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Flashcards for JEE Chemistry - Biomolecules Class 11

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Biomolecules
Flash cards
Page 2


Biomolecules
Flash cards
Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates are mainly compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
2. General molecular formula initially considered was C
x
(H
2
O)
y 
e.g., glucose – C
6
H
12
O
6
, sucrose C
12
H
22
O
11
etc.
But many of the compounds which behave as carbohydrates, do not follow the 
general molecular formula C
x
(H
2
O)
y
formula.
3. Thus carbohydrates are the class of compounds that include polyhydroxy 
aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
4. Carbohydrates are also known as saccharides.
Page 3


Biomolecules
Flash cards
Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates are mainly compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
2. General molecular formula initially considered was C
x
(H
2
O)
y 
e.g., glucose – C
6
H
12
O
6
, sucrose C
12
H
22
O
11
etc.
But many of the compounds which behave as carbohydrates, do not follow the 
general molecular formula C
x
(H
2
O)
y
formula.
3. Thus carbohydrates are the class of compounds that include polyhydroxy 
aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
4. Carbohydrates are also known as saccharides.
Classification
The carbohydrates are classified into three major classes
(i) Monosaccharides
(ii) Oligosaccharides
(iii) Polysaccharides
Page 4


Biomolecules
Flash cards
Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates are mainly compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
2. General molecular formula initially considered was C
x
(H
2
O)
y 
e.g., glucose – C
6
H
12
O
6
, sucrose C
12
H
22
O
11
etc.
But many of the compounds which behave as carbohydrates, do not follow the 
general molecular formula C
x
(H
2
O)
y
formula.
3. Thus carbohydrates are the class of compounds that include polyhydroxy 
aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
4. Carbohydrates are also known as saccharides.
Classification
The carbohydrates are classified into three major classes
(i) Monosaccharides
(ii) Oligosaccharides
(iii) Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
(i) Monosaccharides are simple sugars with single unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or
polyhydroxy ketones.
(ii) General molecular formula C
n
H
2n
O
n
(with some exceptions).
Page 5


Biomolecules
Flash cards
Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates are mainly compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
2. General molecular formula initially considered was C
x
(H
2
O)
y 
e.g., glucose – C
6
H
12
O
6
, sucrose C
12
H
22
O
11
etc.
But many of the compounds which behave as carbohydrates, do not follow the 
general molecular formula C
x
(H
2
O)
y
formula.
3. Thus carbohydrates are the class of compounds that include polyhydroxy 
aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
4. Carbohydrates are also known as saccharides.
Classification
The carbohydrates are classified into three major classes
(i) Monosaccharides
(ii) Oligosaccharides
(iii) Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
(i) Monosaccharides are simple sugars with single unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or
polyhydroxy ketones.
(ii) General molecular formula C
n
H
2n
O
n
(with some exceptions).
Oligosaccharides
(i) Oligosaccharides are made up of 2-9 units of monosaccharides or simple sugars.
(ii) Oligosaccharides with two, three and four monosaccharides respectively known 
as disaccharides, and trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides.
(iii) Sucrose is the example of this class.
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FAQs on Flashcards for JEE Chemistry - Biomolecules Class 11

1. What are biomolecules?
Ans. Biomolecules are organic molecules that are essential for the structure and function of living organisms. They include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
2. How are biomolecules classified?
Ans. Biomolecules are classified into four major types: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each of these biomolecules has unique structures and functions in living organisms.
3. What is the role of carbohydrates in living organisms?
Ans. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for living organisms. They provide quick energy and also serve as structural components in cells. Examples of carbohydrates include sugars and starches.
4. What are the functions of lipids in living organisms?
Ans. Lipids have multiple functions in living organisms. They are important for energy storage, insulation, and protection of organs. Lipids also play a role in cell signaling and serve as structural components of cell membranes.
5. How do proteins contribute to the functioning of living organisms?
Ans. Proteins have diverse functions in living organisms. They act as enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and structural components. Proteins also play a role in cell signaling and transport of molecules within cells.
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