NEET Exam > NEET Notes > Biology Class 11 > DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Breathing & Exchange of Gases
DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Breathing & Exchange of Gases
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FAQs on DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems, Ch: Breathing & Exchange of Gases
| 1. How do alveoli help in gas exchange during respiration? |  |
Ans. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide exits for exhalation. Their large surface area and thin walls enable rapid gas exchange between inhaled air and pulmonary capillaries. This efficient exchange of gases is crucial for cellular respiration and maintaining oxygen supply throughout the body.
| 2. What's the difference between breathing and cellular respiration for NEET? | |
Ans. Breathing is the physical process of inhaling and exhaling air involving the lungs and diaphragm, while cellular respiration is the biochemical process where cells produce energy from glucose using oxygen. Breathing supplies oxygen needed for aerobic respiration; they're complementary but distinct processes. Understanding this distinction is essential for NEET biology preparation.
| 3. Why does oxygen partial pressure decrease as air moves from the atmosphere to the alveoli? | |
Ans. Atmospheric oxygen partial pressure (about 159 mmHg) decreases during breathing because inhaled air mixes with residual air already in the lungs and becomes humidified by water vapour. This dilution reduces the partial pressure gradient of oxygen in alveolar air to approximately 100 mmHg, which still favours oxygen diffusion into blood capillaries surrounding the alveoli.
| 4. How does the diaphragm control inhalation and exhalation during normal breathing? | |
Ans. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, increasing thoracic cavity volume and reducing intrapulmonary pressure, allowing air to flow in. During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its dome shape, decreasing cavity volume and pushing air out. This mechanical process of ventilation ensures continuous gas exchange without conscious effort.
| 5. What factors affect the rate of diffusion of gases across the respiratory membrane? | |
Ans. Gas diffusion rate depends on the concentration gradient between alveolar air and blood, the thickness and surface area of the respiratory membrane, and solubility of gases in blood plasma. Oxygen dissolves poorly in blood but binds to haemoglobin, while carbon dioxide dissolves readily. These factors collectively determine how efficiently oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs during respiration.
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