Biodiversity & its Conservation PPT Biology Class 12

 Page 1


BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
Page 2


BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
? Biodiversity: the term biodiversity refers to the totality of genes, species,  
and ecosystems of a region.
? Types of biodiversity described by Edward Wilson:
? Genetic diversity: A single species might show high diversity at the genetic  
level over its distributional range.
? Medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria of Himalayan range produces active
chemical reserpine shows genetic variation.
? India has more than 50000 different strain of rice.
? 1000 varieties of mango.
?
? Species diversity: different species of a single animal like frog.
? Ecological diversity: diversity in the ecosystem level like desert, rain forest,  
mangroves, coral reef, wetlands, estuaries etc.
Page 3


BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
? Biodiversity: the term biodiversity refers to the totality of genes, species,  
and ecosystems of a region.
? Types of biodiversity described by Edward Wilson:
? Genetic diversity: A single species might show high diversity at the genetic  
level over its distributional range.
? Medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria of Himalayan range produces active
chemical reserpine shows genetic variation.
? India has more than 50000 different strain of rice.
? 1000 varieties of mango.
?
? Species diversity: different species of a single animal like frog.
? Ecological diversity: diversity in the ecosystem level like desert, rain forest,  
mangroves, coral reef, wetlands, estuaries etc.
How many species are there on Earth and
How many in India?
? According to IUCN (2004), 1.5 million of plants and  
animals are in our biosphere.
? Robert May places global species diversity at about 7
millions.
? More than 70 percent of all the species recorded are animals.
? All plants constitute about 22 percent.
? Among animals insects constitute 70 percent.
? India has only 2.4 percent of the world’s land area; its share  
of global species diversity is impressive 8.1 percent.
? India is considered one of the mega diversity countries of the  
world.
Page 4


BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
? Biodiversity: the term biodiversity refers to the totality of genes, species,  
and ecosystems of a region.
? Types of biodiversity described by Edward Wilson:
? Genetic diversity: A single species might show high diversity at the genetic  
level over its distributional range.
? Medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria of Himalayan range produces active
chemical reserpine shows genetic variation.
? India has more than 50000 different strain of rice.
? 1000 varieties of mango.
?
? Species diversity: different species of a single animal like frog.
? Ecological diversity: diversity in the ecosystem level like desert, rain forest,  
mangroves, coral reef, wetlands, estuaries etc.
How many species are there on Earth and
How many in India?
? According to IUCN (2004), 1.5 million of plants and  
animals are in our biosphere.
? Robert May places global species diversity at about 7
millions.
? More than 70 percent of all the species recorded are animals.
? All plants constitute about 22 percent.
? Among animals insects constitute 70 percent.
? India has only 2.4 percent of the world’s land area; its share  
of global species diversity is impressive 8.1 percent.
? India is considered one of the mega diversity countries of the  
world.
Page 5


BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
? Biodiversity: the term biodiversity refers to the totality of genes, species,  
and ecosystems of a region.
? Types of biodiversity described by Edward Wilson:
? Genetic diversity: A single species might show high diversity at the genetic  
level over its distributional range.
? Medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria of Himalayan range produces active
chemical reserpine shows genetic variation.
? India has more than 50000 different strain of rice.
? 1000 varieties of mango.
?
? Species diversity: different species of a single animal like frog.
? Ecological diversity: diversity in the ecosystem level like desert, rain forest,  
mangroves, coral reef, wetlands, estuaries etc.
How many species are there on Earth and
How many in India?
? According to IUCN (2004), 1.5 million of plants and  
animals are in our biosphere.
? Robert May places global species diversity at about 7
millions.
? More than 70 percent of all the species recorded are animals.
? All plants constitute about 22 percent.
? Among animals insects constitute 70 percent.
? India has only 2.4 percent of the world’s land area; its share  
of global species diversity is impressive 8.1 percent.
? India is considered one of the mega diversity countries of the  
world.
Pattern of Biodiversity
? Latitudinal gradients:
? Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards
the pole.
? Tropic (23.5
o 
N to 23.5
o 
S) harbors more species than temperate and  
pole
? The largely tropical Amazonian rain forest in South America has the  
greatest biodiversity on earth:
? 40,000 species of plants.
? 3000 species of fishes.
? 1300 of birds.
? 427 amphibians
? 378 reptiles
? More than 1, 25,000 invertebrates.