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The Mughals (16th to 17th Century) Class 7 PPT

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30 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
Babur
26 December 1530 – 17 May 1540 and 22 
February 1555 - 27 January 1556
Humayun
27 January 1556 – 27 October 1605 Akbar 
15 October 1605 – 8 November 1627 Jahangir
8 November 1627 – 2 August 1658
Aurangzeb
31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707
Shah Jahan
Page 3


30 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
Babur
26 December 1530 – 17 May 1540 and 22 
February 1555 - 27 January 1556
Humayun
27 January 1556 – 27 October 1605 Akbar 
15 October 1605 – 8 November 1627 Jahangir
8 November 1627 – 2 August 1658
Aurangzeb
31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707
Shah Jahan
? The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur
? He founded the Mughal Empire after his victories at the 
Battle of Panipat (1526) and the Battle of Khanwa.
? He was a direct descendant of Timur, from the Barlas clan, through his 
father, and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother. 
? Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India 
to satisfy his ambitions.
? Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur was born on 14 February 
1483; sometimes also spelt Baber or Babar)
? After Babur fell seriously ill, Humayun, his eldest son, was summoned from his 
Jagir. He died at the age of 47 on 26 December 1530, and was succeeded by 
Humayun.
Page 4


30 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
Babur
26 December 1530 – 17 May 1540 and 22 
February 1555 - 27 January 1556
Humayun
27 January 1556 – 27 October 1605 Akbar 
15 October 1605 – 8 November 1627 Jahangir
8 November 1627 – 2 August 1658
Aurangzeb
31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707
Shah Jahan
? The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur
? He founded the Mughal Empire after his victories at the 
Battle of Panipat (1526) and the Battle of Khanwa.
? He was a direct descendant of Timur, from the Barlas clan, through his 
father, and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother. 
? Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India 
to satisfy his ambitions.
? Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur was born on 14 February 
1483; sometimes also spelt Baber or Babar)
? After Babur fell seriously ill, Humayun, his eldest son, was summoned from his 
Jagir. He died at the age of 47 on 26 December 1530, and was succeeded by 
Humayun.
A portrait of Babur, from an early 
illustrated manuscript of the 
Baburnama 1589-90
The First Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526, 
was fought between the invading forces of 
Babur and the Lodi Empire
Page 5


30 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
Babur
26 December 1530 – 17 May 1540 and 22 
February 1555 - 27 January 1556
Humayun
27 January 1556 – 27 October 1605 Akbar 
15 October 1605 – 8 November 1627 Jahangir
8 November 1627 – 2 August 1658
Aurangzeb
31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707
Shah Jahan
? The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur
? He founded the Mughal Empire after his victories at the 
Battle of Panipat (1526) and the Battle of Khanwa.
? He was a direct descendant of Timur, from the Barlas clan, through his 
father, and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother. 
? Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India 
to satisfy his ambitions.
? Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur was born on 14 February 
1483; sometimes also spelt Baber or Babar)
? After Babur fell seriously ill, Humayun, his eldest son, was summoned from his 
Jagir. He died at the age of 47 on 26 December 1530, and was succeeded by 
Humayun.
A portrait of Babur, from an early 
illustrated manuscript of the 
Baburnama 1589-90
The First Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526, 
was fought between the invading forces of 
Babur and the Lodi Empire
The Battle of Khanwa was fought near the village 
of Khanwa, about 60 km west of Agra, on March 
17, 1527. It was the second major battle fought 
in modern day India, by the first Mughal Emperor 
Babur after the Battle of Panipat. 
Mughals armed with Matchlocks
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FAQs on The Mughals (16th to 17th Century) Class 7 PPT

1. Who were the Mughals and what time period did they rule?
Ans. The Mughals were a dynasty of Muslim rulers who reigned over parts of the Indian subcontinent from the 16th to the 17th century. They established one of the largest and most powerful empires in the region, ruling from 1526 to 1857.
2. What were the major achievements of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The Mughal Empire made significant contributions in various fields. Some of their major achievements include the construction of architectural wonders like the Taj Mahal, the promotion of art and literature, the development of a centralized administrative system, and the establishment of a prosperous trade network.
3. How did the Mughals influence the culture of India?
Ans. The Mughals had a profound impact on Indian culture. They introduced Persian art, architecture, and language, which greatly influenced Indian society. They also patronized the development of various art forms such as miniature painting and Mughal gardens. Additionally, the Mughals played a crucial role in shaping the cuisine, clothing, and social customs of the Indian population.
4. What were the religious policies of the Mughal Empire?
Ans. The Mughal Empire followed a policy of religious tolerance. While the ruling class was predominantly Muslim, they allowed Hindus and people of other religions to practice their faith freely. Emperor Akbar even introduced a syncretic religion called Din-i-Ilahi, which aimed to blend elements of Islam, Hinduism, and other religions.
5. How did the decline of the Mughal Empire occur?
Ans. The decline of the Mughal Empire can be attributed to various factors. Internal conflicts, administrative inefficiency, and the emergence of regional powers weakened the centralized authority. Additionally, invasions by the Marathas, Persians, and British East India Company further eroded their power. The final blow came with the Indian Rebellion of 1857, leading to the end of Mughal rule in India.
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