lqudj ckyd vfHkeU;q dks vius
ekek Jho`Q".k vkSj firk vtqZu dh ohjrk dk
Lej.k gks vk;kA cM+s mRlkg osQ lkFk og
cksykµ¶eSa viuh ohjrk vkSj ijkØe ls ekek
Jho`Q".k vkSj firk th dks vo'; izlUu
d:¡xkA¸
¶lqfe=k! og ns[kks! nzks.kkpk;Z osQ jFk dh
èotkA mlh vksj jFk pykvks] tYnh djksA¸
vius lkjFkh dks mRlkfgr djrs gq, vfHkeU;q us
dgk vkSj lkjFkh us Hkh mlh vksj jFk pyk;kA
vfHkeU;q dh vkKk ekudj lkjFkh us mèkj
jFk c<+k fn;kA dkSjo&lsuk esa gypy ep
xbZµ¶vjs vfHkeU;q vk;k vkSj mlosQ ihNs&ihNs
ikaMo ohj Hkh pys vk jgs gSaA¸
nzks.kkpk;Z osQ ns[krs&ns[krs mudk cuk;k
gqvk O;wg VwV x;k vkSj vfHkeU;q O;wg osQ
vanj nkf[ky gks x;kA dkSjo&ohj ,d&,d
djosQ vfHkeU;q dk lkeuk djus vkrs x, vkSj
bl izdkj owQp djrs x, fd tSls vkx esa
iM+dj iraxs HkLe gks tkrs gSaA tks Hkh lkeus
vk;k] ml ckyohj osQ ck.kksa dh ekj ls ekjk
x;kA tSlk fd igys r; gqvk Fkk] ikaMoksa dh
lsuk vfHkeU;q osQ ihNs&ihNs pyh vkSj tgk¡ ls
O;wg rksM+dj vfHkeU;q vanj ?kqlk Fkk] ogha ls
O;wg osQ vanj izos'k djus yxhA ;g ns[kdj
¯lèkq ns'k dk ijkØeh jktk t;nzFk] tks èk`rjk"Vª
dk nkekn Fkk] viuh lsuk dks ysdj ikaMo&lsuk
ij VwV iM+kA t;nzFk us ,slh oqQ'kyrk vkSj
cgknqjh ls Bhd le; ij O;wg dh VwVh gqbZ
fdyscanh dks fiQj ls iwjk djosQ e”kcwr cuk
fn;k fd ftlls ikaMo ckgj gh jg x,A
vfHkeU;q O;wg osQ vanj vosQyk jg x;k] ijarq
vosQys vfHkeU;q us O;wg osQ vanj gh dkSjoksa
dh ml fo'kky lsuk dks rgl&ugl djuk
'kq: dj fn;kA tks Hkh mlosQ lkeus vkrk]
[kRe gks tkrk FkkA nq;ksZèku dk iq=k y{e.k vHkh
ckyd Fkk] ijarq mlesa ohjrk dh vkHkk iwQV
jgh FkhA mldks Hk; Nw rd ugha x;k FkkA
vfHkeU;q dh ck.k&o"kkZ ls O;koqQy gksdj tc
lHkh ;ks¼k ihNs gVus yxs] rks ohj y{e.k
vosQyk tkdj vfHkeU;q ls fHkM+ x;kA og ohj
ckyd Hkkys dh pksV ls rRdky e`r gksdj fxj
iM+kA ;g ns[kdj dkSjo&lsuk vkrZ Loj esa
gkgkdkj dj mBhA
¶vfHkeU;q dk blh {k.k oèk djksA¸ nq;ksZèku
us fpYykdj dgk vkSj nzks.k] v'oRFkkek] o`gncy]
o`QroekZ vkfn Ng egkjfFk;ksa us vfHkeU;q dks
pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj fy;kA
nzks.k us d.kZ osQ ikl vkdj dgkµ¶bldk
dop Hksnk ugha tk ldrkA Bhd ls fu'kkuk
lkèkdj blosQ jFk osQ ?kksM+ksa dh jkl dkV Mkyks
vkSj ihNs dh vksj ls bl ij vL=k pykvksA¸
d.kZ us ;gh fd;kA ihNs dh vksj ls ck.k
pyk, x,A vfHkeU;q dk èkuq"k dV x;kA ?kksM+s
vkSj lkjFkh ekjs x,A og jFkfoghu gks x;kA
rqjar gh vfHkeU;q us VwVs gq, jFk dk ifg;k gkFk
esa mBk fy;k vkSj mls ?kqekus yxkA bl le;
vfHkeU;q Hk;kud ;q¼ dj jgk FkkA ;g ns[kdj
lkjh lsuk ,d lkFk ml ij VwV iM+hA mlosQ
gkFk dk ifg;k pwj&pwj gks x;kA blh chp
nq%'kklu dk iq=k xnk ysdj vfHkeU;q ij
Rationalised 2023-24
82 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
>iVkA bl ij vfHkeU;q us Hkh ifg;k isaQddj
xnk mBk yh vkSj nksuksa vkil esa fHkM+ x,A
nksuksa esa ?kksj ;q¼ fNM+ x;kA ,d&nwljs ij xnk
dk Hkh"k.k okj djrs gq, nksuksa gh jktoqQekj
vkgr gksdj fxj iM+sA nksuksa gh gM+cM+kdj
mBus yxsA nq%'kklu dk iq=k ”kjk igys mB
[kM+k gqvkA vfHkeU;q vHkh mB gh jgk Fkk fd
nq%'kklu osQ iq=k us mlosQ flj ij ”kksj ls
xnk&izgkj fd;kA ;ksa Hkh vfHkeU;q vc db;ksa
ls vosQyk yM+rs gq, ?kk;y gks pqdk Fkk vkSj
Fkddj pwj gks jgk FkkA xnk dh ekj iM+rs gh
mlosQ izk.k&i[ks: mM+ x,A
la'kIrdksa (f=kxrks±) dk lagkj djus osQ ckn
;q¼ lekIr djosQ vtZqu vkSj Jh o`Q".k vius
f'kfoj dks ykSV jgs FksA vtqZu Jho`Q".k ls
cksykµ¶tuknZu! esjk eu ?kcjk;k gqvk gSA eSa
Hkzkar&lk gks jgk gw¡\ lc HkkbZ oqQ'ky ls rks
gksaxs\ vkt vfHkeU;q vius Hkkb;ksa osQ lkFk
g¡lrk gqvk esjk Lokxr djus D;ksa ugha nkSM+k vk
jgk gS\¸ ,slh gh ckrsa djrs gq, nksuksa f'kfoj
osQ vanj igq¡psA
fdlh osQ oqQN u dgus ij Hkh vtqZu us
ifjfLFkfr ns[kdj vius vki gh lc ckrsa rkM+
yha vkSj rc mlls jgk ugha x;kA lc oqQN
tku tkus ij og cqjh rjg ls fcy[kus yxkA
Jho`Q".k dh ckrsa lqudj vtqZu oqQN 'kkar
gqvkA mlus vius bl ohj iq=k dh e`R;q dk
lkjk gky tkuuk pkgkA mlosQ iwNus ij ;qfèkf"Bj
cksysµ¶eSaus gh vfHkeU;q ls dgk Fkk fd pØO;wg
dks rksM+dj Hkhrj izos'k djus dk gekjs fy,
jkLrk cuk nks] rks ge lc rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
djrs gq, O;wg esa izos'k dj ysaxsA esjh ckr
ekudj ohj vfHkeU;q bl vHks| O;wg dks
rksM+dj vanj ?kql x;kA ge Hkh mlh osQ
ihNs&ihNs pysA ge vanj ?kqlus gh okys Fks fd
ikih t;nzFk us gesa jksd fy;kA mlus cM+h
prqjrk ls VwVs gq, O;wg dks fiQj ls Bhd dj
fn;kA gekjs yk[k iz;Ru djus ij Hkh t;nzFk us
gesa izos'k djus ugha fn;kA blosQ ckn ge rks
ckgj jgs vkSj vanj dbZ egkjfFk;ksa us ,d lkFk
feydj ml vosQys ckyd dks ?ksj fy;k vkSj
ekj MkykA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckr iwjh Hkh u gks ikbZ Fkh fd
vtqZu vkrZ Loj esa ¶gk csVk!¸ dgdj ew£PNr
gksdj fxj iM+kA psr vkus ij og mBk vkSj
n`<+rkiwoZd cksykµ¶ftlosQ dkj.k esjs fiz; iq=k
dh e`R;q gqbZ gS] ml t;nzFk dk eSa dy lw;kZLr
gksus ls igys oèk djosQ jgw¡xkA ;g esjh izfrKk
gSA¸ ;g dgdj vtqZu us xkaMho ij ”kksj ls
Vadkj dhA
¯lèkq ns'k osQ lqizfl¼ jktk o`¼{k=k osQ iq=k
t;nzFk dks tc vtqZu dh izfrKk dk gky
ekywe gqvk] rks og nq;ksZèku osQ ikl x;k vkSj
cksykµ¶eq>s ;q¼ dh pkg ugha gSA eSa vius ns'k
pyk tkuk pkgrk gw¡A¸ ;g lqudj nq;ksZèku us
mldks èkhjt c¡èkk;k vkSj cksykµ¶lSaèko! vki
Hk; u djsaA esjh lkjh lsuk vkidh j{kk djus
osQ fy, fu;qDr dh tk,xh] vki fu%'kad jgsaA¸
nq;ksZèku osQ bl izdkj vkxzg djus ij t;nzFk
us mldh ckr eku yhA
losjk gqvkA 'kL=kèkkfj;ksa esa Js"B vkpk;Z
nzks.k us lsuk dh O;oLFkk djus esa è;ku fn;kA
;q¼ osQ eSnku ls ckjg ehy dh nwjh ij
t;nzFk dks viuh lsuk ,oa j{kdksa osQ lkFk j[kk
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 5


cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 79
vfHkeU;q
34
rsjgosaa fnu Hkh la'kIrdkssa (f=kxrks±) us vtqZu dks
;q¼ osQ fy, yydkjkA vtqZu Hkh pqukSrh Lohdkj
djosQ muosQ lkFk yM+rk gqvk nf{k.k fn'kk dh
vksj pykA fu;r LFkku ij igq¡pus ij vtqZu vkSj
la'kIrdksa osQ chp ?kksj laxzke fNM+ x;kA vtqZu
osQ nf{k.k dh vksj pys tkus osQ ckn nzks.kkpk;Z us
pozQO;wg dh jpuk dh vkSj ;qfèkf"Bj ij èkkok
cksy fn;kA ;qfèkf"Bj dh vksj ls Hkhe] lkR;fd]
psfdrku] èk`"V|qEu] oqaQfrHkkst] mÙkekStk] fojkVjkt]
ohj oSQosQ; vkfn fdrus gh lqfo[;kr egkjfFk;ksa
us nzks.kkpk;Z osQ vkØe.k dh ck<+ dks jksdus dh
th&rksM+ dksf'k'k dhA fiQj Hkh nzks.k dk osx
muosQ jksosQ ugha #dkA ;g ns[kdj lHkh egkjFkh
¯prk esa iM+ x,A lqHknzk dk iq=k vfHkeU;q vHkh
ckyd gh FkkA fiQj Hkh viuh j.koqQ'kyrk vkSj
'kwjrk osQ fy, og bruk vfèkd izfl¼ gks pqdk
Fkk fd yksx mldks o`Q".k ,oa vtqZu dh lerk
djusokyk le>rs FksA
;qfèkf"Bj us bl ohj ckyd dks cqykdj
dgkµ¶csVk! nzks.k osQ jps gq, pØO;wg dks
rksM+uk gekjs vkSj fdlh ohj ls gks ugha ldrkA
vosQys rqEgha ,sls gks] ftlosQ fy, nzks.k osQ
cuk, bl O;wg dks rksM+uk laHko gSA rqe nzks.k
dh lsuk ij vkØe.k djus dks rS;kj gks\¸
;g lqudj vfHkeU;q cksykµ¶egkjkt] bl
pØO;wg esa izos'k djuk rks eq>s vkrk gS] ij
izos'k djus osQ ckn dgha dksbZ ladV vk x;k
rks O;wg ls ckgj fudyuk eq>s ;kn ugha gSA¸
;qfèkf"Bj us dgkµ¶csVk! O;wg dks rksM+dj ,d
ckj rqe Hkhrj izos'k dj yks_ fiQj rks ftèkj ls
rqe vkxs c<+ksxs] mèkj ls gh ge rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs
pys vk,¡xs vkSj rqEgkjh enn dks rS;kj jgsaxsA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckrksa dk leFkZu djrs gq,
Hkhelsu us dgkµ¶rqEgkjs Bhd ihNs&ihNs eSa
pyw¡xkA èk`"V|qEu] lkR;fd vkfn ohj Hkh
viuh&viuh lsukvksa osQ lkFk rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
Rationalised 2023-24
80 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 81
djsaxsA ,d ckj rqeus O;wg dks rksM+ fn;k] rks
fiQj ;g fuf'pr le>uk fd ge lc dkSjo&lsuk
dks rgl&ugl dj MkysaxsA¸
;g lc lqudj ckyd vfHkeU;q dks vius
ekek Jho`Q".k vkSj firk vtqZu dh ohjrk dk
Lej.k gks vk;kA cM+s mRlkg osQ lkFk og
cksykµ¶eSa viuh ohjrk vkSj ijkØe ls ekek
Jho`Q".k vkSj firk th dks vo'; izlUu
d:¡xkA¸
¶lqfe=k! og ns[kks! nzks.kkpk;Z osQ jFk dh
èotkA mlh vksj jFk pykvks] tYnh djksA¸
vius lkjFkh dks mRlkfgr djrs gq, vfHkeU;q us
dgk vkSj lkjFkh us Hkh mlh vksj jFk pyk;kA
vfHkeU;q dh vkKk ekudj lkjFkh us mèkj
jFk c<+k fn;kA dkSjo&lsuk esa gypy ep
xbZµ¶vjs vfHkeU;q vk;k vkSj mlosQ ihNs&ihNs
ikaMo ohj Hkh pys vk jgs gSaA¸
nzks.kkpk;Z osQ ns[krs&ns[krs mudk cuk;k
gqvk O;wg VwV x;k vkSj vfHkeU;q O;wg osQ
vanj nkf[ky gks x;kA dkSjo&ohj ,d&,d
djosQ vfHkeU;q dk lkeuk djus vkrs x, vkSj
bl izdkj owQp djrs x, fd tSls vkx esa
iM+dj iraxs HkLe gks tkrs gSaA tks Hkh lkeus
vk;k] ml ckyohj osQ ck.kksa dh ekj ls ekjk
x;kA tSlk fd igys r; gqvk Fkk] ikaMoksa dh
lsuk vfHkeU;q osQ ihNs&ihNs pyh vkSj tgk¡ ls
O;wg rksM+dj vfHkeU;q vanj ?kqlk Fkk] ogha ls
O;wg osQ vanj izos'k djus yxhA ;g ns[kdj
¯lèkq ns'k dk ijkØeh jktk t;nzFk] tks èk`rjk"Vª
dk nkekn Fkk] viuh lsuk dks ysdj ikaMo&lsuk
ij VwV iM+kA t;nzFk us ,slh oqQ'kyrk vkSj
cgknqjh ls Bhd le; ij O;wg dh VwVh gqbZ
fdyscanh dks fiQj ls iwjk djosQ e”kcwr cuk
fn;k fd ftlls ikaMo ckgj gh jg x,A
vfHkeU;q O;wg osQ vanj vosQyk jg x;k] ijarq
vosQys vfHkeU;q us O;wg osQ vanj gh dkSjoksa
dh ml fo'kky lsuk dks rgl&ugl djuk
'kq: dj fn;kA tks Hkh mlosQ lkeus vkrk]
[kRe gks tkrk FkkA nq;ksZèku dk iq=k y{e.k vHkh
ckyd Fkk] ijarq mlesa ohjrk dh vkHkk iwQV
jgh FkhA mldks Hk; Nw rd ugha x;k FkkA
vfHkeU;q dh ck.k&o"kkZ ls O;koqQy gksdj tc
lHkh ;ks¼k ihNs gVus yxs] rks ohj y{e.k
vosQyk tkdj vfHkeU;q ls fHkM+ x;kA og ohj
ckyd Hkkys dh pksV ls rRdky e`r gksdj fxj
iM+kA ;g ns[kdj dkSjo&lsuk vkrZ Loj esa
gkgkdkj dj mBhA
¶vfHkeU;q dk blh {k.k oèk djksA¸ nq;ksZèku
us fpYykdj dgk vkSj nzks.k] v'oRFkkek] o`gncy]
o`QroekZ vkfn Ng egkjfFk;ksa us vfHkeU;q dks
pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj fy;kA
nzks.k us d.kZ osQ ikl vkdj dgkµ¶bldk
dop Hksnk ugha tk ldrkA Bhd ls fu'kkuk
lkèkdj blosQ jFk osQ ?kksM+ksa dh jkl dkV Mkyks
vkSj ihNs dh vksj ls bl ij vL=k pykvksA¸
d.kZ us ;gh fd;kA ihNs dh vksj ls ck.k
pyk, x,A vfHkeU;q dk èkuq"k dV x;kA ?kksM+s
vkSj lkjFkh ekjs x,A og jFkfoghu gks x;kA
rqjar gh vfHkeU;q us VwVs gq, jFk dk ifg;k gkFk
esa mBk fy;k vkSj mls ?kqekus yxkA bl le;
vfHkeU;q Hk;kud ;q¼ dj jgk FkkA ;g ns[kdj
lkjh lsuk ,d lkFk ml ij VwV iM+hA mlosQ
gkFk dk ifg;k pwj&pwj gks x;kA blh chp
nq%'kklu dk iq=k xnk ysdj vfHkeU;q ij
Rationalised 2023-24
82 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
>iVkA bl ij vfHkeU;q us Hkh ifg;k isaQddj
xnk mBk yh vkSj nksuksa vkil esa fHkM+ x,A
nksuksa esa ?kksj ;q¼ fNM+ x;kA ,d&nwljs ij xnk
dk Hkh"k.k okj djrs gq, nksuksa gh jktoqQekj
vkgr gksdj fxj iM+sA nksuksa gh gM+cM+kdj
mBus yxsA nq%'kklu dk iq=k ”kjk igys mB
[kM+k gqvkA vfHkeU;q vHkh mB gh jgk Fkk fd
nq%'kklu osQ iq=k us mlosQ flj ij ”kksj ls
xnk&izgkj fd;kA ;ksa Hkh vfHkeU;q vc db;ksa
ls vosQyk yM+rs gq, ?kk;y gks pqdk Fkk vkSj
Fkddj pwj gks jgk FkkA xnk dh ekj iM+rs gh
mlosQ izk.k&i[ks: mM+ x,A
la'kIrdksa (f=kxrks±) dk lagkj djus osQ ckn
;q¼ lekIr djosQ vtZqu vkSj Jh o`Q".k vius
f'kfoj dks ykSV jgs FksA vtqZu Jho`Q".k ls
cksykµ¶tuknZu! esjk eu ?kcjk;k gqvk gSA eSa
Hkzkar&lk gks jgk gw¡\ lc HkkbZ oqQ'ky ls rks
gksaxs\ vkt vfHkeU;q vius Hkkb;ksa osQ lkFk
g¡lrk gqvk esjk Lokxr djus D;ksa ugha nkSM+k vk
jgk gS\¸ ,slh gh ckrsa djrs gq, nksuksa f'kfoj
osQ vanj igq¡psA
fdlh osQ oqQN u dgus ij Hkh vtqZu us
ifjfLFkfr ns[kdj vius vki gh lc ckrsa rkM+
yha vkSj rc mlls jgk ugha x;kA lc oqQN
tku tkus ij og cqjh rjg ls fcy[kus yxkA
Jho`Q".k dh ckrsa lqudj vtqZu oqQN 'kkar
gqvkA mlus vius bl ohj iq=k dh e`R;q dk
lkjk gky tkuuk pkgkA mlosQ iwNus ij ;qfèkf"Bj
cksysµ¶eSaus gh vfHkeU;q ls dgk Fkk fd pØO;wg
dks rksM+dj Hkhrj izos'k djus dk gekjs fy,
jkLrk cuk nks] rks ge lc rqEgkjk vuqdj.k
djrs gq, O;wg esa izos'k dj ysaxsA esjh ckr
ekudj ohj vfHkeU;q bl vHks| O;wg dks
rksM+dj vanj ?kql x;kA ge Hkh mlh osQ
ihNs&ihNs pysA ge vanj ?kqlus gh okys Fks fd
ikih t;nzFk us gesa jksd fy;kA mlus cM+h
prqjrk ls VwVs gq, O;wg dks fiQj ls Bhd dj
fn;kA gekjs yk[k iz;Ru djus ij Hkh t;nzFk us
gesa izos'k djus ugha fn;kA blosQ ckn ge rks
ckgj jgs vkSj vanj dbZ egkjfFk;ksa us ,d lkFk
feydj ml vosQys ckyd dks ?ksj fy;k vkSj
ekj MkykA¸
;qfèkf"Bj dh ckr iwjh Hkh u gks ikbZ Fkh fd
vtqZu vkrZ Loj esa ¶gk csVk!¸ dgdj ew£PNr
gksdj fxj iM+kA psr vkus ij og mBk vkSj
n`<+rkiwoZd cksykµ¶ftlosQ dkj.k esjs fiz; iq=k
dh e`R;q gqbZ gS] ml t;nzFk dk eSa dy lw;kZLr
gksus ls igys oèk djosQ jgw¡xkA ;g esjh izfrKk
gSA¸ ;g dgdj vtqZu us xkaMho ij ”kksj ls
Vadkj dhA
¯lèkq ns'k osQ lqizfl¼ jktk o`¼{k=k osQ iq=k
t;nzFk dks tc vtqZu dh izfrKk dk gky
ekywe gqvk] rks og nq;ksZèku osQ ikl x;k vkSj
cksykµ¶eq>s ;q¼ dh pkg ugha gSA eSa vius ns'k
pyk tkuk pkgrk gw¡A¸ ;g lqudj nq;ksZèku us
mldks èkhjt c¡èkk;k vkSj cksykµ¶lSaèko! vki
Hk; u djsaA esjh lkjh lsuk vkidh j{kk djus
osQ fy, fu;qDr dh tk,xh] vki fu%'kad jgsaA¸
nq;ksZèku osQ bl izdkj vkxzg djus ij t;nzFk
us mldh ckr eku yhA
losjk gqvkA 'kL=kèkkfj;ksa esa Js"B vkpk;Z
nzks.k us lsuk dh O;oLFkk djus esa è;ku fn;kA
;q¼ osQ eSnku ls ckjg ehy dh nwjh ij
t;nzFk dks viuh lsuk ,oa j{kdksa osQ lkFk j[kk
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 83
x;kA mldh j{kk osQ fy, HkwfjJok] d.kZ]
v'oRFkkek] 'kY;] o`"klsu vkfn egkjFkh viuh
lsukvksa osQ lkFk lqlfTtr gksdj rS;kj [kM+s FksA
vtqZu igys Hkkstksa dh lsuk ij VwV iM+kA
o`QroekZ vkSj lqnf{k.k ij ,d gh lkFk geyk
djosQ o mudks ijkLr djosQ og Jqrk;qèk ij
VwV iM+kA ”kksjksa dh yM+kbZ fNM+ xbZA Jqrk;qèk osQ
?kksM+s ekjs x,A bl ij mlus xnk mBkdj
Jho`Q".k ij izgkj fd;kA ijarq fu%'kL=k vkSj
;q¼ esa 'kjhd u gksusokys Jho`Q".k ij isaQddj
ekjh xbZ xnk Jqrk;qèk dks gh tk yxh vkSj
Jqrk;qèk e`r gksdj fxj iM+kA bl ij dkaHkkstjkt
lqnf{k.k us vtqZu ij ”kksjksa dk geyk dj fn;kA
¯drq vtqZu us ml ij ck.kksa dh ,slh o"kkZ dh
fd mldk jFk pwj&pwj gks x;kA mlosQ dop
osQ VqdMs&VqdM+s gks x, vkSj Nkrh ij ck.k
yxus ls dkaHkkstjkt gkFk iSQykrk gqvk èkM+ke ls
fxj iM+kA
bl izdkj viuk xkaMho gkFk esa fy, gq,
vla[; ohjksa dk dke reke djrk gqvk vtqZu
vkxs c<+rk x;k vkSj dkSjo&lsuk osQ leqnz dks
phjrk gqvk var esa ml txg ij tk igq¡pk]
tgk¡ t;nzFk viuh lsuk ls f?kjk gqvk [kM+k FkkA
vtZqu dk jFk t;nzFk dh vksj tkrs gq, ns[kdj
nq;ksZèku ¯pfrr vkSj nq[kh gqvkA
t;nzFk dh j{kk osQ fy, fu;qDr ohjksa us
tc ;g lquk] rks muosQ fny ,dckjxh ngy
mBs vkSj HkwfjJok] d.kZ] o`"klsu] 'kY;]
v'oRFkkek] t;nzFk vkfn vkBksa egkjFkh vtqZu
dk eqdkcyk djus dks rRij gks mBsA
Rationalised 2023-24
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