CHAPTER - 14 Sources of Energy - Class 10 PDF Download

 Page 1


CHAPTER - 14 
 
SOURCES OF ENERGY 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
Page 2


CHAPTER - 14 
 
SOURCES OF ENERGY 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
1) Characteristics of a good source of fuel :- 
  i) It should have a high energy output per unit mass or volume. 
 ii) It should be easily available. 
iii) It should be easy to store and transport. 
iv) It should be economical.  
2) Sources of energy :- 
     There are two main sources of energy. They are conventional and 
non conventional sources of energy. 
 i) Conventional sources of energy :- are wood, flowing water and 
fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas). 
ii) Non conventional sources of energy :- are solar energy, wind 
energy, biomass energy, ocean energy (tidal energy, wave energy, 
ocean thermal energy), geothermal energy, nuclear energy etc.  
     Some  sources of energy are renewable like sun, wind, flowing water, 
ocean, wood, biomass etc. 
     Some sources of energy are non renewable like coal, petroleum and 
natural gas. 
Page 3


CHAPTER - 14 
 
SOURCES OF ENERGY 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
1) Characteristics of a good source of fuel :- 
  i) It should have a high energy output per unit mass or volume. 
 ii) It should be easily available. 
iii) It should be easy to store and transport. 
iv) It should be economical.  
2) Sources of energy :- 
     There are two main sources of energy. They are conventional and 
non conventional sources of energy. 
 i) Conventional sources of energy :- are wood, flowing water and 
fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas). 
ii) Non conventional sources of energy :- are solar energy, wind 
energy, biomass energy, ocean energy (tidal energy, wave energy, 
ocean thermal energy), geothermal energy, nuclear energy etc.  
     Some  sources of energy are renewable like sun, wind, flowing water, 
ocean, wood, biomass etc. 
     Some sources of energy are non renewable like coal, petroleum and 
natural gas. 
3. Conventional sources of energy :- 
a) Fossil fuels :- are fuels formed inside the earth from the  
    remains of plants and animals after millions of years. The  
    fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural gas. Fossil       
    fuels are non renewable sources of energy so they   
    should be conserved and used judiciously. 
      Disadvantages of fossil fuels :- 
 i) Burning of fossil fuels release gases and harmful  
    particles which causes air pollution. 
ii) Burning of fossil fuels release acidic oxides of sulphur  
    and nitrogen which causes acid rain which is harmful for  
    living organisms, affects soil and water, causes damage    
    to buildings, corrosion of metals etc. 
iii) Burning of fossil fuels release a large amount of carbon  
    dioxide gas which increases the temperature of the  
    atmosphere and causes global warming (green house  
    effect). 
Page 4


CHAPTER - 14 
 
SOURCES OF ENERGY 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
1) Characteristics of a good source of fuel :- 
  i) It should have a high energy output per unit mass or volume. 
 ii) It should be easily available. 
iii) It should be easy to store and transport. 
iv) It should be economical.  
2) Sources of energy :- 
     There are two main sources of energy. They are conventional and 
non conventional sources of energy. 
 i) Conventional sources of energy :- are wood, flowing water and 
fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas). 
ii) Non conventional sources of energy :- are solar energy, wind 
energy, biomass energy, ocean energy (tidal energy, wave energy, 
ocean thermal energy), geothermal energy, nuclear energy etc.  
     Some  sources of energy are renewable like sun, wind, flowing water, 
ocean, wood, biomass etc. 
     Some sources of energy are non renewable like coal, petroleum and 
natural gas. 
3. Conventional sources of energy :- 
a) Fossil fuels :- are fuels formed inside the earth from the  
    remains of plants and animals after millions of years. The  
    fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural gas. Fossil       
    fuels are non renewable sources of energy so they   
    should be conserved and used judiciously. 
      Disadvantages of fossil fuels :- 
 i) Burning of fossil fuels release gases and harmful  
    particles which causes air pollution. 
ii) Burning of fossil fuels release acidic oxides of sulphur  
    and nitrogen which causes acid rain which is harmful for  
    living organisms, affects soil and water, causes damage    
    to buildings, corrosion of metals etc. 
iii) Burning of fossil fuels release a large amount of carbon  
    dioxide gas which increases the temperature of the  
    atmosphere and causes global warming (green house  
    effect). 
Page 5


CHAPTER - 14 
 
SOURCES OF ENERGY 
MADE BY-: 
 RAHAT 
1) Characteristics of a good source of fuel :- 
  i) It should have a high energy output per unit mass or volume. 
 ii) It should be easily available. 
iii) It should be easy to store and transport. 
iv) It should be economical.  
2) Sources of energy :- 
     There are two main sources of energy. They are conventional and 
non conventional sources of energy. 
 i) Conventional sources of energy :- are wood, flowing water and 
fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas). 
ii) Non conventional sources of energy :- are solar energy, wind 
energy, biomass energy, ocean energy (tidal energy, wave energy, 
ocean thermal energy), geothermal energy, nuclear energy etc.  
     Some  sources of energy are renewable like sun, wind, flowing water, 
ocean, wood, biomass etc. 
     Some sources of energy are non renewable like coal, petroleum and 
natural gas. 
3. Conventional sources of energy :- 
a) Fossil fuels :- are fuels formed inside the earth from the  
    remains of plants and animals after millions of years. The  
    fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural gas. Fossil       
    fuels are non renewable sources of energy so they   
    should be conserved and used judiciously. 
      Disadvantages of fossil fuels :- 
 i) Burning of fossil fuels release gases and harmful  
    particles which causes air pollution. 
ii) Burning of fossil fuels release acidic oxides of sulphur  
    and nitrogen which causes acid rain which is harmful for  
    living organisms, affects soil and water, causes damage    
    to buildings, corrosion of metals etc. 
iii) Burning of fossil fuels release a large amount of carbon  
    dioxide gas which increases the temperature of the  
    atmosphere and causes global warming (green house  
    effect). 
b) Thermal power plants :- 
       In  thermal power plants the heat energy produced by burning fossil 
fuels like coal, petroleum or natural gas is used to heat water and 
change it into steam which rotates the turbines of generators to produce 
electricity. 
 c) Hydro power plants :- 
       In hydro power plants water from rivers are stored by constructing 
dams. The water from the dam flows down through pipes and rotates the 
turbines of generators to produce electricity.  
      Advantages :- 
  i) Flowing water is a renewable source of energy. 
 ii) The electricity produced does not cause pollution. 
iii) The water stored in dams can also be used to control floods and  
     for irrigation. 
     Disadvantages :- 
  i) The initial cost is high. 
 ii) Large areas of land gets submerged and the decomposition of  
     vegetation produces methane gas which is a green house gas. 
iii) It causes displacement of people from large areas of land.