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Flashcards for JEE Chemistry - Hydrogen Class 11

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Hydrogen
Flash cards
Page 2


Hydrogen
Flash cards
Introduction
Hydrogen is the first element of the Periodic Table. It is a 
powerful polarising agent, polarises NH
3
and H
2
O to NH
4
+
, 
H
3
O
+
, [H(H
2
O)
n
]
+
.
Page 3


Hydrogen
Flash cards
Introduction
Hydrogen is the first element of the Periodic Table. It is a 
powerful polarising agent, polarises NH
3
and H
2
O to NH
4
+
, 
H
3
O
+
, [H(H
2
O)
n
]
+
.
Chemistry of Hydrogen (Continued)
(1) Preparation of hydrogen :
(a) By reaction of water on metals
e.g. 2 Na + 2 H
2
O ?2NaOH + H
2
(b) By the reaction of water on hydrides
e.g. CaH
2
+ 2H
2
O ?Ca(OH)
2
+ 2H
2
Page 4


Hydrogen
Flash cards
Introduction
Hydrogen is the first element of the Periodic Table. It is a 
powerful polarising agent, polarises NH
3
and H
2
O to NH
4
+
, 
H
3
O
+
, [H(H
2
O)
n
]
+
.
Chemistry of Hydrogen (Continued)
(1) Preparation of hydrogen :
(a) By reaction of water on metals
e.g. 2 Na + 2 H
2
O ?2NaOH + H
2
(b) By the reaction of water on hydrides
e.g. CaH
2
+ 2H
2
O ?Ca(OH)
2
+ 2H
2
Chemistry of Hydrogen (Continued)
(1) Preparation of hydrogen :
(c) By the electrolysis of water
When electricity is passed through water containing a little 
acid or alkali (to make it conducting), hydrogen is obtained at 
the cathode and oxygen at the anode.
2H
2
O + H
2
SO
4
? 2 H
3
O
+
+ SO
4
2–
At cathode :
2H
3
O
+
+ 2e¯ ? 2 H
2
O + 2H
H + H ?H
2
At anode : 2SO
4
2 –
+ 2H
2
O ?2H
2
SO
4
+ O
2
+ 2e
Page 5


Hydrogen
Flash cards
Introduction
Hydrogen is the first element of the Periodic Table. It is a 
powerful polarising agent, polarises NH
3
and H
2
O to NH
4
+
, 
H
3
O
+
, [H(H
2
O)
n
]
+
.
Chemistry of Hydrogen (Continued)
(1) Preparation of hydrogen :
(a) By reaction of water on metals
e.g. 2 Na + 2 H
2
O ?2NaOH + H
2
(b) By the reaction of water on hydrides
e.g. CaH
2
+ 2H
2
O ?Ca(OH)
2
+ 2H
2
Chemistry of Hydrogen (Continued)
(1) Preparation of hydrogen :
(c) By the electrolysis of water
When electricity is passed through water containing a little 
acid or alkali (to make it conducting), hydrogen is obtained at 
the cathode and oxygen at the anode.
2H
2
O + H
2
SO
4
? 2 H
3
O
+
+ SO
4
2–
At cathode :
2H
3
O
+
+ 2e¯ ? 2 H
2
O + 2H
H + H ?H
2
At anode : 2SO
4
2 –
+ 2H
2
O ?2H
2
SO
4
+ O
2
+ 2e
Chemistry of Hydrogen (Continued)
(1) Preparation of hydrogen :
(d) From acids :
Zn + dil. H
2
SO
4
? ZnSO
4
+ H
2
Mg + dil. H
2
SO
4
?MgSO
4
+ H
2
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FAQs on Flashcards for JEE Chemistry - Hydrogen Class 11

1. What is hydrogen?
Ans. Hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, making up about 75% of its elemental mass.
2. What are the uses of hydrogen?
Ans. Hydrogen has various uses including fuel for vehicles, energy storage, power generation, and industrial processes. It is also used in the production of ammonia for fertilizers, as a reducing agent in metallurgy, and in the production of various chemicals.
3. How is hydrogen produced?
Ans. Hydrogen can be produced through different methods such as steam methane reforming, electrolysis, and coal gasification. The most common method is steam methane reforming, where natural gas reacts with steam to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
4. Is hydrogen a sustainable energy source?
Ans. Hydrogen is considered a sustainable energy source when it is produced using renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, or hydroelectric power. However, if hydrogen is produced from fossil fuels, it contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.
5. What are the advantages of using hydrogen as a fuel?
Ans. Using hydrogen as a fuel has several advantages. It is a clean energy source as it produces water vapor as the only byproduct when used in fuel cells. It has a high energy density, which means it can store and deliver more energy per unit of weight compared to other fuels. Additionally, hydrogen can be produced domestically, reducing dependence on imported energy resources.
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