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Haloalkanes & Haloarenes Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 6

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FAQs on Haloalkanes & Haloarenes Class 12 Notes Chemistry Chapter 6

1. What are haloalkanes and haloarenes?
Ans. Haloalkanes and haloarenes are organic compounds that contain halogen atoms, such as chlorine, bromine, or iodine, attached to carbon atoms. Haloalkanes have halogen atoms attached to alkyl groups, while haloarenes have halogen atoms attached to aromatic rings.
2. How are haloalkanes and haloarenes named?
Ans. The naming of haloalkanes and haloarenes follows a specific system. In haloalkanes, the halogen atom is named as a substituent and is prefixed with the alkyl group name. In haloarenes, the halogen atom is named as a substituent and is prefixed with the name of the aromatic ring. The position of the halogen atom is indicated by a numerical prefix.
3. What are the physical properties of haloalkanes and haloarenes?
Ans. Haloalkanes and haloarenes have higher boiling points compared to their corresponding hydrocarbons due to the presence of polar halogen atoms. They have low solubility in water but are soluble in organic solvents. The boiling points and solubility of haloalkanes and haloarenes increase with the increase in the size of the halogen atom.
4. What are the chemical reactions of haloalkanes and haloarenes?
Ans. Haloalkanes and haloarenes undergo various chemical reactions such as nucleophilic substitution, elimination, and reduction reactions. Nucleophilic substitution reactions involve the replacement of the halogen atom with a nucleophile, while elimination reactions result in the formation of an alkene or an alkyne. Reduction reactions involve the conversion of haloalkanes and haloarenes into corresponding alkanes and are typically carried out using reducing agents.
5. What are the environmental concerns associated with haloalkanes and haloarenes?
Ans. Haloalkanes and haloarenes are known to be persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that can have detrimental effects on the environment. They have the potential to bioaccumulate in organisms and can cause toxicity and ecological harm. Many haloalkanes and haloarenes have been banned or strictly regulated due to their harmful effects on the environment and human health.
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