Short Notes: Jump Statements | Short Notes for Computer Science Engineering - Computer Science Engineering (CSE) PDF Download

 Page 1


JUMP STATEMENTS
T h e b re a k S ta tem e n t
The break statement provides an early exit from for, while, and do, just as from switch. A break 
causes the innermost enclosing loop or switch to be exited immediately. When break is 
encountered inside any loop, control automatically passes to the first statement after the loop.
Consider the following example;
main( )
{
int i = 1 , j = 1 ; 
while ( i++ < = 100 )
{
while (j++ < = 200)
{
if ( j == 150 ) 
break ; 
else
printf ( "%d %d\n", i, j );
}
}
}
In this program when j equals 150, break takes the control outside the inner while only, 
since it is placed inside the inner while.
The c o n tin u e Statement
The continue statement is related to break, but less often used; it causes the next iteration 
of the enclosing fo r, while, or do loop to begin. In the while and do, this means that the 
test part is executed immediately; in the for, control passes to the increment step. The 
continue statement applies only to loops, not to switch.
Consider the following program:
main( ) 
{
Page 2


JUMP STATEMENTS
T h e b re a k S ta tem e n t
The break statement provides an early exit from for, while, and do, just as from switch. A break 
causes the innermost enclosing loop or switch to be exited immediately. When break is 
encountered inside any loop, control automatically passes to the first statement after the loop.
Consider the following example;
main( )
{
int i = 1 , j = 1 ; 
while ( i++ < = 100 )
{
while (j++ < = 200)
{
if ( j == 150 ) 
break ; 
else
printf ( "%d %d\n", i, j );
}
}
}
In this program when j equals 150, break takes the control outside the inner while only, 
since it is placed inside the inner while.
The c o n tin u e Statement
The continue statement is related to break, but less often used; it causes the next iteration 
of the enclosing fo r, while, or do loop to begin. In the while and do, this means that the 
test part is executed immediately; in the for, control passes to the increment step. The 
continue statement applies only to loops, not to switch.
Consider the following program:
main( ) 
{
int i, j ;
fo r ( i = 1 ; i < = 2 ; i+ + )
{
fo r ( j = 1 ; j <= 2 ; j+ + )
{ if (i = =j)
continue ;
printf ( "\n%d %d\n", i, j ) ;
}
}
The output of the above program would be...
1 2 
2 1
Note that when the value of I equals that of j, the continue statement takes the control to 
the fo r loop (inner) by passing rest of the statements pending execution in the fo r loop 
(inner).
The g o to statement
Kernighan and Ritchie refer to the goto statement as "infinitely abusable" and suggest that 
it "be used sparingly, if at all.
The goto statement causes your program to jump to a different location, rather than 
execute the next statement in sequence. The format of the goto statement is;
goto statement label;
Consider the following program fragment
if (size > 12) 
goto a; 
goto b;
a: cost = cost * 1.05;
flag = 2;
Page 3


JUMP STATEMENTS
T h e b re a k S ta tem e n t
The break statement provides an early exit from for, while, and do, just as from switch. A break 
causes the innermost enclosing loop or switch to be exited immediately. When break is 
encountered inside any loop, control automatically passes to the first statement after the loop.
Consider the following example;
main( )
{
int i = 1 , j = 1 ; 
while ( i++ < = 100 )
{
while (j++ < = 200)
{
if ( j == 150 ) 
break ; 
else
printf ( "%d %d\n", i, j );
}
}
}
In this program when j equals 150, break takes the control outside the inner while only, 
since it is placed inside the inner while.
The c o n tin u e Statement
The continue statement is related to break, but less often used; it causes the next iteration 
of the enclosing fo r, while, or do loop to begin. In the while and do, this means that the 
test part is executed immediately; in the for, control passes to the increment step. The 
continue statement applies only to loops, not to switch.
Consider the following program:
main( ) 
{
int i, j ;
fo r ( i = 1 ; i < = 2 ; i+ + )
{
fo r ( j = 1 ; j <= 2 ; j+ + )
{ if (i = =j)
continue ;
printf ( "\n%d %d\n", i, j ) ;
}
}
The output of the above program would be...
1 2 
2 1
Note that when the value of I equals that of j, the continue statement takes the control to 
the fo r loop (inner) by passing rest of the statements pending execution in the fo r loop 
(inner).
The g o to statement
Kernighan and Ritchie refer to the goto statement as "infinitely abusable" and suggest that 
it "be used sparingly, if at all.
The goto statement causes your program to jump to a different location, rather than 
execute the next statement in sequence. The format of the goto statement is;
goto statement label;
Consider the following program fragment
if (size > 12) 
goto a; 
goto b;
a: cost = cost * 1.05;
flag = 2;
b: bill = cost * flag;
Here, if the if conditions satisfies the program jumps to block labelled as a: if not then it 
jumps to block labelled as b:.
Exercise questions:
1 . WAP to input the 3 sides of a triangle & print its corresponding type.
2. WAP to input the name of salesman & total sales made by him. Calculate & print the 
commission earned.
TOTAL SALES RATE OF COMMISSION
1-1000 3 %
1001-4000 8 %
6001-6000 12 %
6001 and above 15 %
3. WAP to calculate the wages of a labor.
TIME WAGE
First 10 hrs. Rs 60
Next 6 hrs. Rs 15
Next 4 hrs. Rs 18
Above 10 hrs. Rs 25
4.
5.
6.
WAP to calculate the area of a triangle, circle, square or rectangle based on the user’s 
choice.
WAP that will print various formulae & do calculations:
i. Vol of a cube
ii. Vol of a cuboid
iii. Vol of a cyclinder
iv. Vol of sphere
WAP to print the following series
i. S = 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 ...... .1/10
ii. P= (1*2) + (2 *3) + (3* 4)+........(8 *9) +(9 *
iii. Q= / + % +5/6 +....13/14
iv. S = 2/5 + 5/9 + 8/13. .n
v. S = x + x2 + x3 + x4......+ x9 + x1 0
vi.
P= x + x3 /3 + x5 /5 + x7 /7.............. ...n terms
vii. S= (13 *1) + (12 * 2). .....(1 *13)
viii. S = 1 + 1/(2 2 ) + 1/ (3 3 ) + 1/(44 ) +
1/(55 )
Page 4


JUMP STATEMENTS
T h e b re a k S ta tem e n t
The break statement provides an early exit from for, while, and do, just as from switch. A break 
causes the innermost enclosing loop or switch to be exited immediately. When break is 
encountered inside any loop, control automatically passes to the first statement after the loop.
Consider the following example;
main( )
{
int i = 1 , j = 1 ; 
while ( i++ < = 100 )
{
while (j++ < = 200)
{
if ( j == 150 ) 
break ; 
else
printf ( "%d %d\n", i, j );
}
}
}
In this program when j equals 150, break takes the control outside the inner while only, 
since it is placed inside the inner while.
The c o n tin u e Statement
The continue statement is related to break, but less often used; it causes the next iteration 
of the enclosing fo r, while, or do loop to begin. In the while and do, this means that the 
test part is executed immediately; in the for, control passes to the increment step. The 
continue statement applies only to loops, not to switch.
Consider the following program:
main( ) 
{
int i, j ;
fo r ( i = 1 ; i < = 2 ; i+ + )
{
fo r ( j = 1 ; j <= 2 ; j+ + )
{ if (i = =j)
continue ;
printf ( "\n%d %d\n", i, j ) ;
}
}
The output of the above program would be...
1 2 
2 1
Note that when the value of I equals that of j, the continue statement takes the control to 
the fo r loop (inner) by passing rest of the statements pending execution in the fo r loop 
(inner).
The g o to statement
Kernighan and Ritchie refer to the goto statement as "infinitely abusable" and suggest that 
it "be used sparingly, if at all.
The goto statement causes your program to jump to a different location, rather than 
execute the next statement in sequence. The format of the goto statement is;
goto statement label;
Consider the following program fragment
if (size > 12) 
goto a; 
goto b;
a: cost = cost * 1.05;
flag = 2;
b: bill = cost * flag;
Here, if the if conditions satisfies the program jumps to block labelled as a: if not then it 
jumps to block labelled as b:.
Exercise questions:
1 . WAP to input the 3 sides of a triangle & print its corresponding type.
2. WAP to input the name of salesman & total sales made by him. Calculate & print the 
commission earned.
TOTAL SALES RATE OF COMMISSION
1-1000 3 %
1001-4000 8 %
6001-6000 12 %
6001 and above 15 %
3. WAP to calculate the wages of a labor.
TIME WAGE
First 10 hrs. Rs 60
Next 6 hrs. Rs 15
Next 4 hrs. Rs 18
Above 10 hrs. Rs 25
4.
5.
6.
WAP to calculate the area of a triangle, circle, square or rectangle based on the user’s 
choice.
WAP that will print various formulae & do calculations:
i. Vol of a cube
ii. Vol of a cuboid
iii. Vol of a cyclinder
iv. Vol of sphere
WAP to print the following series
i. S = 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 ...... .1/10
ii. P= (1*2) + (2 *3) + (3* 4)+........(8 *9) +(9 *
iii. Q= / + % +5/6 +....13/14
iv. S = 2/5 + 5/9 + 8/13. .n
v. S = x + x2 + x3 + x4......+ x9 + x1 0
vi.
P= x + x3 /3 + x5 /5 + x7 /7.............. ...n terms
vii. S= (13 *1) + (12 * 2). .....(1 *13)
viii. S = 1 + 1/(2 2 ) + 1/ (3 3 ) + 1/(44 ) +
1/(55 )
ix. S = 1/1! + 1/2! + 1/3! .................. +1/n!
x. S = 1 + 1/3! + 1/5!+.........n terms
xi. S = 1 + (1+2) +(1+2+3) + (1+2+3+4)..................+(1+2+3.........20)
xii. S= x + x2 /2! + x3 /3! + x4 /4! +x1 0 /10!
xiii. P = x/2! + x2 /3! +....... x9 /10!
xiv. S = 1 - 2 + 3 - 4............+ 9 - 10
xv. S = 1 -22 + 32 - 42............+92 - 102
xvi. S = 1/(1 + 2) + 3/(3 + 5)...... 15/(15 + 16)
xvii. S = 1 +x2 /2! - x4 /4! + x6 /6!....n
xviii. S = 1 + ( 1 + 2) + (1+2+3).........(1+2+3+4.....20)
xix. S = 1 + x + x2 /2 + x3 /3....... +xn /n
xx. S = 1 * 3/ 2 * 4 * 5 + 2 * 4 / 3 * 5 * 6 + 3 * 5/ 4 * 6 * 7 n * (n+2)/ (n+1) *
(n+3) * (n+4)
7. WAP to input a no & print its corresponding table.
8. WAP to print the table from 1 to 10 till 10 terms.
9. WAP to input a no & print its factorial.
10. WAP to input a no & check whether it is prime or not.
11. WAP to input a no & print all the prime nos upto it.
12. WAP to input a no & print if the no is perfect or not.
13. WAP to find the HCF of 2 nos.
14. WAP to print the Pythagoras triplets within 100. (A Pythagorean triplet consists of three 
positive integers a, b, and c, such that a + b = c ).
15. WAP to input a no & check whether its automorphic or not. (An automorphic number is a
2
number whose square "ends" in the same digits as the number itself. For example, 5 = 
25, 62 = 36, 762 = 5776, and 8906252 = 793212890625, so 5, 6, 76 and 890625 are all 
automorphic numbers).
16. WAP to convert a given no of days into years, weeks & days.
17. WAP to input a no & check whether it’s an Armstrong no or not. (An Armstrong no is an 
integer such that the sum of the cubes of its digits is equal to the number itself. For 
example, 371 is an Armstrong number since
18. A cricket kit supplier in Jalandhar sells bats, wickets & balls. WAP to generate sales bill. 
Input form the console the date of purchase, name of the buyer, price of each item & 
quantity of each item. Calculate the total sale amount & add 17.5 % sales tax if the total 
sales amount >300000 & add 12.5 % if the total sales amount is >150000 & 7 % 
otherwise. Display the total sales amount, the sales tax & the grand total.
19. WAP to check whether a given number is magic number or not.
(What is a magic number? Example: 1729
• Find the sum of digits of the given number.(1 + 7 + 2 + 9 => 19)
• Reverse of digit sum output. Reverse of 19 is 91
Page 5


JUMP STATEMENTS
T h e b re a k S ta tem e n t
The break statement provides an early exit from for, while, and do, just as from switch. A break 
causes the innermost enclosing loop or switch to be exited immediately. When break is 
encountered inside any loop, control automatically passes to the first statement after the loop.
Consider the following example;
main( )
{
int i = 1 , j = 1 ; 
while ( i++ < = 100 )
{
while (j++ < = 200)
{
if ( j == 150 ) 
break ; 
else
printf ( "%d %d\n", i, j );
}
}
}
In this program when j equals 150, break takes the control outside the inner while only, 
since it is placed inside the inner while.
The c o n tin u e Statement
The continue statement is related to break, but less often used; it causes the next iteration 
of the enclosing fo r, while, or do loop to begin. In the while and do, this means that the 
test part is executed immediately; in the for, control passes to the increment step. The 
continue statement applies only to loops, not to switch.
Consider the following program:
main( ) 
{
int i, j ;
fo r ( i = 1 ; i < = 2 ; i+ + )
{
fo r ( j = 1 ; j <= 2 ; j+ + )
{ if (i = =j)
continue ;
printf ( "\n%d %d\n", i, j ) ;
}
}
The output of the above program would be...
1 2 
2 1
Note that when the value of I equals that of j, the continue statement takes the control to 
the fo r loop (inner) by passing rest of the statements pending execution in the fo r loop 
(inner).
The g o to statement
Kernighan and Ritchie refer to the goto statement as "infinitely abusable" and suggest that 
it "be used sparingly, if at all.
The goto statement causes your program to jump to a different location, rather than 
execute the next statement in sequence. The format of the goto statement is;
goto statement label;
Consider the following program fragment
if (size > 12) 
goto a; 
goto b;
a: cost = cost * 1.05;
flag = 2;
b: bill = cost * flag;
Here, if the if conditions satisfies the program jumps to block labelled as a: if not then it 
jumps to block labelled as b:.
Exercise questions:
1 . WAP to input the 3 sides of a triangle & print its corresponding type.
2. WAP to input the name of salesman & total sales made by him. Calculate & print the 
commission earned.
TOTAL SALES RATE OF COMMISSION
1-1000 3 %
1001-4000 8 %
6001-6000 12 %
6001 and above 15 %
3. WAP to calculate the wages of a labor.
TIME WAGE
First 10 hrs. Rs 60
Next 6 hrs. Rs 15
Next 4 hrs. Rs 18
Above 10 hrs. Rs 25
4.
5.
6.
WAP to calculate the area of a triangle, circle, square or rectangle based on the user’s 
choice.
WAP that will print various formulae & do calculations:
i. Vol of a cube
ii. Vol of a cuboid
iii. Vol of a cyclinder
iv. Vol of sphere
WAP to print the following series
i. S = 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 ...... .1/10
ii. P= (1*2) + (2 *3) + (3* 4)+........(8 *9) +(9 *
iii. Q= / + % +5/6 +....13/14
iv. S = 2/5 + 5/9 + 8/13. .n
v. S = x + x2 + x3 + x4......+ x9 + x1 0
vi.
P= x + x3 /3 + x5 /5 + x7 /7.............. ...n terms
vii. S= (13 *1) + (12 * 2). .....(1 *13)
viii. S = 1 + 1/(2 2 ) + 1/ (3 3 ) + 1/(44 ) +
1/(55 )
ix. S = 1/1! + 1/2! + 1/3! .................. +1/n!
x. S = 1 + 1/3! + 1/5!+.........n terms
xi. S = 1 + (1+2) +(1+2+3) + (1+2+3+4)..................+(1+2+3.........20)
xii. S= x + x2 /2! + x3 /3! + x4 /4! +x1 0 /10!
xiii. P = x/2! + x2 /3! +....... x9 /10!
xiv. S = 1 - 2 + 3 - 4............+ 9 - 10
xv. S = 1 -22 + 32 - 42............+92 - 102
xvi. S = 1/(1 + 2) + 3/(3 + 5)...... 15/(15 + 16)
xvii. S = 1 +x2 /2! - x4 /4! + x6 /6!....n
xviii. S = 1 + ( 1 + 2) + (1+2+3).........(1+2+3+4.....20)
xix. S = 1 + x + x2 /2 + x3 /3....... +xn /n
xx. S = 1 * 3/ 2 * 4 * 5 + 2 * 4 / 3 * 5 * 6 + 3 * 5/ 4 * 6 * 7 n * (n+2)/ (n+1) *
(n+3) * (n+4)
7. WAP to input a no & print its corresponding table.
8. WAP to print the table from 1 to 10 till 10 terms.
9. WAP to input a no & print its factorial.
10. WAP to input a no & check whether it is prime or not.
11. WAP to input a no & print all the prime nos upto it.
12. WAP to input a no & print if the no is perfect or not.
13. WAP to find the HCF of 2 nos.
14. WAP to print the Pythagoras triplets within 100. (A Pythagorean triplet consists of three 
positive integers a, b, and c, such that a + b = c ).
15. WAP to input a no & check whether its automorphic or not. (An automorphic number is a
2
number whose square "ends" in the same digits as the number itself. For example, 5 = 
25, 62 = 36, 762 = 5776, and 8906252 = 793212890625, so 5, 6, 76 and 890625 are all 
automorphic numbers).
16. WAP to convert a given no of days into years, weeks & days.
17. WAP to input a no & check whether it’s an Armstrong no or not. (An Armstrong no is an 
integer such that the sum of the cubes of its digits is equal to the number itself. For 
example, 371 is an Armstrong number since
18. A cricket kit supplier in Jalandhar sells bats, wickets & balls. WAP to generate sales bill. 
Input form the console the date of purchase, name of the buyer, price of each item & 
quantity of each item. Calculate the total sale amount & add 17.5 % sales tax if the total 
sales amount >300000 & add 12.5 % if the total sales amount is >150000 & 7 % 
otherwise. Display the total sales amount, the sales tax & the grand total.
19. WAP to check whether a given number is magic number or not.
(What is a magic number? Example: 1729
• Find the sum of digits of the given number.(1 + 7 + 2 + 9 => 19)
• Reverse of digit sum output. Reverse of 19 is 91
• Find the product of digit sum and the reverse of digit sum.(19 X 91 = 1729)
• If the product value and the given input are same, then the given number is a magic 
number.(19 X 91 <=> 1729)
20. Write a C program to calculate generic root of the given number. (To find the generic root 
of a no we first find the sum of digits of the no until we get a single digit output. That resultant no 
is called the generic no. Eg: 456791: 4+5+6+7+9+1=32. 3 +2 =5. So, 5 becomes the generic root 
of the given no)