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DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Cell- The Unit of Life
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FAQs on DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Cell- The Unit of Life
| 1. What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and how are they different? |  |
Ans. Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, found in bacteria and archaea, while eukaryotic cells contain a true nucleus and specialised organelles like mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The key distinction is the presence or absence of a nuclear envelope, making eukaryotic cells structurally complex. Understanding this fundamental difference is essential for NEET preparation on cell structure and classification.
| 2. Why do plant cells have cell walls and animal cells don't? | |
Ans. Plant cells possess cell walls made of cellulose to provide structural rigidity, protection, and support for upright growth, whereas animal cells rely on flexible cell membranes for shape and function. The cell wall in plants prevents excessive water loss and maintains cell turgor pressure. This structural variation reflects different survival needs-plants are stationary while animals require mobility and flexibility in their cellular design.
| 3. What's the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and why does it matter? | |
Ans. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) has ribosomes attached to its surface and synthesises proteins, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes and produces lipids and carbohydrates. Cells requiring high protein production have abundant RER, whereas cells needing hormone or lipid synthesis feature more SER. This functional distinction is crucial for understanding cellular metabolism in NEET daily practice problems.
| 4. How do mitochondria produce energy, and what does ATP actually do in cells? | |
Ans. Mitochondria generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through aerobic respiration in the cristae, which serves as the cell's energy currency for all metabolic processes. ATP releases energy when phosphate bonds break, powering muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and active transport. Students preparing for exams should note that mitochondrial dysfunction directly impacts cellular efficiency and organism survival.
| 5. What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus, and how does it connect to the endoplasmic reticulum? | |
Ans. The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and sorts proteins and lipids received from rough endoplasmic reticulum through vesicular transport, then dispatches them to their destinations. This organelle acts as the cell's processing and distribution centre, essential for proper protein folding and secretion. Understanding the ER-Golgi pathway is vital for grasping cellular communication and transport mechanisms tested in NEET examinations.
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