Class 11 Political Science Previous Year Paper - 3 | Political Science Class 11 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

 Page 1


 
 
          
                 
Political Science (028) 
Date:                   Class: XI 
Time: 3 hrs                                          M. M: 100 
General Instructions: 
i. All questions are compulsory. 
ii. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 30 words each. 
iii. Question numbers 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 60 words each. 
iv. Question numbers 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 120 words each. 
v. Question numbers 17-21 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 150 words each. 
vi. Question numbers 22-27 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 160 words each. 
 
1 Given a situation where elections for some Rajya Sabha seats have been scheduled next 
month. 3 seats have to be elected from Uttar Pradesh. The UP Vidhan Sabha has 404 elected 
members. What is the minimum quota of votes which a candidate must secure, to be 
declared a winner?  
 
1 
2 Mention any one positive impact of Judicial activism on the political system.  
 
 
1 
3 How many seats have been reserved for SCSTs in the Lok Sabha? 
 
1 
4 What was the main provision of Article 243? 
 
1 
5 What does the Indian bureaucracy comprise of? 
 
1 
6 Explain the writs of Prohibition and Certiorari. 
 
2 
7 What is the function of State Finance Commission with reference to Local Governments? 
 
2 
8 How can a judge of Supreme court or High courts be removed from office? 
 
2 
9 Explain the provisions of 38
th
 and 39
th
 amendment acts.  
 
2 
10 List any two main points of the Objectives Resolution. 
 
2 
11 Explain the cultural and educational rights mentioned in the constitution under Articles 29-
30?  
 
4 
12 In Indian federalism, ‘autonomy’ refers to different things for different States and parties. 
Explain the different demands for autonomy by states.  
 
4 
13 Briefly explain any four functions of the office set up by the constitution under Article 324.  
  
4 
Page 2


 
 
          
                 
Political Science (028) 
Date:                   Class: XI 
Time: 3 hrs                                          M. M: 100 
General Instructions: 
i. All questions are compulsory. 
ii. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 30 words each. 
iii. Question numbers 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 60 words each. 
iv. Question numbers 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 120 words each. 
v. Question numbers 17-21 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 150 words each. 
vi. Question numbers 22-27 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 160 words each. 
 
1 Given a situation where elections for some Rajya Sabha seats have been scheduled next 
month. 3 seats have to be elected from Uttar Pradesh. The UP Vidhan Sabha has 404 elected 
members. What is the minimum quota of votes which a candidate must secure, to be 
declared a winner?  
 
1 
2 Mention any one positive impact of Judicial activism on the political system.  
 
 
1 
3 How many seats have been reserved for SCSTs in the Lok Sabha? 
 
1 
4 What was the main provision of Article 243? 
 
1 
5 What does the Indian bureaucracy comprise of? 
 
1 
6 Explain the writs of Prohibition and Certiorari. 
 
2 
7 What is the function of State Finance Commission with reference to Local Governments? 
 
2 
8 How can a judge of Supreme court or High courts be removed from office? 
 
2 
9 Explain the provisions of 38
th
 and 39
th
 amendment acts.  
 
2 
10 List any two main points of the Objectives Resolution. 
 
2 
11 Explain the cultural and educational rights mentioned in the constitution under Articles 29-
30?  
 
4 
12 In Indian federalism, ‘autonomy’ refers to different things for different States and parties. 
Explain the different demands for autonomy by states.  
 
4 
13 Briefly explain any four functions of the office set up by the constitution under Article 324.  
  
4 
 
14 Every country may not have the same type of executive. Explain the different types of 
executive in the world. Briefly explain the system of executive in India.  
 
4 
15 The legislature in parliamentary system ensures executive accountability at various stages. 
The legislature does this through the use of a variety of devices. What are these devices? 
 
4 
16 How has the ruling in the Kesavanand Bharti case contributed to the evolution of the 
constitution? Which amendment tried to go against the ruling of Kesavanand Bharti case? In 
which other case did the Court repeat its earlier stand? 
 
4 
17 According to Article 79, the Parliament in India consists of the President and two Houses. 
The Upper House is the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha. It represents the states of 
India….. 
 
i) How are members of Rajya Sabha elected? 
ii) Which schedule deals with the representation in Rajya Sabha? How many seats each 
has been granted to Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and Delhi?  
iii) Mention four spheres where powers of Rajya Sabha are coequal with those of Lok 
Sabha. 
5(1+2+2) 
18  
 
 
i) Interpret the above cartoon. 
ii) The power wielded by the Prime Minister/Chief Minister flows from various 
sources. What are these sources? 
iii) The power which the Prime Minister wields and actually puts into use depends upon 
the prevailing political conditions. Explain this statement with reference to 
politics since 1990s.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
19 Article 153 of the Constitution states that ‘There shall be a Governor for each State’. 
However, the role of Governors has always been a controversial issue between the States 
and the Central government….  
 
i) How does the mode of appointment of the Governor become controversial? 
ii) What is the controversy regarding Governor’s role with reference to Article 356? 
iii) With reference to any recent controversy related to Governor vis-à-vis the state 
government, suggest the kind of role that governors should ideally play.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
Page 3


 
 
          
                 
Political Science (028) 
Date:                   Class: XI 
Time: 3 hrs                                          M. M: 100 
General Instructions: 
i. All questions are compulsory. 
ii. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 30 words each. 
iii. Question numbers 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 60 words each. 
iv. Question numbers 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 120 words each. 
v. Question numbers 17-21 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 150 words each. 
vi. Question numbers 22-27 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 160 words each. 
 
1 Given a situation where elections for some Rajya Sabha seats have been scheduled next 
month. 3 seats have to be elected from Uttar Pradesh. The UP Vidhan Sabha has 404 elected 
members. What is the minimum quota of votes which a candidate must secure, to be 
declared a winner?  
 
1 
2 Mention any one positive impact of Judicial activism on the political system.  
 
 
1 
3 How many seats have been reserved for SCSTs in the Lok Sabha? 
 
1 
4 What was the main provision of Article 243? 
 
1 
5 What does the Indian bureaucracy comprise of? 
 
1 
6 Explain the writs of Prohibition and Certiorari. 
 
2 
7 What is the function of State Finance Commission with reference to Local Governments? 
 
2 
8 How can a judge of Supreme court or High courts be removed from office? 
 
2 
9 Explain the provisions of 38
th
 and 39
th
 amendment acts.  
 
2 
10 List any two main points of the Objectives Resolution. 
 
2 
11 Explain the cultural and educational rights mentioned in the constitution under Articles 29-
30?  
 
4 
12 In Indian federalism, ‘autonomy’ refers to different things for different States and parties. 
Explain the different demands for autonomy by states.  
 
4 
13 Briefly explain any four functions of the office set up by the constitution under Article 324.  
  
4 
 
14 Every country may not have the same type of executive. Explain the different types of 
executive in the world. Briefly explain the system of executive in India.  
 
4 
15 The legislature in parliamentary system ensures executive accountability at various stages. 
The legislature does this through the use of a variety of devices. What are these devices? 
 
4 
16 How has the ruling in the Kesavanand Bharti case contributed to the evolution of the 
constitution? Which amendment tried to go against the ruling of Kesavanand Bharti case? In 
which other case did the Court repeat its earlier stand? 
 
4 
17 According to Article 79, the Parliament in India consists of the President and two Houses. 
The Upper House is the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha. It represents the states of 
India….. 
 
i) How are members of Rajya Sabha elected? 
ii) Which schedule deals with the representation in Rajya Sabha? How many seats each 
has been granted to Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and Delhi?  
iii) Mention four spheres where powers of Rajya Sabha are coequal with those of Lok 
Sabha. 
5(1+2+2) 
18  
 
 
i) Interpret the above cartoon. 
ii) The power wielded by the Prime Minister/Chief Minister flows from various 
sources. What are these sources? 
iii) The power which the Prime Minister wields and actually puts into use depends upon 
the prevailing political conditions. Explain this statement with reference to 
politics since 1990s.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
19 Article 153 of the Constitution states that ‘There shall be a Governor for each State’. 
However, the role of Governors has always been a controversial issue between the States 
and the Central government….  
 
i) How does the mode of appointment of the Governor become controversial? 
ii) What is the controversy regarding Governor’s role with reference to Article 356? 
iii) With reference to any recent controversy related to Governor vis-à-vis the state 
government, suggest the kind of role that governors should ideally play.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
 
20 When we say that the Indian constitution is liberal, we do not mean that it is liberal only in 
the classical western sense. Classical liberalism always privileges rights of the individuals 
over demands of social justice and community values. The liberalism of the Indian 
constitution differs from this version in two ways…. 
 
i) How is liberalism of the Indian constitution differ from the classical liberalism? 
ii) Explain the two streams of Indian liberalism. 
iii) With reference to above passage, list one difference between Indian and western 
societies.  
 
5(2+2+1) 
21  
 
 
1. Interpret the above information. 
2. Why did the decades from 1970 to 1990 witness a large number of amendments? 
3. Why have there been so many amendments post 1990s? What do you conclude from 
this? 
5 
(1+2+2) 
22 Explain the provisions for protection against arrest and detention in certain cases, in the 
Indian Constitution. Do you think the provisions for preventive detention goes against the 
right to life and personal liberty and should therefore be revoked? 
 
OR 
 
The system of election must allow the aspirations of the voter to find legitimate expression 
through the electoral results. Do you think the Proportional Representation system of 
Elections in India would help achieve this objective? List the benefits of PR system of 
election.  
6 (3+3) 
 
 
 
 
 
6(1+5) 
 
 
 
23 Discuss some of the limitations in the effective decentralization of power at the local level. 
Suggest three solutions/suggestions to empower local governments.  
 
OR 
 
What were the provisions of the Cabinet Mission Plan for the composition of the 
Constituent Assembly? Even though the members of the Constituent Assembly were elected 
in an indirect manner, the constitution is able to command the allegiance of the people. 
Why? 
6 
Page 4


 
 
          
                 
Political Science (028) 
Date:                   Class: XI 
Time: 3 hrs                                          M. M: 100 
General Instructions: 
i. All questions are compulsory. 
ii. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 30 words each. 
iii. Question numbers 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 60 words each. 
iv. Question numbers 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 120 words each. 
v. Question numbers 17-21 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 150 words each. 
vi. Question numbers 22-27 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 160 words each. 
 
1 Given a situation where elections for some Rajya Sabha seats have been scheduled next 
month. 3 seats have to be elected from Uttar Pradesh. The UP Vidhan Sabha has 404 elected 
members. What is the minimum quota of votes which a candidate must secure, to be 
declared a winner?  
 
1 
2 Mention any one positive impact of Judicial activism on the political system.  
 
 
1 
3 How many seats have been reserved for SCSTs in the Lok Sabha? 
 
1 
4 What was the main provision of Article 243? 
 
1 
5 What does the Indian bureaucracy comprise of? 
 
1 
6 Explain the writs of Prohibition and Certiorari. 
 
2 
7 What is the function of State Finance Commission with reference to Local Governments? 
 
2 
8 How can a judge of Supreme court or High courts be removed from office? 
 
2 
9 Explain the provisions of 38
th
 and 39
th
 amendment acts.  
 
2 
10 List any two main points of the Objectives Resolution. 
 
2 
11 Explain the cultural and educational rights mentioned in the constitution under Articles 29-
30?  
 
4 
12 In Indian federalism, ‘autonomy’ refers to different things for different States and parties. 
Explain the different demands for autonomy by states.  
 
4 
13 Briefly explain any four functions of the office set up by the constitution under Article 324.  
  
4 
 
14 Every country may not have the same type of executive. Explain the different types of 
executive in the world. Briefly explain the system of executive in India.  
 
4 
15 The legislature in parliamentary system ensures executive accountability at various stages. 
The legislature does this through the use of a variety of devices. What are these devices? 
 
4 
16 How has the ruling in the Kesavanand Bharti case contributed to the evolution of the 
constitution? Which amendment tried to go against the ruling of Kesavanand Bharti case? In 
which other case did the Court repeat its earlier stand? 
 
4 
17 According to Article 79, the Parliament in India consists of the President and two Houses. 
The Upper House is the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha. It represents the states of 
India….. 
 
i) How are members of Rajya Sabha elected? 
ii) Which schedule deals with the representation in Rajya Sabha? How many seats each 
has been granted to Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and Delhi?  
iii) Mention four spheres where powers of Rajya Sabha are coequal with those of Lok 
Sabha. 
5(1+2+2) 
18  
 
 
i) Interpret the above cartoon. 
ii) The power wielded by the Prime Minister/Chief Minister flows from various 
sources. What are these sources? 
iii) The power which the Prime Minister wields and actually puts into use depends upon 
the prevailing political conditions. Explain this statement with reference to 
politics since 1990s.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
19 Article 153 of the Constitution states that ‘There shall be a Governor for each State’. 
However, the role of Governors has always been a controversial issue between the States 
and the Central government….  
 
i) How does the mode of appointment of the Governor become controversial? 
ii) What is the controversy regarding Governor’s role with reference to Article 356? 
iii) With reference to any recent controversy related to Governor vis-à-vis the state 
government, suggest the kind of role that governors should ideally play.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
 
20 When we say that the Indian constitution is liberal, we do not mean that it is liberal only in 
the classical western sense. Classical liberalism always privileges rights of the individuals 
over demands of social justice and community values. The liberalism of the Indian 
constitution differs from this version in two ways…. 
 
i) How is liberalism of the Indian constitution differ from the classical liberalism? 
ii) Explain the two streams of Indian liberalism. 
iii) With reference to above passage, list one difference between Indian and western 
societies.  
 
5(2+2+1) 
21  
 
 
1. Interpret the above information. 
2. Why did the decades from 1970 to 1990 witness a large number of amendments? 
3. Why have there been so many amendments post 1990s? What do you conclude from 
this? 
5 
(1+2+2) 
22 Explain the provisions for protection against arrest and detention in certain cases, in the 
Indian Constitution. Do you think the provisions for preventive detention goes against the 
right to life and personal liberty and should therefore be revoked? 
 
OR 
 
The system of election must allow the aspirations of the voter to find legitimate expression 
through the electoral results. Do you think the Proportional Representation system of 
Elections in India would help achieve this objective? List the benefits of PR system of 
election.  
6 (3+3) 
 
 
 
 
 
6(1+5) 
 
 
 
23 Discuss some of the limitations in the effective decentralization of power at the local level. 
Suggest three solutions/suggestions to empower local governments.  
 
OR 
 
What were the provisions of the Cabinet Mission Plan for the composition of the 
Constituent Assembly? Even though the members of the Constituent Assembly were elected 
in an indirect manner, the constitution is able to command the allegiance of the people. 
Why? 
6 
 
 
24 ‘In a parliamentary system, the formal powers of the President are in reality used by the 
President only on the advice of the Council of Ministers.’ On the basis of this statement can 
we infer that the President has no discretionary power under any circumstances? Comment, 
with special reference to the post 1989 coalition era.  
 
 
OR 
 
A definite procedure is followed in the process of making law. With the help of a flow 
chart, give a detailed explanation of the process of law making in the Parliament.  
 
6 
25 Article 368 deals with the amendment procedure. What are the features of the bills taken up 
under this article? 
 
OR 
The constitution has been amended a number of times in the last 66 years. Describe the 
broad categories of the contents of the amendments done till date.   
6 
26 The most extra-ordinary feature of the federal arrangement created in India is that many 
states get a differential treatment. Elaborate. 
 
OR 
‘The constitution of India provides for a single integrated judicial system’. What does the 
given statement imply? Explain with the help of a diagram.  
 
6 
27 Explain how and why the Indian model of secularism is different from the western model? 
With reference to recent debates on secularism, would you consider India to be a truly 
secular country, if you belonged to a religious minority community?  
 
OR 
Mention the limitations of the Indian constitution. Give your own analysis of each.   
6 (4+2) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3+3) 
 
 
Page 5


 
 
          
                 
Political Science (028) 
Date:                   Class: XI 
Time: 3 hrs                                          M. M: 100 
General Instructions: 
i. All questions are compulsory. 
ii. Question numbers 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 30 words each. 
iii. Question numbers 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 60 words each. 
iv. Question numbers 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 120 words each. 
v. Question numbers 17-21 are of 5 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 150 words each. 
vi. Question numbers 22-27 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not 
exceed 160 words each. 
 
1 Given a situation where elections for some Rajya Sabha seats have been scheduled next 
month. 3 seats have to be elected from Uttar Pradesh. The UP Vidhan Sabha has 404 elected 
members. What is the minimum quota of votes which a candidate must secure, to be 
declared a winner?  
 
1 
2 Mention any one positive impact of Judicial activism on the political system.  
 
 
1 
3 How many seats have been reserved for SCSTs in the Lok Sabha? 
 
1 
4 What was the main provision of Article 243? 
 
1 
5 What does the Indian bureaucracy comprise of? 
 
1 
6 Explain the writs of Prohibition and Certiorari. 
 
2 
7 What is the function of State Finance Commission with reference to Local Governments? 
 
2 
8 How can a judge of Supreme court or High courts be removed from office? 
 
2 
9 Explain the provisions of 38
th
 and 39
th
 amendment acts.  
 
2 
10 List any two main points of the Objectives Resolution. 
 
2 
11 Explain the cultural and educational rights mentioned in the constitution under Articles 29-
30?  
 
4 
12 In Indian federalism, ‘autonomy’ refers to different things for different States and parties. 
Explain the different demands for autonomy by states.  
 
4 
13 Briefly explain any four functions of the office set up by the constitution under Article 324.  
  
4 
 
14 Every country may not have the same type of executive. Explain the different types of 
executive in the world. Briefly explain the system of executive in India.  
 
4 
15 The legislature in parliamentary system ensures executive accountability at various stages. 
The legislature does this through the use of a variety of devices. What are these devices? 
 
4 
16 How has the ruling in the Kesavanand Bharti case contributed to the evolution of the 
constitution? Which amendment tried to go against the ruling of Kesavanand Bharti case? In 
which other case did the Court repeat its earlier stand? 
 
4 
17 According to Article 79, the Parliament in India consists of the President and two Houses. 
The Upper House is the Council of States or the Rajya Sabha. It represents the states of 
India….. 
 
i) How are members of Rajya Sabha elected? 
ii) Which schedule deals with the representation in Rajya Sabha? How many seats each 
has been granted to Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim and Delhi?  
iii) Mention four spheres where powers of Rajya Sabha are coequal with those of Lok 
Sabha. 
5(1+2+2) 
18  
 
 
i) Interpret the above cartoon. 
ii) The power wielded by the Prime Minister/Chief Minister flows from various 
sources. What are these sources? 
iii) The power which the Prime Minister wields and actually puts into use depends upon 
the prevailing political conditions. Explain this statement with reference to 
politics since 1990s.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
19 Article 153 of the Constitution states that ‘There shall be a Governor for each State’. 
However, the role of Governors has always been a controversial issue between the States 
and the Central government….  
 
i) How does the mode of appointment of the Governor become controversial? 
ii) What is the controversy regarding Governor’s role with reference to Article 356? 
iii) With reference to any recent controversy related to Governor vis-à-vis the state 
government, suggest the kind of role that governors should ideally play.  
 
5(1+2+2) 
 
20 When we say that the Indian constitution is liberal, we do not mean that it is liberal only in 
the classical western sense. Classical liberalism always privileges rights of the individuals 
over demands of social justice and community values. The liberalism of the Indian 
constitution differs from this version in two ways…. 
 
i) How is liberalism of the Indian constitution differ from the classical liberalism? 
ii) Explain the two streams of Indian liberalism. 
iii) With reference to above passage, list one difference between Indian and western 
societies.  
 
5(2+2+1) 
21  
 
 
1. Interpret the above information. 
2. Why did the decades from 1970 to 1990 witness a large number of amendments? 
3. Why have there been so many amendments post 1990s? What do you conclude from 
this? 
5 
(1+2+2) 
22 Explain the provisions for protection against arrest and detention in certain cases, in the 
Indian Constitution. Do you think the provisions for preventive detention goes against the 
right to life and personal liberty and should therefore be revoked? 
 
OR 
 
The system of election must allow the aspirations of the voter to find legitimate expression 
through the electoral results. Do you think the Proportional Representation system of 
Elections in India would help achieve this objective? List the benefits of PR system of 
election.  
6 (3+3) 
 
 
 
 
 
6(1+5) 
 
 
 
23 Discuss some of the limitations in the effective decentralization of power at the local level. 
Suggest three solutions/suggestions to empower local governments.  
 
OR 
 
What were the provisions of the Cabinet Mission Plan for the composition of the 
Constituent Assembly? Even though the members of the Constituent Assembly were elected 
in an indirect manner, the constitution is able to command the allegiance of the people. 
Why? 
6 
 
 
24 ‘In a parliamentary system, the formal powers of the President are in reality used by the 
President only on the advice of the Council of Ministers.’ On the basis of this statement can 
we infer that the President has no discretionary power under any circumstances? Comment, 
with special reference to the post 1989 coalition era.  
 
 
OR 
 
A definite procedure is followed in the process of making law. With the help of a flow 
chart, give a detailed explanation of the process of law making in the Parliament.  
 
6 
25 Article 368 deals with the amendment procedure. What are the features of the bills taken up 
under this article? 
 
OR 
The constitution has been amended a number of times in the last 66 years. Describe the 
broad categories of the contents of the amendments done till date.   
6 
26 The most extra-ordinary feature of the federal arrangement created in India is that many 
states get a differential treatment. Elaborate. 
 
OR 
‘The constitution of India provides for a single integrated judicial system’. What does the 
given statement imply? Explain with the help of a diagram.  
 
6 
27 Explain how and why the Indian model of secularism is different from the western model? 
With reference to recent debates on secularism, would you consider India to be a truly 
secular country, if you belonged to a religious minority community?  
 
OR 
Mention the limitations of the Indian constitution. Give your own analysis of each.   
6 (4+2) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3+3) 
 
 
 
 
                
                            
                   Answer Key  
 
  
Date of Exam:                                           Class: XI 
 
Subject: Political Science 
 
1 Given a situation where elections for some Rajya Sabha seats have 
been scheduled next month. 3 seats have to be elected from Uttar 
Pradesh. The UP Vidhan Sabha has 404 elected members. What is the 
minimum quota of votes which a candidate must secure, to be 
declared a winner?  
 
(404/ 3+1 ) +1= 102 
1 
2 Mention any one positive impact of Judicial activism on the political 
system.  
 
1. Democratised the judicial system by giving groups access to courts.  
2. Forced executive accountability  
3. Made an attempt to make the electoral system more free and fair. 
  
                                                                                           (any 1) 
 
1 
3 How many seats have been reserved for SCSTs in the Lok Sabha? 
SC- 84 
ST-47 
1 
4 What was the main provision of Article 243? 
Constitutional provision for Local self-government.  
1 
5 What does the Indian bureaucracy comprise of? 
All India services, State services, employees of the local governments, 
and technical and managerial staff running public sector undertakings.   
1 
6 Explain the writs of Prohibition and Certiorari. 
 
Prohibition- Issued by a higher court when a lower court has considered 
a case going beyond its jurisdiction. 
Certiorari- Court orders a lower court or another authority to transfer a 
matter pending before it to the higher authority or court.  
 
2 
7 What is the function of State Finance Commission with reference to 
Local Governments? 
 
Examine the financial position of the local governments in the state. 
It would also review the distribution of revenues between the State and 
local governments on the one hand and between rural and urban local 
governments on the other.  
 
2