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Binary number system: Bits and Bytes
Jy oti:	How	does	a	computer	store	music?
Moz: Computers store all data, like information, instructions, files, images, sound and  
video, as numbers. 
Jy oti:	 Is	 there	 some	 code	 to	 represent	 each	 letter	 in	 the	 alphabets?	 This	 will	 be	 necessary	 for	 saving	 a	 	
text document.
Moz: You are right. To represent an image, each pixel or the coloured dots needs to have a code. 
Jy oti:	Different	sounds	in	a	music	file	also	hav e	to	be	giv en	a	code.
Moz: Yes. All the data has to be converted to numbers in  binary form to be processed by the computer. 
The	 w ord	 binary	 means	 tw o.	 The	 binary	 form	 code	 is	 formed	 by	 using	 only	 tw o	 v alues	 ‘0’ 	 and	 ‘1’.	
This is called the binary number system, or the base-2 system. Each digit in a binary number is 
called a bit. A sequence of 8 bits is called byte.
T ejas:	Why		are	only	tw o	digits	used	to	form	the	code?	
Moz: The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement 
programs and data with current electronic technology. Bits can be implemented in many forms. In 
most modern computing devices, a bit is usually represented by an electrical voltage or current pulse, 
or	by	the	ON	-	OFF	state	of	a	switch	in	a	circuit.
Examples
Binary code Binary code names of Tejas  and Jyoti   
Alphabet Binary code
A 1000001
Z 1011010
Name Binary code
Tejas
 01010100  01100101  01101010  01100001  01110011
Jyoti
 01001010  01111001  01101111  01110100  01101001
Aim: In this lesson, you will learn:
- Binary number system, and its use in computers.
- Units	of	measurement	for	files	and	backup	devices.
6
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
00111
0011100111001110011100111001110011100111001
0111001
011001001001100
00110011100111
00110011100111
0011100111001110011100011100111001110011100
0100111000111001110011
01011
00110011100111
00110011100111
001001100110011001100110011001100110011100111000111001111000111001110011001100110011001111000110011001 10 0 10011001
0101001000101001001001110010010010011100101001001
0101001101011010111101101101011011010110110110110100101010011101010010011011010101
010101011011010110110101101101101101001010100111010100100110110101010110
0100101001010010010111010010101010010010010100100101010010
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
0 or 1
Bit Byte
1   0   1   0   0   0   1   0
Page 2


Binary number system: Bits and Bytes
Jy oti:	How	does	a	computer	store	music?
Moz: Computers store all data, like information, instructions, files, images, sound and  
video, as numbers. 
Jy oti:	 Is	 there	 some	 code	 to	 represent	 each	 letter	 in	 the	 alphabets?	 This	 will	 be	 necessary	 for	 saving	 a	 	
text document.
Moz: You are right. To represent an image, each pixel or the coloured dots needs to have a code. 
Jy oti:	Different	sounds	in	a	music	file	also	hav e	to	be	giv en	a	code.
Moz: Yes. All the data has to be converted to numbers in  binary form to be processed by the computer. 
The	 w ord	 binary	 means	 tw o.	 The	 binary	 form	 code	 is	 formed	 by	 using	 only	 tw o	 v alues	 ‘0’ 	 and	 ‘1’.	
This is called the binary number system, or the base-2 system. Each digit in a binary number is 
called a bit. A sequence of 8 bits is called byte.
T ejas:	Why		are	only	tw o	digits	used	to	form	the	code?	
Moz: The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement 
programs and data with current electronic technology. Bits can be implemented in many forms. In 
most modern computing devices, a bit is usually represented by an electrical voltage or current pulse, 
or	by	the	ON	-	OFF	state	of	a	switch	in	a	circuit.
Examples
Binary code Binary code names of Tejas  and Jyoti   
Alphabet Binary code
A 1000001
Z 1011010
Name Binary code
Tejas
 01010100  01100101  01101010  01100001  01110011
Jyoti
 01001010  01111001  01101111  01110100  01101001
Aim: In this lesson, you will learn:
- Binary number system, and its use in computers.
- Units	of	measurement	for	files	and	backup	devices.
6
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
00111
0011100111001110011100111001110011100111001
0111001
011001001001100
00110011100111
00110011100111
0011100111001110011100011100111001110011100
0100111000111001110011
01011
00110011100111
00110011100111
001001100110011001100110011001100110011100111000111001111000111001110011001100110011001111000110011001 10 0 10011001
0101001000101001001001110010010010011100101001001
0101001101011010111101101101011011010110110110110100101010011101010010011011010101
010101011011010110110101101101101101001010100111010100100110110101010110
0100101001010010010111010010101010010010010100100101010010
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
0 or 1
Bit Byte
1   0   1   0   0   0   1   0
Jy oti:	 ‘J’ 	 (01001010)	 and	 ‘j’ 	 (01101010)	 hav e	 different	 code	 to	 distinguish	 betw een	 the	 upper	 
case and lowercase.
T ejas:	Each	letter	has	a	length	of	8	bits,	or	1	byte.
Moz:	Right.	Note	that	bits are	abbreviated	by	‘b’ and bytes by	‘B’.
Jy oti:	Oh!	So	when	a	file	has	a	size	of	1	KB	then	it	means	the	file	has	1000	bytes	=	8000	bits.
Moz: there is a binary code for each character on your keyboard. You can also convert numbers from 
decimal to binary. For example, the number 10 in decimal is 00001010 in binary.
Explain what is binary number • 
system and state its purpose.
Convert words into binary code. • 
Distinguish between various units • 
for measurement of file size/
capacity of backup devices.
At the end of this lesson, you will 
be able to:
Binary	numbers
Concept
A	binary	number	is	formed	by	the	combination	of	‘0’	and	‘1’.
Bit
      
A	bit	is	the	smallest	unit	of	data	in	computer	processing.
Bit	is	derived	from	the	words	Binary	digIT. •	
A	bit	represents	a	digit	in	the	binary	system. •	
A	bit	can	only	have	the	value	0	or	1.	 •	
An	example:	1101	is	a	binary	number	4	bits	long. •	
Byte
A	Byte	is	a	group	of	8	bits.	
Bytes	are	the	standard	unit	of	storage	in	a	computer. •	
An	 example:	 10110111	 is	 a	 byte	 and	 can	 represen t	 data	 like	 text,	 pixels	 or	 sound	 •	
in	a	computer.
Units of measure:
A	 Kilob yte	 (KB)	 is	 usually	 used	 to	 denote	 1000	 bytes.	 Sometimes	 it	 is	 used	 to	 denote	 •	
2^10	 bytes	 or	 1024	 bytes.	 The	 term	 kibibyte	 (KiB)	 is	 sometimes	 used	 to	 denote	 strictly	
1024	bytes.	
A	Megabyte	(MB)	is	1000	kilobytes.	Sometimes	it	denotes	1024	KB. •	
A	Gigabyte	(GB)	is	1000	Megabytes. •	
A	terabyte	(TB)	is	1000	Gigabytes. •	
0			1
1			1			1			0			1			1			1			0
Binary
01
Conversion
A
1000001
KB
MB
GB
TB
Bytes
Units of 
measurement
Page 3


Binary number system: Bits and Bytes
Jy oti:	How	does	a	computer	store	music?
Moz: Computers store all data, like information, instructions, files, images, sound and  
video, as numbers. 
Jy oti:	 Is	 there	 some	 code	 to	 represent	 each	 letter	 in	 the	 alphabets?	 This	 will	 be	 necessary	 for	 saving	 a	 	
text document.
Moz: You are right. To represent an image, each pixel or the coloured dots needs to have a code. 
Jy oti:	Different	sounds	in	a	music	file	also	hav e	to	be	giv en	a	code.
Moz: Yes. All the data has to be converted to numbers in  binary form to be processed by the computer. 
The	 w ord	 binary	 means	 tw o.	 The	 binary	 form	 code	 is	 formed	 by	 using	 only	 tw o	 v alues	 ‘0’ 	 and	 ‘1’.	
This is called the binary number system, or the base-2 system. Each digit in a binary number is 
called a bit. A sequence of 8 bits is called byte.
T ejas:	Why		are	only	tw o	digits	used	to	form	the	code?	
Moz: The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement 
programs and data with current electronic technology. Bits can be implemented in many forms. In 
most modern computing devices, a bit is usually represented by an electrical voltage or current pulse, 
or	by	the	ON	-	OFF	state	of	a	switch	in	a	circuit.
Examples
Binary code Binary code names of Tejas  and Jyoti   
Alphabet Binary code
A 1000001
Z 1011010
Name Binary code
Tejas
 01010100  01100101  01101010  01100001  01110011
Jyoti
 01001010  01111001  01101111  01110100  01101001
Aim: In this lesson, you will learn:
- Binary number system, and its use in computers.
- Units	of	measurement	for	files	and	backup	devices.
6
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
00111
0011100111001110011100111001110011100111001
0111001
011001001001100
00110011100111
00110011100111
0011100111001110011100011100111001110011100
0100111000111001110011
01011
00110011100111
00110011100111
001001100110011001100110011001100110011100111000111001111000111001110011001100110011001111000110011001 10 0 10011001
0101001000101001001001110010010010011100101001001
0101001101011010111101101101011011010110110110110100101010011101010010011011010101
010101011011010110110101101101101101001010100111010100100110110101010110
0100101001010010010111010010101010010010010100100101010010
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
0 or 1
Bit Byte
1   0   1   0   0   0   1   0
Jy oti:	 ‘J’ 	 (01001010)	 and	 ‘j’ 	 (01101010)	 hav e	 different	 code	 to	 distinguish	 betw een	 the	 upper	 
case and lowercase.
T ejas:	Each	letter	has	a	length	of	8	bits,	or	1	byte.
Moz:	Right.	Note	that	bits are	abbreviated	by	‘b’ and bytes by	‘B’.
Jy oti:	Oh!	So	when	a	file	has	a	size	of	1	KB	then	it	means	the	file	has	1000	bytes	=	8000	bits.
Moz: there is a binary code for each character on your keyboard. You can also convert numbers from 
decimal to binary. For example, the number 10 in decimal is 00001010 in binary.
Explain what is binary number • 
system and state its purpose.
Convert words into binary code. • 
Distinguish between various units • 
for measurement of file size/
capacity of backup devices.
At the end of this lesson, you will 
be able to:
Binary	numbers
Concept
A	binary	number	is	formed	by	the	combination	of	‘0’	and	‘1’.
Bit
      
A	bit	is	the	smallest	unit	of	data	in	computer	processing.
Bit	is	derived	from	the	words	Binary	digIT. •	
A	bit	represents	a	digit	in	the	binary	system. •	
A	bit	can	only	have	the	value	0	or	1.	 •	
An	example:	1101	is	a	binary	number	4	bits	long. •	
Byte
A	Byte	is	a	group	of	8	bits.	
Bytes	are	the	standard	unit	of	storage	in	a	computer. •	
An	 example:	 10110111	 is	 a	 byte	 and	 can	 represen t	 data	 like	 text,	 pixels	 or	 sound	 •	
in	a	computer.
Units of measure:
A	 Kilob yte	 (KB)	 is	 usually	 used	 to	 denote	 1000	 bytes.	 Sometimes	 it	 is	 used	 to	 denote	 •	
2^10	 bytes	 or	 1024	 bytes.	 The	 term	 kibibyte	 (KiB)	 is	 sometimes	 used	 to	 denote	 strictly	
1024	bytes.	
A	Megabyte	(MB)	is	1000	kilobytes.	Sometimes	it	denotes	1024	KB. •	
A	Gigabyte	(GB)	is	1000	Megabytes. •	
A	terabyte	(TB)	is	1000	Gigabytes. •	
0			1
1			1			1			0			1			1			1			0
Binary
01
Conversion
A
1000001
KB
MB
GB
TB
Bytes
Units of 
measurement
WORKSHEETS
Level VIII    Lesson 
Fill in the blanks. 1. 
Match the following. 2. 
______________  and a. ______________ are digits in the binary system.
Binary numbers can represent data like b. ______________, ______________ and ______________  
in computers.
A Byte is a group of c. ______________ bits.
1. KB a. 1024 megabytes
2. Byte b. 1024  bytes
3. GB c. 1024 gigabytes
4. MB d. 1024 kilobytes
5. TB e. 8 bits
6
Each alphabet is one byte long, so how many bytes do you think the following sentence has? 3. 
“The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement them 
with current electronic technology.”
Write your name in binary code. Use the table given to find the code for each letter of your name. 4. 
Your Name:
__________________________
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
a 01100001 n 01101110 A 01000001 N 01001111
b 01100010 o 01101111 B 01000010 O 01010000
c 01100011 p 01110000 C 01000011 P 01010001
d 01100100 q 01110001 D 01000100 Q 01010010
e 01100101 r 01110010 E 01000101 R 01010011
f 01100110 s 01110011 F 01000110 S 01010100
g 01100111 t 01110100 G 01000111 T 01010101
h 01101000 u 01110101 H 01001000 U 01010110
i 01101001 v 01110110 I 01001001 V 01010111
j 01101010 w 01110111 J 01001010 W 01011000
k 01101011 x 01111000 K 01001011 X 01011001
l 01101100 y 01111001 L 01001100 Y 01011010
m 01101101 z 01111010 M 01001101 Z 01111010
Page 4


Binary number system: Bits and Bytes
Jy oti:	How	does	a	computer	store	music?
Moz: Computers store all data, like information, instructions, files, images, sound and  
video, as numbers. 
Jy oti:	 Is	 there	 some	 code	 to	 represent	 each	 letter	 in	 the	 alphabets?	 This	 will	 be	 necessary	 for	 saving	 a	 	
text document.
Moz: You are right. To represent an image, each pixel or the coloured dots needs to have a code. 
Jy oti:	Different	sounds	in	a	music	file	also	hav e	to	be	giv en	a	code.
Moz: Yes. All the data has to be converted to numbers in  binary form to be processed by the computer. 
The	 w ord	 binary	 means	 tw o.	 The	 binary	 form	 code	 is	 formed	 by	 using	 only	 tw o	 v alues	 ‘0’ 	 and	 ‘1’.	
This is called the binary number system, or the base-2 system. Each digit in a binary number is 
called a bit. A sequence of 8 bits is called byte.
T ejas:	Why		are	only	tw o	digits	used	to	form	the	code?	
Moz: The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement 
programs and data with current electronic technology. Bits can be implemented in many forms. In 
most modern computing devices, a bit is usually represented by an electrical voltage or current pulse, 
or	by	the	ON	-	OFF	state	of	a	switch	in	a	circuit.
Examples
Binary code Binary code names of Tejas  and Jyoti   
Alphabet Binary code
A 1000001
Z 1011010
Name Binary code
Tejas
 01010100  01100101  01101010  01100001  01110011
Jyoti
 01001010  01111001  01101111  01110100  01101001
Aim: In this lesson, you will learn:
- Binary number system, and its use in computers.
- Units	of	measurement	for	files	and	backup	devices.
6
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
00111
0011100111001110011100111001110011100111001
0111001
011001001001100
00110011100111
00110011100111
0011100111001110011100011100111001110011100
0100111000111001110011
01011
00110011100111
00110011100111
001001100110011001100110011001100110011100111000111001111000111001110011001100110011001111000110011001 10 0 10011001
0101001000101001001001110010010010011100101001001
0101001101011010111101101101011011010110110110110100101010011101010010011011010101
010101011011010110110101101101101101001010100111010100100110110101010110
0100101001010010010111010010101010010010010100100101010010
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
0 or 1
Bit Byte
1   0   1   0   0   0   1   0
Jy oti:	 ‘J’ 	 (01001010)	 and	 ‘j’ 	 (01101010)	 hav e	 different	 code	 to	 distinguish	 betw een	 the	 upper	 
case and lowercase.
T ejas:	Each	letter	has	a	length	of	8	bits,	or	1	byte.
Moz:	Right.	Note	that	bits are	abbreviated	by	‘b’ and bytes by	‘B’.
Jy oti:	Oh!	So	when	a	file	has	a	size	of	1	KB	then	it	means	the	file	has	1000	bytes	=	8000	bits.
Moz: there is a binary code for each character on your keyboard. You can also convert numbers from 
decimal to binary. For example, the number 10 in decimal is 00001010 in binary.
Explain what is binary number • 
system and state its purpose.
Convert words into binary code. • 
Distinguish between various units • 
for measurement of file size/
capacity of backup devices.
At the end of this lesson, you will 
be able to:
Binary	numbers
Concept
A	binary	number	is	formed	by	the	combination	of	‘0’	and	‘1’.
Bit
      
A	bit	is	the	smallest	unit	of	data	in	computer	processing.
Bit	is	derived	from	the	words	Binary	digIT. •	
A	bit	represents	a	digit	in	the	binary	system. •	
A	bit	can	only	have	the	value	0	or	1.	 •	
An	example:	1101	is	a	binary	number	4	bits	long. •	
Byte
A	Byte	is	a	group	of	8	bits.	
Bytes	are	the	standard	unit	of	storage	in	a	computer. •	
An	 example:	 10110111	 is	 a	 byte	 and	 can	 represen t	 data	 like	 text,	 pixels	 or	 sound	 •	
in	a	computer.
Units of measure:
A	 Kilob yte	 (KB)	 is	 usually	 used	 to	 denote	 1000	 bytes.	 Sometimes	 it	 is	 used	 to	 denote	 •	
2^10	 bytes	 or	 1024	 bytes.	 The	 term	 kibibyte	 (KiB)	 is	 sometimes	 used	 to	 denote	 strictly	
1024	bytes.	
A	Megabyte	(MB)	is	1000	kilobytes.	Sometimes	it	denotes	1024	KB. •	
A	Gigabyte	(GB)	is	1000	Megabytes. •	
A	terabyte	(TB)	is	1000	Gigabytes. •	
0			1
1			1			1			0			1			1			1			0
Binary
01
Conversion
A
1000001
KB
MB
GB
TB
Bytes
Units of 
measurement
WORKSHEETS
Level VIII    Lesson 
Fill in the blanks. 1. 
Match the following. 2. 
______________  and a. ______________ are digits in the binary system.
Binary numbers can represent data like b. ______________, ______________ and ______________  
in computers.
A Byte is a group of c. ______________ bits.
1. KB a. 1024 megabytes
2. Byte b. 1024  bytes
3. GB c. 1024 gigabytes
4. MB d. 1024 kilobytes
5. TB e. 8 bits
6
Each alphabet is one byte long, so how many bytes do you think the following sentence has? 3. 
“The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement them 
with current electronic technology.”
Write your name in binary code. Use the table given to find the code for each letter of your name. 4. 
Your Name:
__________________________
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
a 01100001 n 01101110 A 01000001 N 01001111
b 01100010 o 01101111 B 01000010 O 01010000
c 01100011 p 01110000 C 01000011 P 01010001
d 01100100 q 01110001 D 01000100 Q 01010010
e 01100101 r 01110010 E 01000101 R 01010011
f 01100110 s 01110011 F 01000110 S 01010100
g 01100111 t 01110100 G 01000111 T 01010101
h 01101000 u 01110101 H 01001000 U 01010110
i 01101001 v 01110110 I 01001001 V 01010111
j 01101010 w 01110111 J 01001010 W 01011000
k 01101011 x 01111000 K 01001011 X 01011001
l 01101100 y 01111001 L 01001100 Y 01011010
m 01101101 z 01111010 M 01001101 Z 01111010
ACTIVITY
Level VIII    Lesson 
Convert from binary to decimal and decimal to binary using the following link. 4. 
       http://easycalculation.com/binary-converter.php
Note the size of RAM and hard disk of your computer in KB, MB, GB. 1. 
Select a text file, audio file, video file, image, a presentation file (p 2. pt) on your computer and note their  
file size.
Open an image in an editor and reduce the file size. 3. 
6
Page 5


Binary number system: Bits and Bytes
Jy oti:	How	does	a	computer	store	music?
Moz: Computers store all data, like information, instructions, files, images, sound and  
video, as numbers. 
Jy oti:	 Is	 there	 some	 code	 to	 represent	 each	 letter	 in	 the	 alphabets?	 This	 will	 be	 necessary	 for	 saving	 a	 	
text document.
Moz: You are right. To represent an image, each pixel or the coloured dots needs to have a code. 
Jy oti:	Different	sounds	in	a	music	file	also	hav e	to	be	giv en	a	code.
Moz: Yes. All the data has to be converted to numbers in  binary form to be processed by the computer. 
The	 w ord	 binary	 means	 tw o.	 The	 binary	 form	 code	 is	 formed	 by	 using	 only	 tw o	 v alues	 ‘0’ 	 and	 ‘1’.	
This is called the binary number system, or the base-2 system. Each digit in a binary number is 
called a bit. A sequence of 8 bits is called byte.
T ejas:	Why		are	only	tw o	digits	used	to	form	the	code?	
Moz: The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement 
programs and data with current electronic technology. Bits can be implemented in many forms. In 
most modern computing devices, a bit is usually represented by an electrical voltage or current pulse, 
or	by	the	ON	-	OFF	state	of	a	switch	in	a	circuit.
Examples
Binary code Binary code names of Tejas  and Jyoti   
Alphabet Binary code
A 1000001
Z 1011010
Name Binary code
Tejas
 01010100  01100101  01101010  01100001  01110011
Jyoti
 01001010  01111001  01101111  01110100  01101001
Aim: In this lesson, you will learn:
- Binary number system, and its use in computers.
- Units	of	measurement	for	files	and	backup	devices.
6
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
0110110011
00111
0011100111001110011100111001110011100111001
0111001
011001001001100
00110011100111
00110011100111
0011100111001110011100011100111001110011100
0100111000111001110011
01011
00110011100111
00110011100111
001001100110011001100110011001100110011100111000111001111000111001110011001100110011001111000110011001 10 0 10011001
0101001000101001001001110010010010011100101001001
0101001101011010111101101101011011010110110110110100101010011101010010011011010101
010101011011010110110101101101101101001010100111010100100110110101010110
0100101001010010010111010010101010010010010100100101010010
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
10011100111001100
0 or 1
Bit Byte
1   0   1   0   0   0   1   0
Jy oti:	 ‘J’ 	 (01001010)	 and	 ‘j’ 	 (01101010)	 hav e	 different	 code	 to	 distinguish	 betw een	 the	 upper	 
case and lowercase.
T ejas:	Each	letter	has	a	length	of	8	bits,	or	1	byte.
Moz:	Right.	Note	that	bits are	abbreviated	by	‘b’ and bytes by	‘B’.
Jy oti:	Oh!	So	when	a	file	has	a	size	of	1	KB	then	it	means	the	file	has	1000	bytes	=	8000	bits.
Moz: there is a binary code for each character on your keyboard. You can also convert numbers from 
decimal to binary. For example, the number 10 in decimal is 00001010 in binary.
Explain what is binary number • 
system and state its purpose.
Convert words into binary code. • 
Distinguish between various units • 
for measurement of file size/
capacity of backup devices.
At the end of this lesson, you will 
be able to:
Binary	numbers
Concept
A	binary	number	is	formed	by	the	combination	of	‘0’	and	‘1’.
Bit
      
A	bit	is	the	smallest	unit	of	data	in	computer	processing.
Bit	is	derived	from	the	words	Binary	digIT. •	
A	bit	represents	a	digit	in	the	binary	system. •	
A	bit	can	only	have	the	value	0	or	1.	 •	
An	example:	1101	is	a	binary	number	4	bits	long. •	
Byte
A	Byte	is	a	group	of	8	bits.	
Bytes	are	the	standard	unit	of	storage	in	a	computer. •	
An	 example:	 10110111	 is	 a	 byte	 and	 can	 represen t	 data	 like	 text,	 pixels	 or	 sound	 •	
in	a	computer.
Units of measure:
A	 Kilob yte	 (KB)	 is	 usually	 used	 to	 denote	 1000	 bytes.	 Sometimes	 it	 is	 used	 to	 denote	 •	
2^10	 bytes	 or	 1024	 bytes.	 The	 term	 kibibyte	 (KiB)	 is	 sometimes	 used	 to	 denote	 strictly	
1024	bytes.	
A	Megabyte	(MB)	is	1000	kilobytes.	Sometimes	it	denotes	1024	KB. •	
A	Gigabyte	(GB)	is	1000	Megabytes. •	
A	terabyte	(TB)	is	1000	Gigabytes. •	
0			1
1			1			1			0			1			1			1			0
Binary
01
Conversion
A
1000001
KB
MB
GB
TB
Bytes
Units of 
measurement
WORKSHEETS
Level VIII    Lesson 
Fill in the blanks. 1. 
Match the following. 2. 
______________  and a. ______________ are digits in the binary system.
Binary numbers can represent data like b. ______________, ______________ and ______________  
in computers.
A Byte is a group of c. ______________ bits.
1. KB a. 1024 megabytes
2. Byte b. 1024  bytes
3. GB c. 1024 gigabytes
4. MB d. 1024 kilobytes
5. TB e. 8 bits
6
Each alphabet is one byte long, so how many bytes do you think the following sentence has? 3. 
“The reason computers use the base-2 system is because it makes it a lot easier to implement them 
with current electronic technology.”
Write your name in binary code. Use the table given to find the code for each letter of your name. 4. 
Your Name:
__________________________
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
Letter
Binary code
(ASCLL)
a 01100001 n 01101110 A 01000001 N 01001111
b 01100010 o 01101111 B 01000010 O 01010000
c 01100011 p 01110000 C 01000011 P 01010001
d 01100100 q 01110001 D 01000100 Q 01010010
e 01100101 r 01110010 E 01000101 R 01010011
f 01100110 s 01110011 F 01000110 S 01010100
g 01100111 t 01110100 G 01000111 T 01010101
h 01101000 u 01110101 H 01001000 U 01010110
i 01101001 v 01110110 I 01001001 V 01010111
j 01101010 w 01110111 J 01001010 W 01011000
k 01101011 x 01111000 K 01001011 X 01011001
l 01101100 y 01111001 L 01001100 Y 01011010
m 01101101 z 01111010 M 01001101 Z 01111010
ACTIVITY
Level VIII    Lesson 
Convert from binary to decimal and decimal to binary using the following link. 4. 
       http://easycalculation.com/binary-converter.php
Note the size of RAM and hard disk of your computer in KB, MB, GB. 1. 
Select a text file, audio file, video file, image, a presentation file (p 2. pt) on your computer and note their  
file size.
Open an image in an editor and reduce the file size. 3. 
6
ACTIVITY
Level VIII    Lesson 
Find out if there are applications to convert numbers 1. 
into various bases (example libmath-basecalc-perl).
6
Go to the url: 5. http://forums.cisco.com/CertCom/game/binary_game_page.htm and play the binary game.
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