Syllabus: Chemistry for Class 12 | Chemistry Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

 Page 1


  
  
  
 
   
   
    
CLASS XII (2023-24) (THEORY)  
 Time : 3 Hours                              70 Marks  
 
 
 
S.No.  Title  No. of 
Periods  
Marks  
1 Solutions 10 7 
2 Electrochemistry 12 9 
3 Chemical Kinetics 10 7 
4 d -and f -Block Elements 12 7 
5 Coordination Compounds 12 7 
6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 10 6 
7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10 6 
8 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 8 
9 Amines 10 6 
10 Biomolecules 12 7 
  Total   70 
  
   
 Unit II: Solutions  10 Periods  
              Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in 
liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, 
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular 
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.  
 Unit III: Electrochemistry  12 Periods  
              Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to 
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic 
solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's 
Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, 
lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.  
  
CLASS XII (2024-25) (THEORY)
Page 2


  
  
  
 
   
   
    
CLASS XII (2023-24) (THEORY)  
 Time : 3 Hours                              70 Marks  
 
 
 
S.No.  Title  No. of 
Periods  
Marks  
1 Solutions 10 7 
2 Electrochemistry 12 9 
3 Chemical Kinetics 10 7 
4 d -and f -Block Elements 12 7 
5 Coordination Compounds 12 7 
6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 10 6 
7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10 6 
8 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 8 
9 Amines 10 6 
10 Biomolecules 12 7 
  Total   70 
  
   
 Unit II: Solutions  10 Periods  
              Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in 
liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, 
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular 
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.  
 Unit III: Electrochemistry  12 Periods  
              Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to 
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic 
solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's 
Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, 
lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.  
  
CLASS XII (2024-25) (THEORY)
 Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics  10 Periods  
              Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, 
temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, 
integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision 
theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.      
 Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements  12 Periods  
              General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, 
general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, 
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, 
alloy formation, preparation and properties of K 2Cr 2O 7 and KMnO 4.  
              Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid 
contraction and its consequences.  
   Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.  
  
 Unit IX: Coordination Compounds  12 Periods  
             Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties 
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's 
theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in 
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).  
 Unit X:   Haloalkanes and Haloarenes.  10 Periods  
              Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation 
mechanism of substitution reactions.  
               Haloarenes: Nature of C –X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in 
monosubstituted compounds only).  
              Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 
iodoform, freons, DDT.  
 Unit XI:  Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers  10 Periods  
              Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary 
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, 
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.  
              Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of 
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.  
                            Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.  
Page 3


  
  
  
 
   
   
    
CLASS XII (2023-24) (THEORY)  
 Time : 3 Hours                              70 Marks  
 
 
 
S.No.  Title  No. of 
Periods  
Marks  
1 Solutions 10 7 
2 Electrochemistry 12 9 
3 Chemical Kinetics 10 7 
4 d -and f -Block Elements 12 7 
5 Coordination Compounds 12 7 
6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 10 6 
7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10 6 
8 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 8 
9 Amines 10 6 
10 Biomolecules 12 7 
  Total   70 
  
   
 Unit II: Solutions  10 Periods  
              Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in 
liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, 
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular 
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.  
 Unit III: Electrochemistry  12 Periods  
              Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to 
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic 
solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's 
Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, 
lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.  
  
CLASS XII (2024-25) (THEORY)
 Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics  10 Periods  
              Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, 
temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, 
integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision 
theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.      
 Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements  12 Periods  
              General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, 
general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, 
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, 
alloy formation, preparation and properties of K 2Cr 2O 7 and KMnO 4.  
              Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid 
contraction and its consequences.  
   Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.  
  
 Unit IX: Coordination Compounds  12 Periods  
             Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties 
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's 
theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in 
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).  
 Unit X:   Haloalkanes and Haloarenes.  10 Periods  
              Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation 
mechanism of substitution reactions.  
               Haloarenes: Nature of C –X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in 
monosubstituted compounds only).  
              Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 
iodoform, freons, DDT.  
 Unit XI:  Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers  10 Periods  
              Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary 
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, 
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.  
              Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of 
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.  
                            Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.  
 Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids  10 Periods  
               Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical 
and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in 
aldehydes, uses.  
              Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical 
properties; uses.  
 Unit XIII: Amines  10 Periods  
               Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical 
properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.  
   Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.  
 Unit XIV: Biomolecules  12 Periods  
              Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), D-L 
configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, 
glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.   
              Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins 
- primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation 
of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.   
   Vitamins - Classification and functions.  
   Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.  
   
PRACTICALS  
  
Evaluation Scheme for Examination  Marks  
Volumetric Analysis  08  
Salt Analysis  08  
Content Based Experiment  06  
Project Work  04  
Class record and viva  04  
Total  30  
  
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS  60Periods  
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments. Wherever 
possible, such techniques should be used.  
Page 4


  
  
  
 
   
   
    
CLASS XII (2023-24) (THEORY)  
 Time : 3 Hours                              70 Marks  
 
 
 
S.No.  Title  No. of 
Periods  
Marks  
1 Solutions 10 7 
2 Electrochemistry 12 9 
3 Chemical Kinetics 10 7 
4 d -and f -Block Elements 12 7 
5 Coordination Compounds 12 7 
6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 10 6 
7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10 6 
8 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 8 
9 Amines 10 6 
10 Biomolecules 12 7 
  Total   70 
  
   
 Unit II: Solutions  10 Periods  
              Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in 
liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, 
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular 
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.  
 Unit III: Electrochemistry  12 Periods  
              Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to 
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic 
solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's 
Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, 
lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.  
  
CLASS XII (2024-25) (THEORY)
 Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics  10 Periods  
              Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, 
temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, 
integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision 
theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.      
 Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements  12 Periods  
              General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, 
general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, 
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, 
alloy formation, preparation and properties of K 2Cr 2O 7 and KMnO 4.  
              Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid 
contraction and its consequences.  
   Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.  
  
 Unit IX: Coordination Compounds  12 Periods  
             Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties 
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's 
theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in 
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).  
 Unit X:   Haloalkanes and Haloarenes.  10 Periods  
              Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation 
mechanism of substitution reactions.  
               Haloarenes: Nature of C –X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in 
monosubstituted compounds only).  
              Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 
iodoform, freons, DDT.  
 Unit XI:  Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers  10 Periods  
              Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary 
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, 
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.  
              Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of 
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.  
                            Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.  
 Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids  10 Periods  
               Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical 
and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in 
aldehydes, uses.  
              Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical 
properties; uses.  
 Unit XIII: Amines  10 Periods  
               Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical 
properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.  
   Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.  
 Unit XIV: Biomolecules  12 Periods  
              Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), D-L 
configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, 
glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.   
              Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins 
- primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation 
of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.   
   Vitamins - Classification and functions.  
   Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.  
   
PRACTICALS  
  
Evaluation Scheme for Examination  Marks  
Volumetric Analysis  08  
Salt Analysis  08  
Content Based Experiment  06  
Project Work  04  
Class record and viva  04  
Total  30  
  
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS  60Periods  
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments. Wherever 
possible, such techniques should be used.  
A. Surface Chemistry  
(a) Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol  
Lyophilic sol - starch, egg albumin and gum  
Lyophobic sol - aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.  
(b) Dialysis of sol-prepared in (a) above.  
(c) Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different oils.  
  
B. Chemical Kinetics  
(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and 
Hydrochloric acid.  
(b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:  
(i) Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using different 
concentration of Iodide ions.  
(ii) Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO 3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na 2SO 3) using starch solution 
as indicator (clock reaction).  
  
C. Thermochemistry  
Any one of the following experiments  
i) Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium Nitrate.  
ii) Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).  
iii) Determination of enthaply change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone 
and Chloroform.  
  
D. Electrochemistry  
Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn
2+
|| Cu
2+
/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO 4 or 
ZnSO 4) at room temperature.  
  
E. Chromatography  
i) Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and 
determination of Rf values.  
ii) Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents 
having large difference in Rf values to be provided).  
  
F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds  
Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation 
of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.  
  
G. Preparation of Organic Compounds  
Preparation of any one of the following compounds  
i) Acetanilide ii) Di -benzalAcetone iii) p-Nitroacetanilide iv) Aniline yellow or 2 - Naphthol Anilinedye.  
  
H. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:  
Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.  
Page 5


  
  
  
 
   
   
    
CLASS XII (2023-24) (THEORY)  
 Time : 3 Hours                              70 Marks  
 
 
 
S.No.  Title  No. of 
Periods  
Marks  
1 Solutions 10 7 
2 Electrochemistry 12 9 
3 Chemical Kinetics 10 7 
4 d -and f -Block Elements 12 7 
5 Coordination Compounds 12 7 
6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 10 6 
7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 10 6 
8 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 10 8 
9 Amines 10 6 
10 Biomolecules 12 7 
  Total   70 
  
   
 Unit II: Solutions  10 Periods  
              Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in 
liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, 
elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular 
masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor.  
 Unit III: Electrochemistry  12 Periods  
              Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to 
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic 
solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's 
Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, 
lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion.  
  
CLASS XII (2024-25) (THEORY)
 Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics  10 Periods  
              Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, 
temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, 
integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision 
theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation.      
 Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements  12 Periods  
              General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, 
general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, 
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, 
alloy formation, preparation and properties of K 2Cr 2O 7 and KMnO 4.  
              Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid 
contraction and its consequences.  
   Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.  
  
 Unit IX: Coordination Compounds  12 Periods  
             Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties 
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's 
theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in 
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).  
 Unit X:   Haloalkanes and Haloarenes.  10 Periods  
              Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation 
mechanism of substitution reactions.  
               Haloarenes: Nature of C –X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in 
monosubstituted compounds only).  
              Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 
iodoform, freons, DDT.  
 Unit XI:  Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers  10 Periods  
              Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary 
alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, 
uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol.  
              Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of 
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.  
                            Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.  
 Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids  10 Periods  
               Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical 
and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in 
aldehydes, uses.  
              Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical 
properties; uses.  
 Unit XIII: Amines  10 Periods  
               Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical 
properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.  
   Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.  
 Unit XIV: Biomolecules  12 Periods  
              Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), D-L 
configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, 
glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.   
              Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins 
- primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation 
of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.   
   Vitamins - Classification and functions.  
   Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.  
   
PRACTICALS  
  
Evaluation Scheme for Examination  Marks  
Volumetric Analysis  08  
Salt Analysis  08  
Content Based Experiment  06  
Project Work  04  
Class record and viva  04  
Total  30  
  
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS  60Periods  
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments. Wherever 
possible, such techniques should be used.  
A. Surface Chemistry  
(a) Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol  
Lyophilic sol - starch, egg albumin and gum  
Lyophobic sol - aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.  
(b) Dialysis of sol-prepared in (a) above.  
(c) Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different oils.  
  
B. Chemical Kinetics  
(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and 
Hydrochloric acid.  
(b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:  
(i) Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using different 
concentration of Iodide ions.  
(ii) Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO 3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na 2SO 3) using starch solution 
as indicator (clock reaction).  
  
C. Thermochemistry  
Any one of the following experiments  
i) Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium Nitrate.  
ii) Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).  
iii) Determination of enthaply change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone 
and Chloroform.  
  
D. Electrochemistry  
Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn
2+
|| Cu
2+
/Cu with change in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO 4 or 
ZnSO 4) at room temperature.  
  
E. Chromatography  
i) Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and 
determination of Rf values.  
ii) Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents 
having large difference in Rf values to be provided).  
  
F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds  
Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation 
of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.  
  
G. Preparation of Organic Compounds  
Preparation of any one of the following compounds  
i) Acetanilide ii) Di -benzalAcetone iii) p-Nitroacetanilide iv) Aniline yellow or 2 - Naphthol Anilinedye.  
  
H. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:  
Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.  
I. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in 
given foodstuffs.  
J. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO 4 solution by titrating it against a standard 
solution of:  
i) Oxalic acid,  
ii) Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate  
(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves). K. 
Qualitative analysis                 
Determination of one cation and one anion in a given salt.  
   Cation : Pb
2+,
 Cu
2+
 As
3+
, Al
3+
, Fe
3+
, Mn
2+
, Zn
2+
, Cu
2+
, Ni
2+
, Ca
2+
, Sr
2+
, Ba
2+
, Mg
2+
, NH4
+ 
 
 Anions: (CO3)
2-
, S
2-
, (SO3)
2-
, (NO2)
-
, (SO4)
2-
, Cl
-
, Br
-
, I
-
, PO
3-
4, (C2O4)
2-
, CH3COO
-
,NO3
-
      
(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)  
PROJECT  
Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources A 
few suggested Projects.  
• Study of the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of ripening.  
• Study of quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.  
• Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with the natural milk with respect to curd formation, 
effect of temperature, etc.  
• Study of the effect of Potassium Bisulphate as food preservative under various conditions (temperature, 
concentration, time, etc.)  
• Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and temperature on it.  
• Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of following materials: wheat flour, gram flour, potato 
juice, carrot juice, etc.  
• Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carum), Illaichi (cardamom).  
• Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric power, chilli powder and pepper. 
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the 
approval of the teacher.  
Practical Examination for Visually Impaired Students of Classes XI and XII Evaluation Scheme  
 
 Time Allowed: Two hours  Max. Marks:30  
  
Identification/Familiarity with the apparatus  5 marks  
Written test (based on given/prescribed practicals)  10 marks  
Practical Record  5 marks  
Viva  10 marks  
Total  30 marks