Pile Foundation | Soil Mechanics - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download

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Pile Foundation 
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Pile Foundation 
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PILE FOUNDATIONS 
A Pile is a relatively long, smaller diameter, which is driven or installed into the ground by 
suitable means.  
The piles are usually driven in groups to provide foundations for structures.  
The pile groups may be used to resist 
       a. vertical compressive loads 
       b. uplift or tensile forces, and  
       c. horizontal or inclined loads.  
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2 
Pile Foundation 
5/22/2020 
 
 
3 
PILE FOUNDATIONS 
A Pile is a relatively long, smaller diameter, which is driven or installed into the ground by 
suitable means.  
The piles are usually driven in groups to provide foundations for structures.  
The pile groups may be used to resist 
       a. vertical compressive loads 
       b. uplift or tensile forces, and  
       c. horizontal or inclined loads.  
 
  
 
4 
Classification of piles 
Based on function or action 
a. End (or point) bearing piles:  are used to transfer the load through soft soil or 
water to a suitable bearing stratum.  
b. Friction piles: are used to transfer the load through friction along the length of  
     piles. 
End bearing piles 
Friction piles 
Frictional 
force  
Ground 
level 
Page 4


 
  
 
2 
Pile Foundation 
5/22/2020 
 
 
3 
PILE FOUNDATIONS 
A Pile is a relatively long, smaller diameter, which is driven or installed into the ground by 
suitable means.  
The piles are usually driven in groups to provide foundations for structures.  
The pile groups may be used to resist 
       a. vertical compressive loads 
       b. uplift or tensile forces, and  
       c. horizontal or inclined loads.  
 
  
 
4 
Classification of piles 
Based on function or action 
a. End (or point) bearing piles:  are used to transfer the load through soft soil or 
water to a suitable bearing stratum.  
b. Friction piles: are used to transfer the load through friction along the length of  
     piles. 
End bearing piles 
Friction piles 
Frictional 
force  
Ground 
level 
 
  
 
5 
c. Compaction piles: are used to compact loose granular soil which gets densified by     
          the vibrations set up on driving.  
• Compaction piles themselves do not carry any load.  
• Compaction piles are made of weaker material - sometimes sand only 
• To compact the soil, pile tube driven is taken out and sand is filled in its place, 
thus forming a sand pile. 
d. Tension or uplift piles: are used to resist uplift loads due to hydrostatic pressure or 
due to over turning moment.  
Compaction piles 
Tension  piles 
Page 5


 
  
 
2 
Pile Foundation 
5/22/2020 
 
 
3 
PILE FOUNDATIONS 
A Pile is a relatively long, smaller diameter, which is driven or installed into the ground by 
suitable means.  
The piles are usually driven in groups to provide foundations for structures.  
The pile groups may be used to resist 
       a. vertical compressive loads 
       b. uplift or tensile forces, and  
       c. horizontal or inclined loads.  
 
  
 
4 
Classification of piles 
Based on function or action 
a. End (or point) bearing piles:  are used to transfer the load through soft soil or 
water to a suitable bearing stratum.  
b. Friction piles: are used to transfer the load through friction along the length of  
     piles. 
End bearing piles 
Friction piles 
Frictional 
force  
Ground 
level 
 
  
 
5 
c. Compaction piles: are used to compact loose granular soil which gets densified by     
          the vibrations set up on driving.  
• Compaction piles themselves do not carry any load.  
• Compaction piles are made of weaker material - sometimes sand only 
• To compact the soil, pile tube driven is taken out and sand is filled in its place, 
thus forming a sand pile. 
d. Tension or uplift piles: are used to resist uplift loads due to hydrostatic pressure or 
due to over turning moment.  
Compaction piles 
Tension  piles 
 
  
 
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e. Anchor piles: are used to provide anchorage against horizontal pull from sheet piling 
or other pulling forces.  
f. Fender Piles : are used to protect water front structures against impact from ships or 
other floating objects.  
g. Sheet piles: are used as bulkheads, or cut-offs to reduce seepage and uplift in 
hydraulic structures. 
Anchor piles 
Sheet piles 
Fender Piles